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Exam (elaborations)

Study Guide - RD Exam – MNT Questions and Answers Updated 2026

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Study Guide - RD Exam – MNT Questions and Answers Updated 2026

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Course
CDR

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Study Guide - RD
Exam – MNT
Questions and
Answers Updated
2026
HowBdoBtheBkidneysBcompensateBforBrespiratoryBacidosis?B-
BAnswerTheBkidneysBconserveBmoreBbicarbonate



HowBisBtheBRQBcalculated?B-BAnswerCO2BproducedBdividedBbyBO2Bconsumed



RQB=BCO2Bproduced/O2Bconsumed



IsBglutamineBanBessentialBorBnon-essentialBaminoBacid?B-BAnswerNon-
essentialBAABthatBcanBbecomeBessentialBinBtimesBofBstress.



WhatBisBtheBRQBforBeachBofBtheBmacronutrients?B-BAnswerRQBofBCHOB=B1.0,B

RQBofBaBmixedBdietB=B0.85,

RQBofBproteinB=B0.82,

RQBofBfatB=B0.7



ABhighBCO2BandBlowBpHBindicatesBwhatBcondition?B-BAnswerrespiratoryBacidosis

,WhatBtypeBofBproteinBhasBtheBmostBinfluenceBonBtheBrenalBsoluteBloadB(RSL)?B-
BAnswerCaseinate



WhatBnutrientsBincreaseBaBpatient'sBrenalBsoluteBloadB(RSL)?B-
BAnswerproteinB&Bsodium



WhatBvitaminBsupplementBwouldBnotBbeBrecommendedBtoBaBpatientBwithBESRD?B-
BAnswerVitaminBA;BtheBbodyBstoresBexcessiveBvitaminBABinBtheBuremicBstate



WhatBisBtheBnormalBglomerularBfiltrationBrate?B-BAnswer125BmL/min



ABpatientBwithBchronicBrenalBfailureBwithBaBGFRBofB30BmL/minBwouldBrequireBwhatB
proteinBrecommendation?B-BAnswerConservative;B0.6-0.8Bg/kgBbodyweightBprotein



OliguriaBisBdefinedBasBaBurineBoutputBofB______.B-
BAnswerLessBthanB500Bcc/24Bhours



HowBmuchBwaterBisBexcretedBperBdayBbyBtheBaverageBadult?B-BAnswer2BLiters



WhatBlabBvalueBwillBdictateBtheBtotalBlevelBofBproteinBinBaBpatientBwithBchronicBren
alBfailure?B-BAnswerTheBdecreasingBGFR



WhichBhormoneBisBresponsibleBforBrabsorptionBofBsodiumBbyBtheBkidneysBtherebyBco
ntrollingBbloodBpressure?B-BAnswerAldosterone



InBkidneyBdisease,BcalciumBabsorptionBisBdecreasedBbecauseB...B-
BAnswerDecreasedBactiveBvitaminBDBformation



WhatBdietaryBfactorBhasBtheBgreatestBeffectBonBbloodBlipidBlevels?B-
BAnswerSaturatedBFat

, WhatBisBtheBmostBinfluentialBriskBfactorBcontributingBtoBhypertension?B-
BAnswerObesity;BweightBcontrolBisBtheBmostBimportantBfactorBinBtheBcontrolBofBhype
rtension.



IdentifyBoneBgroupBofBfoodsBthatBshouldBbeBavoidedBonBaBlow-sodiumBdiet.B-
BAnswerProcessedBmeats



NameBaBknownBvasopressorBthatBcanBexacerbateBhypertension.B-
BAnswerAlcoholBisBaBprovenBvasopressor;BlowBalcoholBintakeBhasBbeenBprovenBtoBde
creaseBhypertension.



WhatBisBtheBprimaryBgoalBofBnutritionBinterventionBforBDM?B-
BAnswerNormalizeBBGBlevels



WhichBisBmoreBimportantBinBtheBcontrolBofBhypertension:BsodiumBreductionBorBweig
htBcontrol?B-BAnswerWeightBcontrolBisBtheBmostBimportantBfactor



IfBanBRDBwantsBtoBknowBifBtheBdietBforBaBnewlyBdiagnosedBdiabeticBisBappropriate,B
sheBshouldBrequestBwhatBlabBvalueBfromBtheBMD?B-
BAnswerTheBkeyBisB"newlyBdiagnosed";Bthus,BoneBwouldBexpectBelevatedBHgbA1C,Bsin
ceBitBreflectsBtheBlastB2-4Bmonths.B



RequestBaBserumBglucoseBforBrecentBchanges.



DescribeBtheBnormalBglucoseBcurve.B-
BAnswerTheBcurveBwillBstartBoutBfasting,BpeakBwithinB30BminBtoB1BhrB(140-
200Bmg/dL),BandBthenBreturnBtoBnormalBinB2-3Bhours



NameB3BgoalsBforBtheBnutritionalBmanagementBofBtheBT2DM.B-
BAnswerModerateBweightBloss;BdecreasedBfastingBBG;BreducedBneedBforBoralBhypoglyc
emicBagents.
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