Exam 1 Material QUESTIONS WITH WELL VERIFIED
ANSWERS
steady state - answer☑️✔️..inputs of matter and energy equal the outputs
equilibrium - answer☑️✔️..lowest free energy state of a system
control - answer☑️✔️..direct manipulation of a variable
regulation - answer☑️✔️..achievement of an end result
negative feedback - answer☑️✔️..responds to altered output by restoring itself to initial set
point
positive feedback - answer☑️✔️..responds to altered output by moving variables further from
initial set point
feed-forward - answer☑️✔️..anticipation of changes to act before alterations begin
body heat is produced by: - answer☑️✔️..metabolism, food intake, muscular activity
body heat is lost by: - answer☑️✔️..convection, radiation, and conduction (70%), evaporation
of sweat (27%), respiration (2%), urination/defecation (1%)
radiation - answer☑️✔️..transfer of heat to and from the skin by electromagnetic waves
, conduction - answer☑️✔️..intermolecular thermal heat transfer b/w skin and air
convection - answer☑️✔️..loss or gain of heat by the movement of air/water over the skin
What is temp regulated by? - answer☑️✔️..hypothalamus
cold-activated mechanisms - answer☑️✔️..increased: shivering, hunger, voluntary activity,
secretion of norepinephrine/epinephrine, horripilation
heat-activated mechanisms - answer☑️✔️..increased: respiration, apathy, inertia, sweating,
anorexia
permeability of gas molecules - answer☑️✔️..freely permeable
permeability of small, uncharged molecules - answer☑️✔️..freely permeable
permeability of large, charged molecules - answer☑️✔️..not freely permeable
diffusion - answer☑️✔️..movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
concentration gradient - answer☑️✔️..driving force for diffusion
passive transport - answer☑️✔️..simple or facilitated diffusion
active transport - answer☑️✔️..requires ATP
ANSWERS
steady state - answer☑️✔️..inputs of matter and energy equal the outputs
equilibrium - answer☑️✔️..lowest free energy state of a system
control - answer☑️✔️..direct manipulation of a variable
regulation - answer☑️✔️..achievement of an end result
negative feedback - answer☑️✔️..responds to altered output by restoring itself to initial set
point
positive feedback - answer☑️✔️..responds to altered output by moving variables further from
initial set point
feed-forward - answer☑️✔️..anticipation of changes to act before alterations begin
body heat is produced by: - answer☑️✔️..metabolism, food intake, muscular activity
body heat is lost by: - answer☑️✔️..convection, radiation, and conduction (70%), evaporation
of sweat (27%), respiration (2%), urination/defecation (1%)
radiation - answer☑️✔️..transfer of heat to and from the skin by electromagnetic waves
, conduction - answer☑️✔️..intermolecular thermal heat transfer b/w skin and air
convection - answer☑️✔️..loss or gain of heat by the movement of air/water over the skin
What is temp regulated by? - answer☑️✔️..hypothalamus
cold-activated mechanisms - answer☑️✔️..increased: shivering, hunger, voluntary activity,
secretion of norepinephrine/epinephrine, horripilation
heat-activated mechanisms - answer☑️✔️..increased: respiration, apathy, inertia, sweating,
anorexia
permeability of gas molecules - answer☑️✔️..freely permeable
permeability of small, uncharged molecules - answer☑️✔️..freely permeable
permeability of large, charged molecules - answer☑️✔️..not freely permeable
diffusion - answer☑️✔️..movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration
concentration gradient - answer☑️✔️..driving force for diffusion
passive transport - answer☑️✔️..simple or facilitated diffusion
active transport - answer☑️✔️..requires ATP
