2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS DOWNLOAD
NUR125 Exam 4 Master Study Guide | 350 Verified Q&A | Parkland Formula
& Rule of 9s, Shock Stages & Hemodynamics, ARDS & Ventilator Alarms,
AKI/CRRT & Disaster Triage (MCI)
Crush your NUR125 Exam 4 with this 350 question master set covering high-acuity nursing
care for Burns, Shock, Respiratory Failure, and Renal emergencies. Each question
includes a high-level italicized rationale designed to master the clinical reasoning
behind Sepsis bundles, MAP calculations, ABG interpretation, and MODS. This rewritten
2024–2026 guide is the ultimate resource for the most difficult exam in the curriculum,
ensuring you reach Level 3 proficiency on your first attempt.
A nurse is communicating with a patient who has cognitive impairment. Which
technique is most effective?
A) Providing complex instructions to stimulate the brain
B) Giving one simple direction at a time
C) Finishing the patient's sentences to save time
D) Using abstract metaphors
Rationale: Patients with cognitive impairment process information slowly. Single, simple
commands reduce frustration and improve comprehension.
Which is the primary goal of palliative care?
A) To cure the underlying disease
B) To provide relief from symptoms and stress of a serious illness
C) To provide care only in the last 6 months of life
D) To assist with active euthanasia
Rationale: Palliative care focuses on quality of life and symptom management at any
stage of a serious illness.
During the "Orientation Phase" of the helping relationship, the nurse should:
A) Review the patient's medical record before meeting
B) Establish the tone and expectations for the relationship
C) Work together with the patient to meet goals
D) Evaluate if goals were met before discharge
Rationale: The orientation phase is when the nurse and patient meet, set the contract,
and build initial trust.
A patient is experiencing sensory overload. Which nursing intervention is a priority?
A) Increasing the volume on the television to drown out monitor noise
B) Clustering nursing care to provide longer rest periods
,2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS DOWNLOAD
C) Keeping the room lights on at maximum brightness
D) Encouraging frequent visits from large groups of family
Rationale: Clustering care reduces the frequency of stimuli, helping the patient's
nervous system recover from overload.
Which sense is generally the last to be lost as a patient approaches death?
A) Sight
B) Taste
C) Hearing
D) Smell
Rationale: Clinical evidence suggests that hearing is often the last sense to fail;
therefore, nurses should encourage families to keep talking to their loved ones.
The "R" in the SBAR communication tool stands for:
A) Reason
B) Response
C) Recommendation
D) Review
Rationale: SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation.
It ensures a clear request for action is made.
A patient has expressive aphasia following a stroke. How should the nurse facilitate
communication?
A) Avoid talking to the patient to prevent embarrassment
B) Allow the patient extra time to respond to questions
C) Speak in a very loud voice
D) Use only written medical pamphlets
Rationale: Expressive aphasia affects the ability to produce language. Patients need
significantly more time to retrieve words and formulate responses.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a high risk of falls due to "Proprioception" issues.
This means the patient has trouble with:
A) Seeing objects in the distance
B) Sensing the position and movement of body parts
C) Identifying common objects by touch
D) Hearing high-pitched sounds
Rationale: Proprioception is the body's ability to sense its location and movements in
space without looking.
Which type of grief is associated with a "lengthy or denied" period of mourning?
A) Normal grief
B) Anticipatory grief
,2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS DOWNLOAD
C) Complicated grief
D) Disenfranchised grief
Rationale: Complicated grief involves a prolonged or significantly difficult time moving
forward after a loss.
A patient with macular degeneration is being discharged. Which safety intervention
is most important?
A) Painting the walls a dark color
B) Ensuring there is adequate, glare-free lighting in hallways
C) Removing all clocks from the home
D) Using small area rugs in every room
Rationale: Macular degeneration affects central vision; bright, non-glare lighting helps
utilize peripheral vision and prevents falls.
When a nurse is "Active Listening," they are:
A) Formulating their next response while the patient speaks
B) Observing the patient's nonverbal behaviors and reflecting on them
C) Multi-tasking by documenting while the patient talks
D) Interrupting to clarify medical terms immediately
Rationale: Active listening involves being fully present, observing nonverbal cues, and
showing the patient they are understood.
Which of the following is an example of "Non-therapeutic" communication?
A) Using silence
B) Giving personal opinions or advice
C) Asking open-ended questions
D) Summarizing the conversation
Rationale: Giving advice takes decision-making away from the patient and can inhibit
their ability to solve problems.
A patient is grieving the loss of a limb. Which type of loss is this?
A) Perceived loss
B) Actual loss
C) Maturational loss
D) Disenfranchised loss
Rationale: Actual loss occurs when a person can no longer feel, hear, or know a person
or object (in this case, a body part).
What is the primary purpose of a "Living Will"?
A) To distribute the patient's money after death
B) To document the patient's wishes regarding life-sustaining treatment
C) To assign a power of attorney for finances
, 2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS DOWNLOAD
D) To ensure the patient is buried in a specific location
Rationale: A living will specifically outlines what medical treatments a patient wants or
doesn't want if they become incapacitated.
A patient experiencing "Olfactory" changes is at risk for:
A) Falls
B) Failing to detect a gas leak or spoiled food
C) Hearing loss
D) Social isolation due to inability to see faces
Rationale: Olfactory refers to the sense of smell; its loss compromises the ability to
detect environmental hazards like smoke or gas.
Which nursing action demonstrates "Empathy"?
A) Telling the patient, "I know exactly how you feel."
B) Saying, "It sounds like you are feeling very frustrated today."
C) Crying with the patient for an extended period
D) Giving the patient a list of reasons why they should be happy
Rationale: Empathy involves understanding and validating the patient's feelings without
taking them on as your own.
In the "Termination Phase," the nurse should:
A) Begin the initial physical assessment
B) Summarize the progress made toward goals
C) Introduce themselves and their role
D) Encourage the patient to call the nurse's personal cell phone
Rationale: The termination phase occurs at the end of the relationship, where the nurse
evaluates goal achievement and transitions care.
A "Disenfranchised Grief" occurs when:
A) A person dies after a long illness
B) The relationship to the deceased is not socially sanctioned or recognized
C) The person cannot accept the reality of the loss
D) The person grieves before the actual death occurs
Rationale: Examples include the loss of a former spouse, an ex-partner, or a pet where
others might not see the grief as "valid."
What is the "Numeric Rating Scale" primarily used for?
A) Assessing cognitive function
B) Assessing pain intensity in adults
C) Measuring height and weight
D) Determining the risk for pressure ulcers
NUR125 Exam 4 Master Study Guide | 350 Verified Q&A | Parkland Formula
& Rule of 9s, Shock Stages & Hemodynamics, ARDS & Ventilator Alarms,
AKI/CRRT & Disaster Triage (MCI)
Crush your NUR125 Exam 4 with this 350 question master set covering high-acuity nursing
care for Burns, Shock, Respiratory Failure, and Renal emergencies. Each question
includes a high-level italicized rationale designed to master the clinical reasoning
behind Sepsis bundles, MAP calculations, ABG interpretation, and MODS. This rewritten
2024–2026 guide is the ultimate resource for the most difficult exam in the curriculum,
ensuring you reach Level 3 proficiency on your first attempt.
A nurse is communicating with a patient who has cognitive impairment. Which
technique is most effective?
A) Providing complex instructions to stimulate the brain
B) Giving one simple direction at a time
C) Finishing the patient's sentences to save time
D) Using abstract metaphors
Rationale: Patients with cognitive impairment process information slowly. Single, simple
commands reduce frustration and improve comprehension.
Which is the primary goal of palliative care?
A) To cure the underlying disease
B) To provide relief from symptoms and stress of a serious illness
C) To provide care only in the last 6 months of life
D) To assist with active euthanasia
Rationale: Palliative care focuses on quality of life and symptom management at any
stage of a serious illness.
During the "Orientation Phase" of the helping relationship, the nurse should:
A) Review the patient's medical record before meeting
B) Establish the tone and expectations for the relationship
C) Work together with the patient to meet goals
D) Evaluate if goals were met before discharge
Rationale: The orientation phase is when the nurse and patient meet, set the contract,
and build initial trust.
A patient is experiencing sensory overload. Which nursing intervention is a priority?
A) Increasing the volume on the television to drown out monitor noise
B) Clustering nursing care to provide longer rest periods
,2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS DOWNLOAD
C) Keeping the room lights on at maximum brightness
D) Encouraging frequent visits from large groups of family
Rationale: Clustering care reduces the frequency of stimuli, helping the patient's
nervous system recover from overload.
Which sense is generally the last to be lost as a patient approaches death?
A) Sight
B) Taste
C) Hearing
D) Smell
Rationale: Clinical evidence suggests that hearing is often the last sense to fail;
therefore, nurses should encourage families to keep talking to their loved ones.
The "R" in the SBAR communication tool stands for:
A) Reason
B) Response
C) Recommendation
D) Review
Rationale: SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation.
It ensures a clear request for action is made.
A patient has expressive aphasia following a stroke. How should the nurse facilitate
communication?
A) Avoid talking to the patient to prevent embarrassment
B) Allow the patient extra time to respond to questions
C) Speak in a very loud voice
D) Use only written medical pamphlets
Rationale: Expressive aphasia affects the ability to produce language. Patients need
significantly more time to retrieve words and formulate responses.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a high risk of falls due to "Proprioception" issues.
This means the patient has trouble with:
A) Seeing objects in the distance
B) Sensing the position and movement of body parts
C) Identifying common objects by touch
D) Hearing high-pitched sounds
Rationale: Proprioception is the body's ability to sense its location and movements in
space without looking.
Which type of grief is associated with a "lengthy or denied" period of mourning?
A) Normal grief
B) Anticipatory grief
,2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS DOWNLOAD
C) Complicated grief
D) Disenfranchised grief
Rationale: Complicated grief involves a prolonged or significantly difficult time moving
forward after a loss.
A patient with macular degeneration is being discharged. Which safety intervention
is most important?
A) Painting the walls a dark color
B) Ensuring there is adequate, glare-free lighting in hallways
C) Removing all clocks from the home
D) Using small area rugs in every room
Rationale: Macular degeneration affects central vision; bright, non-glare lighting helps
utilize peripheral vision and prevents falls.
When a nurse is "Active Listening," they are:
A) Formulating their next response while the patient speaks
B) Observing the patient's nonverbal behaviors and reflecting on them
C) Multi-tasking by documenting while the patient talks
D) Interrupting to clarify medical terms immediately
Rationale: Active listening involves being fully present, observing nonverbal cues, and
showing the patient they are understood.
Which of the following is an example of "Non-therapeutic" communication?
A) Using silence
B) Giving personal opinions or advice
C) Asking open-ended questions
D) Summarizing the conversation
Rationale: Giving advice takes decision-making away from the patient and can inhibit
their ability to solve problems.
A patient is grieving the loss of a limb. Which type of loss is this?
A) Perceived loss
B) Actual loss
C) Maturational loss
D) Disenfranchised loss
Rationale: Actual loss occurs when a person can no longer feel, hear, or know a person
or object (in this case, a body part).
What is the primary purpose of a "Living Will"?
A) To distribute the patient's money after death
B) To document the patient's wishes regarding life-sustaining treatment
C) To assign a power of attorney for finances
, 2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS DOWNLOAD
D) To ensure the patient is buried in a specific location
Rationale: A living will specifically outlines what medical treatments a patient wants or
doesn't want if they become incapacitated.
A patient experiencing "Olfactory" changes is at risk for:
A) Falls
B) Failing to detect a gas leak or spoiled food
C) Hearing loss
D) Social isolation due to inability to see faces
Rationale: Olfactory refers to the sense of smell; its loss compromises the ability to
detect environmental hazards like smoke or gas.
Which nursing action demonstrates "Empathy"?
A) Telling the patient, "I know exactly how you feel."
B) Saying, "It sounds like you are feeling very frustrated today."
C) Crying with the patient for an extended period
D) Giving the patient a list of reasons why they should be happy
Rationale: Empathy involves understanding and validating the patient's feelings without
taking them on as your own.
In the "Termination Phase," the nurse should:
A) Begin the initial physical assessment
B) Summarize the progress made toward goals
C) Introduce themselves and their role
D) Encourage the patient to call the nurse's personal cell phone
Rationale: The termination phase occurs at the end of the relationship, where the nurse
evaluates goal achievement and transitions care.
A "Disenfranchised Grief" occurs when:
A) A person dies after a long illness
B) The relationship to the deceased is not socially sanctioned or recognized
C) The person cannot accept the reality of the loss
D) The person grieves before the actual death occurs
Rationale: Examples include the loss of a former spouse, an ex-partner, or a pet where
others might not see the grief as "valid."
What is the "Numeric Rating Scale" primarily used for?
A) Assessing cognitive function
B) Assessing pain intensity in adults
C) Measuring height and weight
D) Determining the risk for pressure ulcers
