GEOGRAPHY 8035/2 PAPER 2 CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
PRACTICE SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ Where is Urbanisation happening? What % of the worlds
population lives in urban areas? Answer: It's happening in countries
all over the world - more than 50% of the world's population
currently live in urban areas (3.9 billion people) and this is
increasing every day.
◉ Is the rate of urbanisation the same for rich and poor countries?
Answer: The rate of urbanisation differs between countries that are
richer and those that are poorer.
◉ Why is Urbanisation happening the slowest in HIC's now?
Answer: 1) High Income Countries (HICs) are more economically
developed, e.g. UK, Japan and Germany.
Urbanisation happened earlier in HICs than in LICs and NEEs, e.g.
during the Industrial Revolution, and most of the population now
already live in urban areas.
2) HICs have very slow rates of urban growth, and many people
desiring a better quality of life are moving away from overcrowded
cities to rural areas. Good transport and communication networks
,mean that people in HICs can live in rural areas and commute to
cities, or work from home.
3) Decline of heavy industry in HIC's- Industrial Revolution- massive
influences of people from the countryside into the cities during that
period.
◉ Why is Urbanisation happening the fastest in LICs and NEEs?
Answer: 1) Low Income Countries (LICs) are less economically
developed, e.g. Ethiopia, Nepal and Afghanistan.
Not many of the population in LICs currently live in urban areas. In
general, the fastest rates of
urbanisation in the world are in LICs.
2) Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are those where economic
development is increasing rapidly, e.g. Brazil, China, Russia, India.
The percentage of the population living in urban areas varies.
Some NEEs such as Thailand, Nigeria and China are experiencing
rapid urban growth.
3) More people currently live in rural areas in LIC's= more
opportunity for people to move into the city for work as it is cheaper.
◉ What are the 2 factors urbanisation is caused by? Answer: 1)
Rural-urban migration
,2) Natural increase
◉ What is natural increase? Answer: Natural increase is when the
birth rate is higher than the death rate, i.e. more people are being
born than are dying, so the population grows.
—It's normally young people that move to cities to find work. These
people then have children in the cities, which increases the
proportion of the population living in urban areas. Also, better
healthcare in urban areas means people live longer, again increasing
the proportion of people in urban areas.
◉ What is rural-urban migration? Answer: -Rural-urban migration is
the movement of people from the countryside to the cities.
-The rate of rural-urban migration is affected by push factors and
pull factors. It's usually a combination of push and pull factors that
causes people to migrate.
◉ What are push factors and give examples Answer: Things that
encourage people to leave an area.
- Poor education systems
- Poor/limited healthcare
- Lack of social/leisure opportunities/facilities
, - Lack of job opportunities
- Lower wages
- Crop failure
- Civil war
◉ What are pull factors and give examples. Answer: Things that
encourage people to move into an area.
-Good access to education
- Access to good healthcare
- Good social life
- Higher wages
- Lots of job opportunities
- Better facilities and leisure spaces
- Better living conditions (quality of life)
- Less chance of natural disasters
◉ What is a mega city? Answer: High rates of urbanisation are
leading to the growth of megacities. A megacity is an urban area
with over
10 million people living there, e.g. Mumbai in India.
EVALUATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
PRACTICE SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ Where is Urbanisation happening? What % of the worlds
population lives in urban areas? Answer: It's happening in countries
all over the world - more than 50% of the world's population
currently live in urban areas (3.9 billion people) and this is
increasing every day.
◉ Is the rate of urbanisation the same for rich and poor countries?
Answer: The rate of urbanisation differs between countries that are
richer and those that are poorer.
◉ Why is Urbanisation happening the slowest in HIC's now?
Answer: 1) High Income Countries (HICs) are more economically
developed, e.g. UK, Japan and Germany.
Urbanisation happened earlier in HICs than in LICs and NEEs, e.g.
during the Industrial Revolution, and most of the population now
already live in urban areas.
2) HICs have very slow rates of urban growth, and many people
desiring a better quality of life are moving away from overcrowded
cities to rural areas. Good transport and communication networks
,mean that people in HICs can live in rural areas and commute to
cities, or work from home.
3) Decline of heavy industry in HIC's- Industrial Revolution- massive
influences of people from the countryside into the cities during that
period.
◉ Why is Urbanisation happening the fastest in LICs and NEEs?
Answer: 1) Low Income Countries (LICs) are less economically
developed, e.g. Ethiopia, Nepal and Afghanistan.
Not many of the population in LICs currently live in urban areas. In
general, the fastest rates of
urbanisation in the world are in LICs.
2) Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are those where economic
development is increasing rapidly, e.g. Brazil, China, Russia, India.
The percentage of the population living in urban areas varies.
Some NEEs such as Thailand, Nigeria and China are experiencing
rapid urban growth.
3) More people currently live in rural areas in LIC's= more
opportunity for people to move into the city for work as it is cheaper.
◉ What are the 2 factors urbanisation is caused by? Answer: 1)
Rural-urban migration
,2) Natural increase
◉ What is natural increase? Answer: Natural increase is when the
birth rate is higher than the death rate, i.e. more people are being
born than are dying, so the population grows.
—It's normally young people that move to cities to find work. These
people then have children in the cities, which increases the
proportion of the population living in urban areas. Also, better
healthcare in urban areas means people live longer, again increasing
the proportion of people in urban areas.
◉ What is rural-urban migration? Answer: -Rural-urban migration is
the movement of people from the countryside to the cities.
-The rate of rural-urban migration is affected by push factors and
pull factors. It's usually a combination of push and pull factors that
causes people to migrate.
◉ What are push factors and give examples Answer: Things that
encourage people to leave an area.
- Poor education systems
- Poor/limited healthcare
- Lack of social/leisure opportunities/facilities
, - Lack of job opportunities
- Lower wages
- Crop failure
- Civil war
◉ What are pull factors and give examples. Answer: Things that
encourage people to move into an area.
-Good access to education
- Access to good healthcare
- Good social life
- Higher wages
- Lots of job opportunities
- Better facilities and leisure spaces
- Better living conditions (quality of life)
- Less chance of natural disasters
◉ What is a mega city? Answer: High rates of urbanisation are
leading to the growth of megacities. A megacity is an urban area
with over
10 million people living there, e.g. Mumbai in India.
