WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉Monitoring for Naloxone Administration. Answer: Monitor vital
signs especially BP and HR, have oxygen and resuscitation
equipment ready, anticipate acute withdrawal for clients with opioid
dependence.
◉Administration Frequency for Naloxone. Answer: Prepare to
administer every 2-3 minutes until reversal.
◉Signs of Opioid Reversal. Answer: Observe for nausea/vomiting,
tachycardia, and diaphoresis.
◉Related Medications to Naloxone. Answer: Naltrexone (alcohol or
narcotic dependence), methadone (opioid use disorder).
◉Adverse Effects of Naloxone. Answer: Nausea, vomiting, sweating,
tachycardia, hypertension, tremulousness, feelings of anxiety.
◉Potential Risks of Opioid Withdrawal. Answer: Abstinence
syndrome HTN (can cause high blood pressure in a person who
stops using substances).
,◉Ventricular Arrhythmias. Answer: Can occur as a result of opioid
withdrawal.
◉Opioid Agonist-Antagonist. Answer: Butorphanol
◉Indications. Answer: Treats moderate to severe pain.
◉Method of action. Answer: Agonist at kappa opioid receptors:
provides analgesia and sedation. Partial agonist/antagonist at mu
receptors, weaker effect at mu receptors compared to full agonist.
◉Contraindications. Answer: Respiratory depression, alcoholism, or
opioid dependence patients.
◉Interactions. Answer: CNS depressants (benzos, alcohol, etc.),
muscle relaxants, anticholinergic agents, anti-hypertensives.
◉Common side effects. Answer: Sedation, dizziness, drowsiness,
nausea and vomiting, constipation.
◉Serious side effects. Answer: Respiratory depression (though less
than full agonists), bradycardia or hypotension.
, ◉Client instructions. Answer: Take medications as prescribed, avoid
alcohol, increase fiber, stool softener, push po fluids, avoid driving,
operating machinery.
◉Monitoring. Answer: Monitor for physical dependence, addiction,
respiratory depression, cross tolerance and diversion.
◉Administration. Answer: Administer 30-60 minutes prior to
painful activity.
◉Opioid Agonist (ish). Answer: Tramadol
◉Tramadol method of action. Answer: Weak mu-opioid receptor
agonist, provides analgesia, but weaker than traditional opioids.
◉Tramadol potency. Answer: About 1/10th of the potency of
morphine.
◉Tramadol classification. Answer: Centrally acting synthetic opioid
analgesic and SNRI (serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake-inhibitor).
◉Tramadol risk factors. Answer: Verify all opioids the patient is
taking, assess for duplicate therapy, review for drug interactions,
identify risk factors.