CALT Exam Study Guide 2 Question
and answers rated A+ 2025/2026
closed syllable - correct answer ✔A syllable with only one vowel, closed at the end by a consonant. (A
vowel in a closed syllable is short, code it with a breve).
open syllable - correct answer ✔A syllable with only one vowel and it is open at the end. (A vowel in an
open accented syllable is long, code it with a macron).
vowel team - correct answer ✔A syllable with a vowel digraph. (Underline the digraphs, arc
diphthongs).
Vowel consonant e - correct answer ✔A syllable with a vowel, followed by a consonant with a final e.
(Vowel consonant e, the vowel will be long, code it with a macron, the e will be silent, cross it out).
Final Stable Syllable - correct answer ✔A syllable type that comes in the final position of a word. It has
a hint of a vowel sound, and the syllable before it is accented. (Bracket the Final Stable Syllable, accent
the syllable before it).
R Controlled Syllable - correct answer ✔A syllable that has a vowel followed by r in which an
unexpected combination is read. (Arc the vowel r combination).
digraph - correct answer ✔two adjacent letters in a word that make one sound
combination - correct answer ✔Two letters that come together in an unexpected way. (example: qu,
wh, or, ar, ir, ur, er)
diphthong - correct answer ✔Two adjacent vowels in the same syllable that glide together. (Code it
with an arc) (example: ow, ou, oi, oy)
, trigraph - correct answer ✔Three adjacent letters in a syllable that represent one sound. (examples:
tch, dge, igh)
quadrugraph - correct answer ✔Four adjacent letters in a syllable that represent one sound. (example:
eigh)
phoneme - correct answer ✔The smallest unit of sound
morpheme - correct answer ✔The smallest unit of meaning. The smallest forms or units of language
(base word, root, prefix, suffix, or combining form) that carry meaning.
Alphabetic Principle - correct answer ✔The relationship between letters in a left to right orientation,
and phonemes ordered in a specific temporal sequence in a spoken word. The English language operates
on this code of approximately 44 speech sounds and 26 letters. Explicit, systematic, sequential
instruction. About 75% of the school population will deduce the ____________________________
_____________________ or code. 25% need explicit instruction.
4 (because x has 2 sounds)! - correct answer ✔How many phonemes in mix?
3 (because digraph th and digraph ow have one sound each) - correct answer ✔How many phonemes
in throw?
When followed by e, i, or y - correct answer ✔When does g make the j sound
bwF (voiced) -ed = (d) ex. milled
bwF (unvoiced) -ed = (t) ex. talked
bwF t,d -ed = (ed) ex. suited - correct answer ✔What are the sounds made by -ed? Give the formulas.
and answers rated A+ 2025/2026
closed syllable - correct answer ✔A syllable with only one vowel, closed at the end by a consonant. (A
vowel in a closed syllable is short, code it with a breve).
open syllable - correct answer ✔A syllable with only one vowel and it is open at the end. (A vowel in an
open accented syllable is long, code it with a macron).
vowel team - correct answer ✔A syllable with a vowel digraph. (Underline the digraphs, arc
diphthongs).
Vowel consonant e - correct answer ✔A syllable with a vowel, followed by a consonant with a final e.
(Vowel consonant e, the vowel will be long, code it with a macron, the e will be silent, cross it out).
Final Stable Syllable - correct answer ✔A syllable type that comes in the final position of a word. It has
a hint of a vowel sound, and the syllable before it is accented. (Bracket the Final Stable Syllable, accent
the syllable before it).
R Controlled Syllable - correct answer ✔A syllable that has a vowel followed by r in which an
unexpected combination is read. (Arc the vowel r combination).
digraph - correct answer ✔two adjacent letters in a word that make one sound
combination - correct answer ✔Two letters that come together in an unexpected way. (example: qu,
wh, or, ar, ir, ur, er)
diphthong - correct answer ✔Two adjacent vowels in the same syllable that glide together. (Code it
with an arc) (example: ow, ou, oi, oy)
, trigraph - correct answer ✔Three adjacent letters in a syllable that represent one sound. (examples:
tch, dge, igh)
quadrugraph - correct answer ✔Four adjacent letters in a syllable that represent one sound. (example:
eigh)
phoneme - correct answer ✔The smallest unit of sound
morpheme - correct answer ✔The smallest unit of meaning. The smallest forms or units of language
(base word, root, prefix, suffix, or combining form) that carry meaning.
Alphabetic Principle - correct answer ✔The relationship between letters in a left to right orientation,
and phonemes ordered in a specific temporal sequence in a spoken word. The English language operates
on this code of approximately 44 speech sounds and 26 letters. Explicit, systematic, sequential
instruction. About 75% of the school population will deduce the ____________________________
_____________________ or code. 25% need explicit instruction.
4 (because x has 2 sounds)! - correct answer ✔How many phonemes in mix?
3 (because digraph th and digraph ow have one sound each) - correct answer ✔How many phonemes
in throw?
When followed by e, i, or y - correct answer ✔When does g make the j sound
bwF (voiced) -ed = (d) ex. milled
bwF (unvoiced) -ed = (t) ex. talked
bwF t,d -ed = (ed) ex. suited - correct answer ✔What are the sounds made by -ed? Give the formulas.
