NUR 2811 MIDTERM EXAM ICHS
NURSING CAPSTONE EXAM |
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES | LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A+
1.
A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. Which assessment finding indicates fluid
overload?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Weight loss
C. Crackles in lungs
D. Hypotension
Answer: C. Crackles in lungs
Rationale: Crackles indicate fluid accumulation in the lungs, a hallmark of fluid overload in
heart failure.
2.
Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with cardiac arrhythmias?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypermagnesemia
D. Hyponatremia
Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Low potassium disrupts cardiac conduction, increasing risk of arrhythmias.
3.
,A patient with diabetes has a blood glucose of 55 mg/dL. What is the priority action?
A. Administer insulin
B. Give oral glucose
C. Start IV fluids
D. Notify provider
Answer: B. Give oral glucose
Rationale: Hypoglycemia requires immediate glucose replacement to prevent complications.
4.
Which position improves oxygenation in a dyspneic patient?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
C. High Fowler’s
D. Prone
Answer: C. High Fowler’s
Rationale: This position maximizes lung expansion and eases breathing.
5.
What is the first step in the nursing process?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
C. Assessment
D. Evaluation
Answer: C. Assessment
Rationale: Assessment provides the data needed for all subsequent steps.
6.
Which sign indicates infection at an IV site?
,A. Cool skin
B. Redness and warmth
C. Pale appearance
D. Dryness
Answer: B. Redness and warmth
Rationale: These are classic signs of inflammation and infection.
7.
A nurse is administering morphine. What is the priority assessment?
A. Blood pressure
B. Respiratory rate
C. Temperature
D. Pulse
Answer: B. Respiratory rate
Rationale: Morphine can cause respiratory depression, which is life-threatening.
8.
Which lab value indicates anemia?
A. Hemoglobin 8 g/dL
B. Hemoglobin 15 g/dL
C. WBC 7,000
D. Platelets 250,000
Answer: A. Hemoglobin 8 g/dL
Rationale: Low hemoglobin indicates reduced oxygen-carrying capacity.
9.
What is the antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Atropine
B. Naloxone
, C. Epinephrine
D. Dopamine
Answer: B. Naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone reverses opioid effects, especially respiratory depression.
10.
Which patient should the nurse see first?
A. Stable post-op patient
B. Patient with chest pain
C. Patient awaiting discharge
D. Patient with mild pain
Answer: B. Patient with chest pain
Rationale: Chest pain may indicate myocardial infarction, requiring immediate attention.
11.
What is the normal range for adult respiratory rate?
A. 8–12
B. 12–20
C. 20–30
D. 30–40
Answer: B. 12–20
Rationale: This is the standard normal range for adults.
12.
Which condition causes metabolic acidosis?
A. Vomiting
B. Diarrhea
C. Hyperventilation
D. Antacid use
NURSING CAPSTONE EXAM |
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES | LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A+
1.
A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. Which assessment finding indicates fluid
overload?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Weight loss
C. Crackles in lungs
D. Hypotension
Answer: C. Crackles in lungs
Rationale: Crackles indicate fluid accumulation in the lungs, a hallmark of fluid overload in
heart failure.
2.
Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with cardiac arrhythmias?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypermagnesemia
D. Hyponatremia
Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Low potassium disrupts cardiac conduction, increasing risk of arrhythmias.
3.
,A patient with diabetes has a blood glucose of 55 mg/dL. What is the priority action?
A. Administer insulin
B. Give oral glucose
C. Start IV fluids
D. Notify provider
Answer: B. Give oral glucose
Rationale: Hypoglycemia requires immediate glucose replacement to prevent complications.
4.
Which position improves oxygenation in a dyspneic patient?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
C. High Fowler’s
D. Prone
Answer: C. High Fowler’s
Rationale: This position maximizes lung expansion and eases breathing.
5.
What is the first step in the nursing process?
A. Planning
B. Diagnosis
C. Assessment
D. Evaluation
Answer: C. Assessment
Rationale: Assessment provides the data needed for all subsequent steps.
6.
Which sign indicates infection at an IV site?
,A. Cool skin
B. Redness and warmth
C. Pale appearance
D. Dryness
Answer: B. Redness and warmth
Rationale: These are classic signs of inflammation and infection.
7.
A nurse is administering morphine. What is the priority assessment?
A. Blood pressure
B. Respiratory rate
C. Temperature
D. Pulse
Answer: B. Respiratory rate
Rationale: Morphine can cause respiratory depression, which is life-threatening.
8.
Which lab value indicates anemia?
A. Hemoglobin 8 g/dL
B. Hemoglobin 15 g/dL
C. WBC 7,000
D. Platelets 250,000
Answer: A. Hemoglobin 8 g/dL
Rationale: Low hemoglobin indicates reduced oxygen-carrying capacity.
9.
What is the antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Atropine
B. Naloxone
, C. Epinephrine
D. Dopamine
Answer: B. Naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone reverses opioid effects, especially respiratory depression.
10.
Which patient should the nurse see first?
A. Stable post-op patient
B. Patient with chest pain
C. Patient awaiting discharge
D. Patient with mild pain
Answer: B. Patient with chest pain
Rationale: Chest pain may indicate myocardial infarction, requiring immediate attention.
11.
What is the normal range for adult respiratory rate?
A. 8–12
B. 12–20
C. 20–30
D. 30–40
Answer: B. 12–20
Rationale: This is the standard normal range for adults.
12.
Which condition causes metabolic acidosis?
A. Vomiting
B. Diarrhea
C. Hyperventilation
D. Antacid use
