Endocrine Disorders Exam
Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2025/2026
Q&A
1. Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary to stimulate
thyroid hormone production?
A) Cortisol
B) Growth Hormone
C) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
D) Prolactin
TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4, regulating
metabolism.
2. A patient with exophthalmos, heat intolerance, and weight loss
most likely has:
A) Hypothyroidism
B) Addison’s disease
C) Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease)
D) Cushing’s syndrome
Graves’ disease causes hyperthyroidism, leading to increased
metabolism and characteristic eye changes.
,3. Which lab finding confirms primary hypothyroidism?
A) High T3, high T4
B) Low TSH, high T4
C) High TSH, low T4
D) Low TSH, low T4
In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland fails to produce
sufficient hormones, leading to elevated TSH from the pituitary.
4. A patient with polydipsia, polyuria, and hypernatremia is most
likely experiencing:
A) SIADH
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Diabetes insipidus
D) Addison’s disease
Diabetes insipidus is caused by ADH deficiency, leading to water loss
and hypernatremia.
5. Which condition is characterized by moon face, buffalo hump,
and truncal obesity?
A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Addison’s disease
C) Cushing’s syndrome
D) Acromegaly
Cushing’s syndrome results from chronic cortisol excess, producing
these characteristic features.
6. The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is:
, A) Vitamin D deficiency
B) Chronic kidney disease
C) Parathyroid adenoma
D) Hypocalcemia
A parathyroid adenoma autonomously secretes PTH, leading to
hypercalcemia.
7. Which electrolyte imbalance is typical in Addison’s disease?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypophosphatemia
Adrenal insufficiency reduces aldosterone, leading to sodium loss and
hyponatremia.
8. A patient with rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and diarrhea likely
has:
A) Hypothyroidism
B) Cushing’s syndrome
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Pheochromocytoma
Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism, heart rate, and
gastrointestinal motility.
9. The classic symptom triad of diabetes mellitus includes:
A) Fatigue, hypotension, bradycardia
B) Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2025/2026
Q&A
1. Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary to stimulate
thyroid hormone production?
A) Cortisol
B) Growth Hormone
C) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
D) Prolactin
TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4, regulating
metabolism.
2. A patient with exophthalmos, heat intolerance, and weight loss
most likely has:
A) Hypothyroidism
B) Addison’s disease
C) Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease)
D) Cushing’s syndrome
Graves’ disease causes hyperthyroidism, leading to increased
metabolism and characteristic eye changes.
,3. Which lab finding confirms primary hypothyroidism?
A) High T3, high T4
B) Low TSH, high T4
C) High TSH, low T4
D) Low TSH, low T4
In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland fails to produce
sufficient hormones, leading to elevated TSH from the pituitary.
4. A patient with polydipsia, polyuria, and hypernatremia is most
likely experiencing:
A) SIADH
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Diabetes insipidus
D) Addison’s disease
Diabetes insipidus is caused by ADH deficiency, leading to water loss
and hypernatremia.
5. Which condition is characterized by moon face, buffalo hump,
and truncal obesity?
A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Addison’s disease
C) Cushing’s syndrome
D) Acromegaly
Cushing’s syndrome results from chronic cortisol excess, producing
these characteristic features.
6. The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is:
, A) Vitamin D deficiency
B) Chronic kidney disease
C) Parathyroid adenoma
D) Hypocalcemia
A parathyroid adenoma autonomously secretes PTH, leading to
hypercalcemia.
7. Which electrolyte imbalance is typical in Addison’s disease?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypophosphatemia
Adrenal insufficiency reduces aldosterone, leading to sodium loss and
hyponatremia.
8. A patient with rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and diarrhea likely
has:
A) Hypothyroidism
B) Cushing’s syndrome
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Pheochromocytoma
Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism, heart rate, and
gastrointestinal motility.
9. The classic symptom triad of diabetes mellitus includes:
A) Fatigue, hypotension, bradycardia
B) Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
