ATI - NURSING FUNDAMENTALS STUDY
GUIDE-UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS 2026/2027
Types of Advance Directives - Living Will-expressin clients wishes regarding medical treatment;
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare-designates a healthcare proxy;
Providers Order-DNR-do not resuscitate; AND-allow natural death; CPR-cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Chart Information - assessments; medication administration; treatments geven and the clients responses;
client education
Chart documentation - subjective data-what the client says in quotation marks;
objective data-what you see; accurate/concise-info documented must be
precise; complete/current-info is comprehensive and timely; organized-
communicate in logical order
Delegation and Supervision - RNs to RNs, LPNs and Nursing assistants
Delegation Factors - Predictability of outcome; Potential for harm; Complexity of care; need for problem
solving and innovation; level of interaction with the client
Five Rights of Delegation - Right Task-identify task;
Right Circumstance-access health status/complexity of care;
Right person-verify compentencey of delegatee;
Right direction/communication-data to collect;
Right supervision/evaluation-provide direct/indirect supervision
,Nursing Process - ADPIE; ASSESSMENT, DIAGNOSIS, PLANNING, INTERVENTION, EVALUATION
Admissions, Transfers and Discharge - enure continutity of care throughout the the processes;
admission assessment - provides baseline data
discharge planning is - an interdisciplinary process that is started by the nurse at admission
Medical asepsis - the use of precise practices to reduce the number, growth, and spread of
microorganisms; clean techinque
Surgical asepsis - the use of precise practices to eliminate all micr-organisms from and object or area;
sterile techinque
Regulatory agencies - US Dept of Health and Human Services
FDA
State and local public health agencies
State icensing boards
Joint Commission-JCAHO
Professional Standards Review Organizations
Review committees
Healthcare financing mechanisms - publically federally funded progams
-Medicare
-Medicaid
-Private pay
,Levels of Healthcare - Preventive Health-immunization, stress management
Primary-nutrition counseling
Secondary-emergency
Tertiary-techincal care, cancer centers
Restorative-home health, rehab
Continuing-long-term, chronic
Interdisplinary Personnel-Non-Nursing - Clergy-spiritual
Registered Dietitian-educate on nutrition
Lab Tech-obtain specimens
Occupational Therapist-regain ADLs
Pharmacist-provide/monitor medications
Physical Therapist-increase musculoskeletal function
Provider-assess, diagnose, treat client
Radiologic Techs-perform xrays
Respiratory Therapist-evaluate respiratory status
Social Worker-equip client/family with community resources
Speech Therapist-assist with regaining speech
Autonomy (Ethical Responsibilities) - ability of the client to make personal diecisins, even when those
decissions may not be in the clients best interest
Beneficence (Ethical Responsibilities) - agreement that the care given is in the best interest o the client;
taking positive actions to help others
Fidelity (Ethical Responsibilities) - agreement to keep one's promise to the client about care that was
offered
Justice (Ethical Responsibilities) - fair treatment in matters related to physical an psychosocial care and
use of resources
, Nonmaleficnce (Ethical Responsibilities) - avoidance of harm of pain as much as possible when giving
treatments
Ethical dilemna (Ethical Responsibilities) - it cannot be solved solely by a review of scientiic data; it
involves a conflict between two moral imperatives; the answer will have a profound effect on the
situation/client
Nurses basic code of ethics (Ethical Responsibilities) - advocacy, responsibility, accountability and
confidentiality
nurses role in ethical decision making (Ethical Responsbilities) - 1. an agent fo the client facing and ethical
decision-helping decision of abortion for adolscent; discussing blood transfusion w/JW;
2. the decison maker in regard to nursing practice-witnessing surgeon provide options but not dangers
Sources of Law (legal responsibilities) - Health Insurance Portablity and Accountability Act-HIPAA;
The Americans with Disabilities Act-ADA;
The Mental Health Parity Act-MHPA;
The Patient Self-Determination Act-PSDA
Criminal law - subsection of public law and relates to the relationship of an individual with the
govenment-nurse who falsifies medical record
Civil law - protects the individual rights of people-provision of nursing care is tort law
Negligence - Unintentional Torts - nurse fails to implement safety measures for a client who has been
identified as at risk for falls
Malpractice - Unintentional Torts - nurse administers a large dose of medication due to a calculation
error. Client has a cardiac arrest and dies
Breach of Confidentiality - Quasi-Intentional Tort - a nurse release the medical diagnosis of a client to a
member of the press
GUIDE-UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS 2026/2027
Types of Advance Directives - Living Will-expressin clients wishes regarding medical treatment;
Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare-designates a healthcare proxy;
Providers Order-DNR-do not resuscitate; AND-allow natural death; CPR-cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Chart Information - assessments; medication administration; treatments geven and the clients responses;
client education
Chart documentation - subjective data-what the client says in quotation marks;
objective data-what you see; accurate/concise-info documented must be
precise; complete/current-info is comprehensive and timely; organized-
communicate in logical order
Delegation and Supervision - RNs to RNs, LPNs and Nursing assistants
Delegation Factors - Predictability of outcome; Potential for harm; Complexity of care; need for problem
solving and innovation; level of interaction with the client
Five Rights of Delegation - Right Task-identify task;
Right Circumstance-access health status/complexity of care;
Right person-verify compentencey of delegatee;
Right direction/communication-data to collect;
Right supervision/evaluation-provide direct/indirect supervision
,Nursing Process - ADPIE; ASSESSMENT, DIAGNOSIS, PLANNING, INTERVENTION, EVALUATION
Admissions, Transfers and Discharge - enure continutity of care throughout the the processes;
admission assessment - provides baseline data
discharge planning is - an interdisciplinary process that is started by the nurse at admission
Medical asepsis - the use of precise practices to reduce the number, growth, and spread of
microorganisms; clean techinque
Surgical asepsis - the use of precise practices to eliminate all micr-organisms from and object or area;
sterile techinque
Regulatory agencies - US Dept of Health and Human Services
FDA
State and local public health agencies
State icensing boards
Joint Commission-JCAHO
Professional Standards Review Organizations
Review committees
Healthcare financing mechanisms - publically federally funded progams
-Medicare
-Medicaid
-Private pay
,Levels of Healthcare - Preventive Health-immunization, stress management
Primary-nutrition counseling
Secondary-emergency
Tertiary-techincal care, cancer centers
Restorative-home health, rehab
Continuing-long-term, chronic
Interdisplinary Personnel-Non-Nursing - Clergy-spiritual
Registered Dietitian-educate on nutrition
Lab Tech-obtain specimens
Occupational Therapist-regain ADLs
Pharmacist-provide/monitor medications
Physical Therapist-increase musculoskeletal function
Provider-assess, diagnose, treat client
Radiologic Techs-perform xrays
Respiratory Therapist-evaluate respiratory status
Social Worker-equip client/family with community resources
Speech Therapist-assist with regaining speech
Autonomy (Ethical Responsibilities) - ability of the client to make personal diecisins, even when those
decissions may not be in the clients best interest
Beneficence (Ethical Responsibilities) - agreement that the care given is in the best interest o the client;
taking positive actions to help others
Fidelity (Ethical Responsibilities) - agreement to keep one's promise to the client about care that was
offered
Justice (Ethical Responsibilities) - fair treatment in matters related to physical an psychosocial care and
use of resources
, Nonmaleficnce (Ethical Responsibilities) - avoidance of harm of pain as much as possible when giving
treatments
Ethical dilemna (Ethical Responsibilities) - it cannot be solved solely by a review of scientiic data; it
involves a conflict between two moral imperatives; the answer will have a profound effect on the
situation/client
Nurses basic code of ethics (Ethical Responsibilities) - advocacy, responsibility, accountability and
confidentiality
nurses role in ethical decision making (Ethical Responsbilities) - 1. an agent fo the client facing and ethical
decision-helping decision of abortion for adolscent; discussing blood transfusion w/JW;
2. the decison maker in regard to nursing practice-witnessing surgeon provide options but not dangers
Sources of Law (legal responsibilities) - Health Insurance Portablity and Accountability Act-HIPAA;
The Americans with Disabilities Act-ADA;
The Mental Health Parity Act-MHPA;
The Patient Self-Determination Act-PSDA
Criminal law - subsection of public law and relates to the relationship of an individual with the
govenment-nurse who falsifies medical record
Civil law - protects the individual rights of people-provision of nursing care is tort law
Negligence - Unintentional Torts - nurse fails to implement safety measures for a client who has been
identified as at risk for falls
Malpractice - Unintentional Torts - nurse administers a large dose of medication due to a calculation
error. Client has a cardiac arrest and dies
Breach of Confidentiality - Quasi-Intentional Tort - a nurse release the medical diagnosis of a client to a
member of the press
