NURS 334 EXAM 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉Indications for Morphine. Answer: Moderate to severe acute and
chronic pain, acute myocardial infarction pain management,
preoperative sedation, pulmonary edema (reduces preload/anxiety).
◉Routes of Administration for Morphine. Answer: PO, IM, SC, IV,
epidural and intrathecal.
◉CNS Depression Effects of Morphine. Answer: Dizziness, sedation,
respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, constipation, itching
(due to release of histamines), orthostatic hypotension.
◉Action of Morphine. Answer: Binds to mu-opioid receptors in the
CNS, causes analgesia, sedation, and euphoria, reduces respiratory
rate via action in the medulla, causes blood vessel dilation and
smooth muscle relaxation.
◉Client Instructions for Morphine. Answer: Take the drug only
when needed and short-term, cough regularly to clear secretions, do
not take prior to driving or activities requiring mental alertness, sit
or lie down if dizzy, change position gradually, rise slowly from
,reclined or sitting position, take with food or milk, increase fluid and
fiber intake, increase exercise, report inability or difficulty to
urinate.
◉Interventions for Morphine. Answer: Stool softener, fiber
supplements, monitor bowel function, methylnaltrexone (opioid
antagonist) to treat constipation in dependent patients, monitor
vitals, monitor for tolerance/dependence and withdrawal, urinary
retention, monitor I&O, encourage to urinate every 4 hours, may
need to enter catheter, monitor vital signs, administer naloxone,
provide mechanical ventilation with toxicity, monitor BP, administer
an antiemetic for nausea/vomiting.
◉Black Box Warning for Morphine. Answer: Respiratory
dysfunction, COPD, risk for abuse and dependence, restricted use in
pediatrics.
◉Withdrawal Symptoms of Morphine. Answer: Tremors, agitation,
vomiting, emotionally labile.
◉Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS). Answer: Used to assess
withdrawal symptoms.
◉Narcotic Antagonist. Answer: Naloxone (Narcan)
, ◉Indications for Naloxone. Answer: Antidote for opioid/narcotic
overdose.
◉Effects of Naloxone. Answer: Reverses the effects of opioids
including respiratory depression, sedation, psychomimetic effects,
and hypotension.
◉Withdrawal Symptoms from Naloxone. Answer: Agitation, nausea,
vomiting, sweating, fast heartbeat.
◉Monitoring for Naloxone Administration. Answer: Monitor vital
signs especially BP and HR, have oxygen and resuscitation
equipment ready, anticipate acute withdrawal for clients with opioid
dependence.
◉Administration Frequency for Naloxone. Answer: Prepare to
administer every 2-3 minutes until reversal.
◉Signs of Opioid Reversal. Answer: Observe for nausea/vomiting,
tachycardia, and diaphoresis.
◉Related Medications to Naloxone. Answer: Naltrexone (alcohol or
narcotic dependence), methadone (opioid use disorder).
STUDY GUIDE WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉Indications for Morphine. Answer: Moderate to severe acute and
chronic pain, acute myocardial infarction pain management,
preoperative sedation, pulmonary edema (reduces preload/anxiety).
◉Routes of Administration for Morphine. Answer: PO, IM, SC, IV,
epidural and intrathecal.
◉CNS Depression Effects of Morphine. Answer: Dizziness, sedation,
respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, constipation, itching
(due to release of histamines), orthostatic hypotension.
◉Action of Morphine. Answer: Binds to mu-opioid receptors in the
CNS, causes analgesia, sedation, and euphoria, reduces respiratory
rate via action in the medulla, causes blood vessel dilation and
smooth muscle relaxation.
◉Client Instructions for Morphine. Answer: Take the drug only
when needed and short-term, cough regularly to clear secretions, do
not take prior to driving or activities requiring mental alertness, sit
or lie down if dizzy, change position gradually, rise slowly from
,reclined or sitting position, take with food or milk, increase fluid and
fiber intake, increase exercise, report inability or difficulty to
urinate.
◉Interventions for Morphine. Answer: Stool softener, fiber
supplements, monitor bowel function, methylnaltrexone (opioid
antagonist) to treat constipation in dependent patients, monitor
vitals, monitor for tolerance/dependence and withdrawal, urinary
retention, monitor I&O, encourage to urinate every 4 hours, may
need to enter catheter, monitor vital signs, administer naloxone,
provide mechanical ventilation with toxicity, monitor BP, administer
an antiemetic for nausea/vomiting.
◉Black Box Warning for Morphine. Answer: Respiratory
dysfunction, COPD, risk for abuse and dependence, restricted use in
pediatrics.
◉Withdrawal Symptoms of Morphine. Answer: Tremors, agitation,
vomiting, emotionally labile.
◉Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS). Answer: Used to assess
withdrawal symptoms.
◉Narcotic Antagonist. Answer: Naloxone (Narcan)
, ◉Indications for Naloxone. Answer: Antidote for opioid/narcotic
overdose.
◉Effects of Naloxone. Answer: Reverses the effects of opioids
including respiratory depression, sedation, psychomimetic effects,
and hypotension.
◉Withdrawal Symptoms from Naloxone. Answer: Agitation, nausea,
vomiting, sweating, fast heartbeat.
◉Monitoring for Naloxone Administration. Answer: Monitor vital
signs especially BP and HR, have oxygen and resuscitation
equipment ready, anticipate acute withdrawal for clients with opioid
dependence.
◉Administration Frequency for Naloxone. Answer: Prepare to
administer every 2-3 minutes until reversal.
◉Signs of Opioid Reversal. Answer: Observe for nausea/vomiting,
tachycardia, and diaphoresis.
◉Related Medications to Naloxone. Answer: Naltrexone (alcohol or
narcotic dependence), methadone (opioid use disorder).
