Foundations of Mental Health Care 7th Edition Test Bank (2026) | Morrison-Valfre | Chapters 1–33 Complete Q&A | Mental Health Nursing Study Guide

TESTBANK
b

,Chapter 01: The History of Mental Health Care
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Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care, 7th Edition b b b b b b b




MULTIPLE CHOICE b




1. The belief of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato that the rational soul controlled the
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irrational soul could be compared with the belief ofthemorerecent psychological theorist:
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a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush
ANS: A b




Sigmund Freud believed that mental illness was, in part, caused by forces both within and outside
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the personality. Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of mentally ill individuals as human beings
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in need of medical assistance. Alice Fisher was a Florence Nightingale nurse who cared for the
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mentally ill, and Dr. Benjamin Rush was the author of the book Diseases of the Mind.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension
b REF: p.4 b b b b




OBJ: 2
b TOP: Early Years of Mental Health
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KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment
b MSC: Client Needs:Psychosocial Integrity b b b b b b b




2. During the mid-1500s, behaviors associated with mental illness were more accurately
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recorded by professionals. This practice led to
b b b b b b b fordifferentabnormal
b b




behaviors.
b




a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: A b




Classification of abnormal behaviors did not begin until this time, after the practice of more
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accurate recording of behaviors was begun. Diagnoses, treatment guidelines, and any education
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regarding mental health disorders were not available during this period.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
b REF: p.5 b b b b




OBJ: 3
b TOP: Mental Illness During the Renaissance
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KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment
b MSC: Client Needs:Psychosocial Integrity b b b b b b b




3. During the latter part of the eighteenth century, psychiatry became a separate branch of
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medicine,andinhumanetreatment was greatlydiminished bythe French hospital director:
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a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter

ANS: C b

, Philippe Pinel advocated acceptance of the mentally ill, as well as proper treatment. Dorothea Dix
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crusaded for construction of mental health hospitals. Clifford Beers wrote the book A Mind That
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Found Itself. President Jimmy Carter established the President’s Commission on Mental Health
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in 1978.
b b




PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
b REF: p.5 b b b b




OBJ: 4
b TOP: Mental Illness in the Eighteenth Century
b b b b b b b




KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment
b MSC: Client Needs:Psychosocial Integrity b b b b b b b




4. In 1841,
b surveyed asylums, jails, and almshouses throughout the United b b b b b b b




States, Canada, and Scotland and is credited with bringing about publicawareness and reform for
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the care of the mentally ill.
b b b b b b




a. Sigmund Freud b




b. John Cade b




c. Florence Nightingale b




d. Dorothea Dix b




ANS: D b




Dorothea Dix spent 20 years surveying facilities that housed mentally ill individuals and is
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credited with major changes in the care of the mentally ill. Sigmund Freud introduced the concept
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of psychoanalysis, John Cade discovered lithium carbonate for the treatment of bipolar disorder,
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and Florence Nightingale trained nurses in England in the 1800s.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
b REF: p.6 b b b b




OBJ: 4
b TOP: Mental Illness in the Nineteenth Century
b b b b b b b




KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment
b MSC: Client Needs:Psychosocial Integrity b b b b b b b




5. AsadirectresultofClifford N
B eeRr s’ I
worG
k anBd.boCok,MA MindThatFoundItself,theCommitteefor
Mental Hygiene was formed in U S with a focus on prevention of mental illness and:
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b 1909 b b b b b
b
b b b b b b b b b




a. Earlydetection of symptoms of mental illness b b b b b b




b. Education of caregivers b b




c. Current treatment options b b




d. Removing the stigma attached to mental illness b b b b b b




ANS: D b




Clifford Beers’ book reflected on his attempt at suicide followed by the deplorable care he
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received for the next 3 years in mental hospitals. Beers’ work and book raised the consciousness
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of people throughout the country regarding prevention and removal of the stigmaofhaving a
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mental illness. Earlydetection ofsymptoms, education of caregivers, and current treatment
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options regarding mental illness were not the focus of his book, nor were they a priority for the
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Committee for Mental Hygiene.
b b b b




PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
b REF: p.6 b b b b




OBJ: 4
b TOP: Mental Illness in the Twentieth Century
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KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment
b MSC: Client Needs:Psychosocial Integrity b b b b b b b




6. During the 1930s, what common treatment for schizophrenia caused clients to fall into a coma that
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b could last as long as 50 hours?
b b b b b b




a. Electroconvulsive therapy b




b. Insulin therapy b




c. Humoral therapy b




ANS: C b

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d. Amphetamine therapy b




ANS: B b




Insulin therapy was believed to successfully treat schizophrenia in the early 1900s.
b b b b b b b b b b b




Amphetamines were used to treat depression, and electroconvulsive therapy was used for severe
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depression. Humoral therapy, which originated in ancient Greece and Rome, was a belief that
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mental illness resulted from an imbalance of the humors of air, fire, water, and earth.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
b REF: p.8 b b b b




OBJ: 5
b TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
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KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment
b MSC: ClientNeeds: Psychosocial Integrity
b b b b b b b




7. In the 1930s, what mental health disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) most often used
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to treat?
b b




a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder b




c. Severedepression b




d. Violent behavior b




ANS: C b




ECT was found to be an effective treatment for severe depression in the 1930s. During this period,
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schizophrenia was treated with insulin therapy, and violent behavior was treated with a lobotomy. In
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1949, lithium carbonate was discovered as a treatment for bipolar disorder.
b b b b b b b b b b b




PTS: 1 b DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p.6 b b b b




OBJ: 5
b TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
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KEY: NursingProcessStep:AN
b ss esR
sm e I
n t GMSBC :. CCl i entMNeeds:PsychosocialIntegrity
b b b b b b b b b b b




USNT O
b




b b b




8. In the earlytwentieth century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for violent
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behaviors. Which description of this procedure is accurate?
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a. Aprocedure that delivers an electrical stimulus tothe frontal lobes of the brain
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b. A surgical procedure that drills holes in the front of the skull to drain fluid
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c. Asurgical procedure that severs the frontal lobes of the brain from the thalamus
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d. Asurgical procedure that inserts implants into thefrontal lobes of the brain
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ANS: C b




A frontal lobotomyis a surgical procedure in which the frontal lobes of the brain aresevered from
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the thalamus.
b b




PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge
b REF: p.6 b b b b




OBJ: 5
b TOP: Influences of War on Mental Health Therapies
b b b b b b b b




KEY: NursingProcess Step: Assessment
b MSC: Client Needs:Psychosocial Integrity
b b b b b b b




9. Whichclass of drugs was introduced in the 1930s forthe treatment of depression?
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a. SSRIs
ANS: D b