COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS
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what is the most abundant element in the human body? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔hydrogen
,nuclei that are available for MRI are those that exhibit a _________ - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔net spin
low energy = spin up = _______ - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔parallel
high energy = spin down = __________ - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔antiparallel
thermal equilibrium - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔when the body is in the magnetic field,
spins are aligned, and nothing else has happened
B0 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔refers to large magnetic field of the MRI scanner
at thermal equilibrium there are a ________ portion of spins with their
magnetic moments aligned in the same direction as B0 than against it - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔greater
the reason why SNR increases at higher field strengths is because - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔the NMV also increases in size the stronger B0
1 hertz = - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1 cycle per second
larmour equation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔W0 = y x B0
what do the parts of the larmor equation mean? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔W0 =
Larmour frequency (precessional frequency)
,y = gyromagnetic ratio (42.58 MHz/T for hydrogen)
B0 = Field strength
what is the precessional frequency for hydrogen at 1.5T? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔63.87 MHz
(42.58 MHz/T x 1.5T)
out of phase or incoherent - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔magnetic moments of
hydrogen are at different places on the precessional path at a moment in
time
in phase or coherent - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔magnetic moments of hydrogen are
at the same place on the precessional path at a moment in time
what two things do you need to get signal? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1) coherent
2) transverse magnetization
phase refers to - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the position of a magnetic moment of a
spin on its precessional path at any moment in time
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, B1 field is used to deliver an RF pulse which does what 2 things - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔causes 1) transverse magnetization
and 2) phase precession
an RF excitation pulse causes - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔resonance
transverse magnetization occurs at __ degrees to B0 - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔90
saturation occurs when - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔spins are unable to absorb more
energy or to be stimulated and release more energy
what is a saturation pulse - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔180 degree RF
dephasing and relaxation happen at the same time but are - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔independent of eachother
relaxation - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the process in which hydrogen lose energy
(occurs after RF excitation pulse is switched off)
dephasing is caused by - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔field inhomogeneities in the B0
field and interactions between spins and tissue