ANPH 1002 FINAL EXAM Questions and
Answers 100% Solved
1. Which structure is known as the "voice box" and contains the vocal cords?
A. Pharynx
B. Larynx
C. Trachea
D. Bronchi
Answer: B. Larynx
Rationale: The larynx is the cartilaginous structure that connects the pharynx to the
trachea and houses the vocal folds responsible for sound production.
2. The trachea is located __________ to the esophagus.
A. Posterior
B. Superior
C. Anterior
D. Lateral
Answer: C. Anterior
Rationale: In the anatomical position, the trachea lies directly in front of (anterior to) the
esophagus.
3. How many lobes does the right lung have compared to the left lung?
A. Right: 2; Left: 3
B. Right: 3; Left: 2
C. Right: 2; Left: 2
D. Right: 3; Left: 3
Answer: B. Right: 3; Left: 2
Rationale: The right lung is larger and divided into superior, middle, and inferior lobes,
while the left lung has only two lobes to accommodate the heart.
4. Which condition is common in premature infants due to a lack of surfactant?
A. Pertussis
B. Hyaline Membrane Disease
, C. Emphysema
D. Pneumonia
Answer: B. Hyaline Membrane Disease
Rationale: Also known as Respiratory Distress Syndrome, this occurs when infant lungs
haven't produced enough surfactant to keep alveoli open.
5. What is the primary functional unit of the lung where gas exchange occurs?
A. Bronchioles
B. Alveoli
C. Trachea
D. Pleura
Answer: B. Alveoli
Rationale: Alveoli are tiny air sacs that provide the surface area necessary for the
diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Section 2: Cardiovascular & Blood System
6. Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
A. Left Atrium
B. Left Ventricle
C. Right Atrium
D. Right Ventricle
Answer: C. Right Atrium
Rationale: Deoxygenated blood returns from the systemic circulation via the superior
and inferior vena cava into the right atrium.
7. The "pacemaker" of the heart is officially known as the:
A. AV Node
B. Bundle of His
C. SA Node
D. Purkinje Fibers
Answer: C. SA Node
Rationale: The Sinoatrial (SA) node initiates the electrical impulse that sets the heart
rate.
8. Which blood component is primarily responsible for the clotting mechanism?
A. Erythrocytes
B. Leukocytes
C. Thrombocytes (Platelets)
, D. Plasma
Answer: C. Thrombocytes (Platelets)
Rationale: Platelets adhere to damaged vessel walls and release chemicals to initiate
the formation of a blood clot.
9. Which type of vessel carries blood away from the heart?
A. Veins
B. Venules
C. Arteries
D. Capillaries
Answer: C. Arteries
Rationale: Arteries carry blood under high pressure away from the heart to the rest of
the body.
10. The thick muscular layer of the heart wall is the:
A. Epicardium
B. Endocardium
C. Myocardium
D. Pericardium
Answer: C. Myocardium
Rationale: The myocardium is the middle, contractile layer of the heart composed of
cardiac muscle tissue.
Section 3: Digestive System
11. Which organ produces bile?
A. Gallbladder
B. Pancreas
C. Liver
D. Stomach
Answer: C. Liver
Rationale: The liver synthesizes bile, which is then stored and concentrated in the
gallbladder.
12. What is the name of the wave-like muscular contractions that move food through
the GI tract?
A. Mastication
B. Peristalsis
C. Segmental contraction
Answers 100% Solved
1. Which structure is known as the "voice box" and contains the vocal cords?
A. Pharynx
B. Larynx
C. Trachea
D. Bronchi
Answer: B. Larynx
Rationale: The larynx is the cartilaginous structure that connects the pharynx to the
trachea and houses the vocal folds responsible for sound production.
2. The trachea is located __________ to the esophagus.
A. Posterior
B. Superior
C. Anterior
D. Lateral
Answer: C. Anterior
Rationale: In the anatomical position, the trachea lies directly in front of (anterior to) the
esophagus.
3. How many lobes does the right lung have compared to the left lung?
A. Right: 2; Left: 3
B. Right: 3; Left: 2
C. Right: 2; Left: 2
D. Right: 3; Left: 3
Answer: B. Right: 3; Left: 2
Rationale: The right lung is larger and divided into superior, middle, and inferior lobes,
while the left lung has only two lobes to accommodate the heart.
4. Which condition is common in premature infants due to a lack of surfactant?
A. Pertussis
B. Hyaline Membrane Disease
, C. Emphysema
D. Pneumonia
Answer: B. Hyaline Membrane Disease
Rationale: Also known as Respiratory Distress Syndrome, this occurs when infant lungs
haven't produced enough surfactant to keep alveoli open.
5. What is the primary functional unit of the lung where gas exchange occurs?
A. Bronchioles
B. Alveoli
C. Trachea
D. Pleura
Answer: B. Alveoli
Rationale: Alveoli are tiny air sacs that provide the surface area necessary for the
diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Section 2: Cardiovascular & Blood System
6. Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
A. Left Atrium
B. Left Ventricle
C. Right Atrium
D. Right Ventricle
Answer: C. Right Atrium
Rationale: Deoxygenated blood returns from the systemic circulation via the superior
and inferior vena cava into the right atrium.
7. The "pacemaker" of the heart is officially known as the:
A. AV Node
B. Bundle of His
C. SA Node
D. Purkinje Fibers
Answer: C. SA Node
Rationale: The Sinoatrial (SA) node initiates the electrical impulse that sets the heart
rate.
8. Which blood component is primarily responsible for the clotting mechanism?
A. Erythrocytes
B. Leukocytes
C. Thrombocytes (Platelets)
, D. Plasma
Answer: C. Thrombocytes (Platelets)
Rationale: Platelets adhere to damaged vessel walls and release chemicals to initiate
the formation of a blood clot.
9. Which type of vessel carries blood away from the heart?
A. Veins
B. Venules
C. Arteries
D. Capillaries
Answer: C. Arteries
Rationale: Arteries carry blood under high pressure away from the heart to the rest of
the body.
10. The thick muscular layer of the heart wall is the:
A. Epicardium
B. Endocardium
C. Myocardium
D. Pericardium
Answer: C. Myocardium
Rationale: The myocardium is the middle, contractile layer of the heart composed of
cardiac muscle tissue.
Section 3: Digestive System
11. Which organ produces bile?
A. Gallbladder
B. Pancreas
C. Liver
D. Stomach
Answer: C. Liver
Rationale: The liver synthesizes bile, which is then stored and concentrated in the
gallbladder.
12. What is the name of the wave-like muscular contractions that move food through
the GI tract?
A. Mastication
B. Peristalsis
C. Segmental contraction
