PNB 2265
PNB 2265 Exam 3 |Questions and
Answers| 2026 Update
Integrated meal response
path of food from mouth to rectum
Integrated meal response phases
cephalic
gastric
intestinal
colonic
Two parts of GI tract
alimentary canal
accessory organs
Alimentary canal
mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestines
large intestines
rectum
PNB 2265
,PNB 2265
Accessory organs of GI trac
salivary glands
liver
pancreas
gallbladder
Peritoneum
serous membrane that surrounds GI system that is different from others bc it folds
in on itself and btwn the folds are fat deposits
-made of parietal and visceral with peritoneal fluid between
Parietal peritoneum
layer of serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity
Visceral peritoneum
layer of serous membrane that covers the surface of organs
Order of tissue layers in GI tract (wall to lumen)
serosa
muscularis
PNB 2265
,PNB 2265
submucosa
mucosa
Serosa
outer layer of tube that is connective tissue wrapper that holds things together,
protects them, and is site of attachment
Muscularis externa
smooth muscle layer that has two layers, one longitudinal outer layer and one
circular inner layer with a myenteric plexis layer btwn
Muscularis externa layers (lumen to outer)
circular layer
myenteric plexis
Longitudinal layer
Myenteric plexis
nerve tissue layer btwn the layers of the muscularis externa that controls smooth
muscle contraction and is under involuntary control by parasympathetic
stimulation
Longitudinal layer muscularis externa
PNB 2265
, PNB 2265
outer layer that gives you contractions that will make the tube shorter or longer
(controls length)
Circular layer muscularis externa
inner layer that controls radius of the tube
Submucosa
loose connective tissue that binds things together. Has large blood vessels, large
lymphatic vessels (galt), and nerves
Galt
submucosa (gut) associated lymphatic tissue that has a lot of immune cells since
this is a point of entry for pathogens
Mucosa layers
muscularis mucosae
lamino propria
epithelium layer
Muscularis mucosae
mucosa layer that is the muscle part that shapes the surface of the mucosal layer
PNB 2265
PNB 2265 Exam 3 |Questions and
Answers| 2026 Update
Integrated meal response
path of food from mouth to rectum
Integrated meal response phases
cephalic
gastric
intestinal
colonic
Two parts of GI tract
alimentary canal
accessory organs
Alimentary canal
mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestines
large intestines
rectum
PNB 2265
,PNB 2265
Accessory organs of GI trac
salivary glands
liver
pancreas
gallbladder
Peritoneum
serous membrane that surrounds GI system that is different from others bc it folds
in on itself and btwn the folds are fat deposits
-made of parietal and visceral with peritoneal fluid between
Parietal peritoneum
layer of serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity
Visceral peritoneum
layer of serous membrane that covers the surface of organs
Order of tissue layers in GI tract (wall to lumen)
serosa
muscularis
PNB 2265
,PNB 2265
submucosa
mucosa
Serosa
outer layer of tube that is connective tissue wrapper that holds things together,
protects them, and is site of attachment
Muscularis externa
smooth muscle layer that has two layers, one longitudinal outer layer and one
circular inner layer with a myenteric plexis layer btwn
Muscularis externa layers (lumen to outer)
circular layer
myenteric plexis
Longitudinal layer
Myenteric plexis
nerve tissue layer btwn the layers of the muscularis externa that controls smooth
muscle contraction and is under involuntary control by parasympathetic
stimulation
Longitudinal layer muscularis externa
PNB 2265
, PNB 2265
outer layer that gives you contractions that will make the tube shorter or longer
(controls length)
Circular layer muscularis externa
inner layer that controls radius of the tube
Submucosa
loose connective tissue that binds things together. Has large blood vessels, large
lymphatic vessels (galt), and nerves
Galt
submucosa (gut) associated lymphatic tissue that has a lot of immune cells since
this is a point of entry for pathogens
Mucosa layers
muscularis mucosae
lamino propria
epithelium layer
Muscularis mucosae
mucosa layer that is the muscle part that shapes the surface of the mucosal layer
PNB 2265
