GEOL 1340 EXAM 1 ONLINE LYTWYN
CHAPTERS 1-3 FINAL STUDY PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Wegener assembled the continents like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle
into a giant supercontinent called... Answer: Pangea
◉ Weird ice-flow directions of ancient glaciers, as evidenced today
on the continents of South America, Africa, India, and Australia,
make sense if we ... Answer: assemble these continents into a giant
supercontinent
◉ What does NOT constitute evidence for continental drift? Answer:
a cooling, shrinking Earth
◉ What pair of minerals belong to the same mineral group? Answer:
Gypsum and anhydrite
◉ What statement regarding mid-ocean ridges is FALSE? Answer:
Lithospheric plates converge along mid-ocean ridges
,◉ What statement regarding reversals in Earth's magnetic field is
true? Answer: The geomagnetic time scale indicates numerous
reversals in Earth's magnetic field over the last 5 million years
◉ (True/False) Polarity reversals in Earth's magnetic field only
affect the magnetic inclination, but not the declination, of ancient
rocks Answer: False
◉ According to the Rock Cycle, what is the first stage in converting a
metamorphic rock into a sedimentary rock? Answer: uplift and
exposure
◉ What is going on in the following illustration of the earth with a
green and red line that look alike? Answer: magnetization of ancient
rocks point to various pole positions in the past that are artifacts of
continental drift and not because poles actually migrated
◉ What distinguishes the native element minerals from other
mineral groups? Answer: native element minerals are comprised of
only one element
◉ Studies of the ocean floor indicate that oceanic crust varies in age
from place to place. What is true about it? Answer: The youngest
oceanic crust occurs along mid-ocean ridges, the oldest crust within
an ocean basin occurs along the margins of the basin and furthest
,from the mid-ocean ridge, the ages of oceanic crust are truncated at
convergent plate boundaries
◉ Where would you least expect to find active volcanoes? Answer:
transform plate boundary
◉ What constitutes the plates of plate tectonics? Answer: crust and
solid upper portion of the mantle directly above the astenosphere
◉ What is least likely to be a plate boundary? Answer: oceanic hot
spot
◉ What do we know about plate boundaries? Answer: sites of plate
collision and subduction, associated with volcanic arcs and
mountain ranges, boundary where oceanic crust is destroyed
◉ A principle driving force for the movement of lithospheric plates
is ... Answer: mantle convection
◉ Plate tectonics is a process by which lithospheric plates are
created along mid-ocean ridges and afterwards recycled back into
the mantle along _________. Answer: subduction zones
, ◉ With regard to the Wilson Cycle, what is an example of opening of
an ocean basin? Answer: Atlantic Ocean
◉ One way by which continents grow is through addition of igneous
material along _____. Answer: convergent plate boundaries
◉ The following figure illustrates how the root zones of ancient
mountain ranges consisting of igneous and metamorphic rocks
eventually reach the surface. These ancient root zones are most
likely exposed today ... Answer: within the shield areas of craton
◉ What most likely causes a supercontinent to break apart? Answer:
supercontinent prevents heat in the underlying mantle from
escaping, thus generating upwelling mantle plumes that break the
supercontinent apart
◉ _____ stress and strain most likely occur along a divergent plate
boundary. Answer: tensional
◉ Horizontally-layered sedimentary rocks can be folded into arches
called ______ and troughs known as ______. Answer:
anticline/synclines
◉ (True/False) Igneous rocks can bypass the weathering stage and
convert directly into metamorphic rocks Answer: True
CHAPTERS 1-3 FINAL STUDY PAPER 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Wegener assembled the continents like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle
into a giant supercontinent called... Answer: Pangea
◉ Weird ice-flow directions of ancient glaciers, as evidenced today
on the continents of South America, Africa, India, and Australia,
make sense if we ... Answer: assemble these continents into a giant
supercontinent
◉ What does NOT constitute evidence for continental drift? Answer:
a cooling, shrinking Earth
◉ What pair of minerals belong to the same mineral group? Answer:
Gypsum and anhydrite
◉ What statement regarding mid-ocean ridges is FALSE? Answer:
Lithospheric plates converge along mid-ocean ridges
,◉ What statement regarding reversals in Earth's magnetic field is
true? Answer: The geomagnetic time scale indicates numerous
reversals in Earth's magnetic field over the last 5 million years
◉ (True/False) Polarity reversals in Earth's magnetic field only
affect the magnetic inclination, but not the declination, of ancient
rocks Answer: False
◉ According to the Rock Cycle, what is the first stage in converting a
metamorphic rock into a sedimentary rock? Answer: uplift and
exposure
◉ What is going on in the following illustration of the earth with a
green and red line that look alike? Answer: magnetization of ancient
rocks point to various pole positions in the past that are artifacts of
continental drift and not because poles actually migrated
◉ What distinguishes the native element minerals from other
mineral groups? Answer: native element minerals are comprised of
only one element
◉ Studies of the ocean floor indicate that oceanic crust varies in age
from place to place. What is true about it? Answer: The youngest
oceanic crust occurs along mid-ocean ridges, the oldest crust within
an ocean basin occurs along the margins of the basin and furthest
,from the mid-ocean ridge, the ages of oceanic crust are truncated at
convergent plate boundaries
◉ Where would you least expect to find active volcanoes? Answer:
transform plate boundary
◉ What constitutes the plates of plate tectonics? Answer: crust and
solid upper portion of the mantle directly above the astenosphere
◉ What is least likely to be a plate boundary? Answer: oceanic hot
spot
◉ What do we know about plate boundaries? Answer: sites of plate
collision and subduction, associated with volcanic arcs and
mountain ranges, boundary where oceanic crust is destroyed
◉ A principle driving force for the movement of lithospheric plates
is ... Answer: mantle convection
◉ Plate tectonics is a process by which lithospheric plates are
created along mid-ocean ridges and afterwards recycled back into
the mantle along _________. Answer: subduction zones
, ◉ With regard to the Wilson Cycle, what is an example of opening of
an ocean basin? Answer: Atlantic Ocean
◉ One way by which continents grow is through addition of igneous
material along _____. Answer: convergent plate boundaries
◉ The following figure illustrates how the root zones of ancient
mountain ranges consisting of igneous and metamorphic rocks
eventually reach the surface. These ancient root zones are most
likely exposed today ... Answer: within the shield areas of craton
◉ What most likely causes a supercontinent to break apart? Answer:
supercontinent prevents heat in the underlying mantle from
escaping, thus generating upwelling mantle plumes that break the
supercontinent apart
◉ _____ stress and strain most likely occur along a divergent plate
boundary. Answer: tensional
◉ Horizontally-layered sedimentary rocks can be folded into arches
called ______ and troughs known as ______. Answer:
anticline/synclines
◉ (True/False) Igneous rocks can bypass the weathering stage and
convert directly into metamorphic rocks Answer: True
