BKAT Study questions and answers 2026\2027
A+ Grade
What to do first if patient has chest pain.
- correct answer Rest!
ECG changes in an acute MI
- correct answer ST elevation in 2 or more contiguous leads. Ischemia d/t full thickness loss of muscle.
EMERGENCY.
Inferior leads
- correct answer II, III, aVF. RCA occlusion.
Septal leads
- correct answer V1 & V2.
Anterior leads
- correct answer V1 - V4. LAD lesion.
Lateral leads
- correct answer V5, V6, I, and aVL. Circumflex lesion.
Cardiac enzymes
- correct answer Troponins, CK-MB, and CK
Changes in CK
- correct answer Rise: 3-6 hours
Peak: 24 hours
,Normal: 3-4 days
Changes in CK-MB
- correct answer Released after myocardial necrosis. Specific for myocardial damage.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 2-3 days
Troponin I
- correct answer Protein found in cardiac muscle. High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 5-10 days
Troponin T
- correct answer Protein found in cardiac muscle. High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 12-48 hours
Normal: 5-14 days
Common conditions that cause a murmur
- correct answer Aortic dissection, aortic regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve regurgitation
(both acute & chronic), mitral valve stenosis
Drugs to decrease afterload/SVR/PVR
- correct answer (Arterial Dilators) Nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, amrinone, alpha (Regitine) & Ca channel
blockers
Drugs to increased afterload/SVR/PVR
- correct answer (Vasopressors) Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine, neosynephrine
, Drugs to decrease contractility/SVI
- correct answer Beta blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, labetolol, esmolol) and Ca channel
blockers
Drugs to increase contractility/SVI
- correct answer Positive inotropes, dobutamine, dopamine, milrinone, and digoxin
Drugs to decrease preload/CVP/PAWP
- correct answer Venous Dilators - Nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, amrinone, alpha & Ca channel blockers
Diuretics - Furosemide, bumex, mannitol
Drugs to increase preload/CVP/PAWP
- correct answer Volume - Colloid, crystalloids, blood, hetastarch
Dysrhythmia control - antirhythmics, pacemaker, AICD
Complications when using thrombolytics
- correct answer Allergic reaction, bleeding/hemorrhage, stroke
Failure to capture
- correct answer Pacer delivers a stimulus at the appropriate time but no depolarization occurs. No P or
QRS wave after pacer spike.
Failure to fire/pace
- correct answer No pacer spikes seen
Failure to sense
- correct answer Pacemaker does not detects heart's intrinsic activity or interprets noncardiac activity as
intrinsic activity. Spikes in inappropriate times.
Normal PR
- correct answer 0.12 - 0.20
A+ Grade
What to do first if patient has chest pain.
- correct answer Rest!
ECG changes in an acute MI
- correct answer ST elevation in 2 or more contiguous leads. Ischemia d/t full thickness loss of muscle.
EMERGENCY.
Inferior leads
- correct answer II, III, aVF. RCA occlusion.
Septal leads
- correct answer V1 & V2.
Anterior leads
- correct answer V1 - V4. LAD lesion.
Lateral leads
- correct answer V5, V6, I, and aVL. Circumflex lesion.
Cardiac enzymes
- correct answer Troponins, CK-MB, and CK
Changes in CK
- correct answer Rise: 3-6 hours
Peak: 24 hours
,Normal: 3-4 days
Changes in CK-MB
- correct answer Released after myocardial necrosis. Specific for myocardial damage.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 2-3 days
Troponin I
- correct answer Protein found in cardiac muscle. High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 5-10 days
Troponin T
- correct answer Protein found in cardiac muscle. High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 12-48 hours
Normal: 5-14 days
Common conditions that cause a murmur
- correct answer Aortic dissection, aortic regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve regurgitation
(both acute & chronic), mitral valve stenosis
Drugs to decrease afterload/SVR/PVR
- correct answer (Arterial Dilators) Nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, amrinone, alpha (Regitine) & Ca channel
blockers
Drugs to increased afterload/SVR/PVR
- correct answer (Vasopressors) Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine, neosynephrine
, Drugs to decrease contractility/SVI
- correct answer Beta blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, labetolol, esmolol) and Ca channel
blockers
Drugs to increase contractility/SVI
- correct answer Positive inotropes, dobutamine, dopamine, milrinone, and digoxin
Drugs to decrease preload/CVP/PAWP
- correct answer Venous Dilators - Nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, amrinone, alpha & Ca channel blockers
Diuretics - Furosemide, bumex, mannitol
Drugs to increase preload/CVP/PAWP
- correct answer Volume - Colloid, crystalloids, blood, hetastarch
Dysrhythmia control - antirhythmics, pacemaker, AICD
Complications when using thrombolytics
- correct answer Allergic reaction, bleeding/hemorrhage, stroke
Failure to capture
- correct answer Pacer delivers a stimulus at the appropriate time but no depolarization occurs. No P or
QRS wave after pacer spike.
Failure to fire/pace
- correct answer No pacer spikes seen
Failure to sense
- correct answer Pacemaker does not detects heart's intrinsic activity or interprets noncardiac activity as
intrinsic activity. Spikes in inappropriate times.
Normal PR
- correct answer 0.12 - 0.20
