Neurological Disorders Exam
Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2025/2026
Q&A
1. Which neurotransmitter is primarily deficient in Parkinson’s
disease?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Serotonin
C. Dopamine
D. GABA
Parkinson’s disease is characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic
neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to decreased dopamine
levels.
2. The hallmark feature of multiple sclerosis (MS) is:
A. Neurofibrillary tangles
B. Demyelination in the CNS
C. Peripheral nerve degeneration
D. Amyloid plaque formation
MS is an autoimmune disorder targeting myelin in the central
nervous system.
3. Which of the following is a common symptom of a stroke
affecting the left hemisphere?
,A. Left-sided hemiplegia
B. Right-sided hemiplegia
C. Loss of balance
D. Visual hallucinations
The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body, so a lesion
here produces contralateral weakness.
4. Which diagnostic test is most sensitive for detecting acute
ischemic stroke?
A. CT scan without contrast
B. X-ray
C. MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging
D. EEG
MRI DWI can detect ischemic changes within minutes, making it the
most sensitive test.
5. A 30-year-old presents with sudden, brief, severe facial pain
triggered by chewing. The likely diagnosis is:
A. Migraine
B. Tension headache
C. Trigeminal neuralgia
D. Cluster headache
Trigeminal neuralgia causes paroxysms of sharp facial pain along the
trigeminal nerve distribution.
6. Which condition is characterized by progressive muscle weakness
starting in distal muscles?
A. Myasthenia gravis
B. Guillain-Barré syndrome
C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
D. Multiple sclerosis
ALS affects both upper and lower motor neurons, often beginning
with distal limb weakness.
, 7. In Alzheimer’s disease, the accumulation of which protein is
primarily responsible for neuronal damage?
A. Alpha-synuclein
B. Beta-amyloid
C. Tau exclusively
D. Prions
Beta-amyloid plaques disrupt neuronal communication and trigger
inflammation.
8. A patient has resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. The most
likely diagnosis is:
A. Huntington’s disease
B. Multiple sclerosis
C. Parkinson’s disease
D. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
These are classic motor features of Parkinson’s disease.
9. Which cranial nerve is affected in Bell’s palsy?
A. Trigeminal (V)
B. Facial (VII)
C. Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D. Vagus (X)
Bell’s palsy is idiopathic facial nerve paralysis causing unilateral facial
weakness.
10. Huntington’s disease is caused by:
A. Autosomal recessive mutation
B. Autosomal dominant CAG repeat expansion
C. X-linked mutation
D. Mitochondrial inheritance
Huntington’s disease results from an expanded CAG trinucleotide
repeat on chromosome 4.
11. Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of a migraine?
Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2025/2026
Q&A
1. Which neurotransmitter is primarily deficient in Parkinson’s
disease?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Serotonin
C. Dopamine
D. GABA
Parkinson’s disease is characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic
neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to decreased dopamine
levels.
2. The hallmark feature of multiple sclerosis (MS) is:
A. Neurofibrillary tangles
B. Demyelination in the CNS
C. Peripheral nerve degeneration
D. Amyloid plaque formation
MS is an autoimmune disorder targeting myelin in the central
nervous system.
3. Which of the following is a common symptom of a stroke
affecting the left hemisphere?
,A. Left-sided hemiplegia
B. Right-sided hemiplegia
C. Loss of balance
D. Visual hallucinations
The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body, so a lesion
here produces contralateral weakness.
4. Which diagnostic test is most sensitive for detecting acute
ischemic stroke?
A. CT scan without contrast
B. X-ray
C. MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging
D. EEG
MRI DWI can detect ischemic changes within minutes, making it the
most sensitive test.
5. A 30-year-old presents with sudden, brief, severe facial pain
triggered by chewing. The likely diagnosis is:
A. Migraine
B. Tension headache
C. Trigeminal neuralgia
D. Cluster headache
Trigeminal neuralgia causes paroxysms of sharp facial pain along the
trigeminal nerve distribution.
6. Which condition is characterized by progressive muscle weakness
starting in distal muscles?
A. Myasthenia gravis
B. Guillain-Barré syndrome
C. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
D. Multiple sclerosis
ALS affects both upper and lower motor neurons, often beginning
with distal limb weakness.
, 7. In Alzheimer’s disease, the accumulation of which protein is
primarily responsible for neuronal damage?
A. Alpha-synuclein
B. Beta-amyloid
C. Tau exclusively
D. Prions
Beta-amyloid plaques disrupt neuronal communication and trigger
inflammation.
8. A patient has resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. The most
likely diagnosis is:
A. Huntington’s disease
B. Multiple sclerosis
C. Parkinson’s disease
D. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
These are classic motor features of Parkinson’s disease.
9. Which cranial nerve is affected in Bell’s palsy?
A. Trigeminal (V)
B. Facial (VII)
C. Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D. Vagus (X)
Bell’s palsy is idiopathic facial nerve paralysis causing unilateral facial
weakness.
10. Huntington’s disease is caused by:
A. Autosomal recessive mutation
B. Autosomal dominant CAG repeat expansion
C. X-linked mutation
D. Mitochondrial inheritance
Huntington’s disease results from an expanded CAG trinucleotide
repeat on chromosome 4.
11. Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of a migraine?
