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Suspicious breast mass - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-A mobile mass that becomes
fixed when the arm relaxes is attached to the ribs and intercostal muscles;
if fixed when the hand is pressed against the hip, it is attached to the
pectoral fascia.
-Hard irregular poorly circumscribed nodules, fixed to the skin or underlying
tissues, strongly suggest cancer
,Risk for Breast cancer - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔--*Age*
-family history of breast/ovarian CA
- inherited genetic mutations,
-personal history of breast cancer
- high levels of endogenous hormones
- breast tissue density
- proliferative lesions with atypia on breast biopsy, - duration of unopposed
estrogen exposure related to early menarche
-age of first full-term pregnancy
- late menopause.
- breastfeeding for less than 1 year,
- postmenopausal obesity
-cigarette smoking, alcohol ingestion,
- physical inactivity, and type of contraception.
Characteristics of a breast cyst - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Soft to firm, round, mobile,
often tender.
, The best way to examine the lateral portion of the breast - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-
Have pt roll onto the opposite hip
-place her hand on her forehead.
- keep shoulders pressed against the bed
-palpate in the axilla, moving in a straight line down to the bra line, then
move the fingers medially and palpate in a vertical strip up the chest to the
clavicle. Continue in vertical overlapping strips until you reach the nipple
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-Caused by overgrowth of
anaerobic bacteria (often from sex)
- Discharge: Gray or white, thin, homogenous, malodorous, coats the
vaginal walls, usually not profuse, may be minimal
- Fishy/musty genital odor
-Normal vulva and vaginal mucosa
-Scan saline wet mount for clue cells (epithelial cells with stippled borders);
sniff for fishy odor after applying KOH ("whiff test"); test the vaginal
secretions for pH > 4.5
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