ANATOMY NBME FINAL STUDY PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ 72 year old man comes to the physician because of an 8 month
history of feeling light-headed when he stands up. Bp is 130/85
mmHg while supine and 94/64 mmHg while standing. High-dose
fludrocortisone therapy is started. After 5 days of treatment,
laboratory students are most likely to show what changes?
A. K+ decrease, Renin increase. K+ excretion increase
B. K+ decrease, Renin increase, K+ excretion decrease
C. K+ decrease, Renin decrease, K+ excretion increase
D. K+ increase, Renin increase, K+ excretion decrease
E. K+ increase, Renin decrease, K+ excretion increase
F. K+ increase, Renin decrease, K+ excretion decrease. Answer: C. K+
decrease, Renin decrease, K+ excretion increase
,◉ Sexually active 18-year old woman comes to the MD office
because of a fever, lower abdominal pain, purulent vaginal discharge
for the last 3 weeks. Tender mass is palpated in the right lower
quadrant on bimanual examination. Which of the following is the
most likely site of the mass?
A. Ovary
B. Fallopian tube
C. Uterine fundus
D. Uterine body
E. Vagina
F. Bladder
G. Rectum. Answer: B. Fallopian tube
◉ 13-month old girl has a history of recurrent bacterial infections.
Production of O2, H2O2, OH by neutrophils is normal and
production of HOCL is decreased following stimulation by opsonized
bacteria. The most likely cause is deficiency of:
A. catalase
B. glutathione peroxidase
C. myeloperoxidase
D. NADPH oxidase
E. Superoxide dismutase. Answer: C. myeloperoxidase
,◉ 50 year old man with anginal pain takes nitroglycerin. The pain is
rapidly relieved because of:
A. inhibition of phospholipase C activity
B. stimulation of cyclic AMP formation
C. stimulation of cyclic GMP formation
D. stimulation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate formation
E. Stimulation of protein kinase C activity. Answer: C. stimulation of
cyclic GMP formation
◉ 62 year old man is brought to the physician for evaluation of a 6-
month history of progressively strange behavior. he has been
impulsive and distractible, has stopped bathing and combining his
hair, and has become uncharacteristically rude and unkempt.
Occasionally, when eating, he has stuffed food into his mouth with
his fingers. He has had the same mild problems with memory during
this period. His only medical problem is a 1-year history of
hypertension well controlled with atenolol. Neurologic examination
shows no focal signs, but the grasp and snout reflexes are
prominent. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this
patient condition?
A. Arteriosclerosis
B. Dementia, Alzheimers type
C. Huntingtons disease
D. Normal aging
E. Pick's disease. Answer: E. Pick's disease
, ◉ 4-month old boy is admitted to the hospital with disseminated
candidiasis. He has had several episodes of upper respiratory viral
infections and has a history of tetany. Two months ago, his serum
calcium concentration was 2.0mg/dL. Truncus arterioles was
diagnosed. He was given vitamin D and calcium supplements and
was discharged at 1 month of age. Which of the following sets of
laboratory findings is most likely at this time?
A. Gamma globulins are decreased, Peripheral lymphocytes are
decreased, Mediastinal shadow on x-ray films is narrowed
B. Gamma globulins are normal, Peripheral lymphocytes are
decreased, Mediastinal shadow on x-ray films is widened
C. Gamma globulins are normal, Peripheral lymphocytes are
decreased, Mediastinal shadow on x-ray films is narrowed
D. Gamma globulins are increased, Peripheral lymphocytes are
increased, Mediastinal shadow on x-ray films is widened
E. Gamma globulins are increase. Answer: C. Gamma globulins are
normal, Peripheral lymphocytes are decreased, Mediastinal shadow
on x-ray films is narrowed
◉ The destruction of H2O2, which is a mildly toxic reduced oxygen
species, is catalyzed by which of the following enzymes?
A. Catalase
B. Cytochrome oxidase
C. Nitric oxide synthase
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ 72 year old man comes to the physician because of an 8 month
history of feeling light-headed when he stands up. Bp is 130/85
mmHg while supine and 94/64 mmHg while standing. High-dose
fludrocortisone therapy is started. After 5 days of treatment,
laboratory students are most likely to show what changes?
A. K+ decrease, Renin increase. K+ excretion increase
B. K+ decrease, Renin increase, K+ excretion decrease
C. K+ decrease, Renin decrease, K+ excretion increase
D. K+ increase, Renin increase, K+ excretion decrease
E. K+ increase, Renin decrease, K+ excretion increase
F. K+ increase, Renin decrease, K+ excretion decrease. Answer: C. K+
decrease, Renin decrease, K+ excretion increase
,◉ Sexually active 18-year old woman comes to the MD office
because of a fever, lower abdominal pain, purulent vaginal discharge
for the last 3 weeks. Tender mass is palpated in the right lower
quadrant on bimanual examination. Which of the following is the
most likely site of the mass?
A. Ovary
B. Fallopian tube
C. Uterine fundus
D. Uterine body
E. Vagina
F. Bladder
G. Rectum. Answer: B. Fallopian tube
◉ 13-month old girl has a history of recurrent bacterial infections.
Production of O2, H2O2, OH by neutrophils is normal and
production of HOCL is decreased following stimulation by opsonized
bacteria. The most likely cause is deficiency of:
A. catalase
B. glutathione peroxidase
C. myeloperoxidase
D. NADPH oxidase
E. Superoxide dismutase. Answer: C. myeloperoxidase
,◉ 50 year old man with anginal pain takes nitroglycerin. The pain is
rapidly relieved because of:
A. inhibition of phospholipase C activity
B. stimulation of cyclic AMP formation
C. stimulation of cyclic GMP formation
D. stimulation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate formation
E. Stimulation of protein kinase C activity. Answer: C. stimulation of
cyclic GMP formation
◉ 62 year old man is brought to the physician for evaluation of a 6-
month history of progressively strange behavior. he has been
impulsive and distractible, has stopped bathing and combining his
hair, and has become uncharacteristically rude and unkempt.
Occasionally, when eating, he has stuffed food into his mouth with
his fingers. He has had the same mild problems with memory during
this period. His only medical problem is a 1-year history of
hypertension well controlled with atenolol. Neurologic examination
shows no focal signs, but the grasp and snout reflexes are
prominent. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this
patient condition?
A. Arteriosclerosis
B. Dementia, Alzheimers type
C. Huntingtons disease
D. Normal aging
E. Pick's disease. Answer: E. Pick's disease
, ◉ 4-month old boy is admitted to the hospital with disseminated
candidiasis. He has had several episodes of upper respiratory viral
infections and has a history of tetany. Two months ago, his serum
calcium concentration was 2.0mg/dL. Truncus arterioles was
diagnosed. He was given vitamin D and calcium supplements and
was discharged at 1 month of age. Which of the following sets of
laboratory findings is most likely at this time?
A. Gamma globulins are decreased, Peripheral lymphocytes are
decreased, Mediastinal shadow on x-ray films is narrowed
B. Gamma globulins are normal, Peripheral lymphocytes are
decreased, Mediastinal shadow on x-ray films is widened
C. Gamma globulins are normal, Peripheral lymphocytes are
decreased, Mediastinal shadow on x-ray films is narrowed
D. Gamma globulins are increased, Peripheral lymphocytes are
increased, Mediastinal shadow on x-ray films is widened
E. Gamma globulins are increase. Answer: C. Gamma globulins are
normal, Peripheral lymphocytes are decreased, Mediastinal shadow
on x-ray films is narrowed
◉ The destruction of H2O2, which is a mildly toxic reduced oxygen
species, is catalyzed by which of the following enzymes?
A. Catalase
B. Cytochrome oxidase
C. Nitric oxide synthase
