Chapter 7 study guide based on Anatomy and Physiology, Form and Function textbook
by McKinley, et al. Revised 2.26.2022
Skeletal System:
Bone Structure and Function: Chapter 7 (like lab
12 but more in depth)
What are the components of the skeletal system, as far as tissues and
organs?
1-BONES -yes.
2-LIGAMENTS associated ligaments. I am not sure about the
“uterosacral” ligament which attaches the uterus to the sacrum, but I would
place it in reproductive system. Remember that these “systems” are an
invention of man, and used as a “filing system” to help us understand
human biology – anatomy and physiology
3-CARTILAGES associated include the articular cartilage and growth
plate “epiphyseal plate hyaline cartilage” of the long bones, but surely does
not include the cartilage of the nose, for example. (If we say the nose
cartilage belongs to the respiratory system, we would certainly be more
‘correct.’ The nasal bone could be said to belong to skeletal and respiratory
systems both.)
4-The red and yellow bone marrow in bone is housed in bones like
the ilium, but the red bone marrow is usually considered lymphoid
(lymphatic) system.
5?-Tendons are part of muscles and help connect one bone to
another bone with a muscle in between, but are considered part of
MUSCLES as organs, and usually NOT considered skeletal system, unless
you say “musculoskeletal” system which is akin to combining the skeletal
and muscular system. NOTE: In spirit, skeletal muscles which cross
synovial joints do stabilize those joints, and are said to be more
important than ligaments in stabilizing the knee.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
1-protection, leverage, support
2-housing for red bone marrow
3-storage of minerals, and even fat
4-attachment site for skeletal muscles
5-allows for birth and subsequent growth of brain
6-and more
, What is the role of bone in blood cell formation? Is the bone marrow part of
the bone? Part of the skeletal system? Lymphatic system?
1-red bone marrow is the place from which most blood cells come
2-the bone marrow is part of a bone but often is considered belonging
to the lymphatic system
How do we classify bones?
1-we can classify it 100 different ways, if not an infinite number.
2-we can classify them as axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.
3-we can classify them into shapes (short, long, flat, irregular, etc.)
4-we can classify them into forming, growing…
5-we can classify them into male and female-type (skull, pelvis, etc.)
6-we can classify them into healthy and broken, or demineralized.
There are thousands of ways to classify them.
What are some SHAPES of bones? Give examples of each.
1- Long – femur, tibia, fibula, radius, ulna, humerus
2- Short – tarsals (cuboid, navicular); carpals (scaphoid, lunate, etc.)
3- Flat -scapula, parietal bones
4- Irregular – vertebral bones, the sphenoid bone
5- Sesamoid – (some say it is a type of short bone) – patella and sesamoid bones
under many people’s feet
6- Sutural, Inca, Wormian bones – in skull
Draw a long bone and label parts. Define and draw:
Drawing activity. See YouTube playlist.
Epiphysis (proximal and distal)
Metaphysis
Epiphyseal plate (child) or line (if adult)
Diaphysis (shaft)
Medullary cavity
Periosteum
Articular cartilage
Endosteum
Red bone marrow in spongy bone
Yellow bone marrow in diaphysis
Name and describe the blood supply
to and through a long bone.
Note: Regarding blood vessels:
arteries bring blood in from the heart,
they divide into tiny capillaries
which pass blood into veins,
which fuse and carry blood to the heart.
Could years of physical activity affect size of bone markings? Why?
by McKinley, et al. Revised 2.26.2022
Skeletal System:
Bone Structure and Function: Chapter 7 (like lab
12 but more in depth)
What are the components of the skeletal system, as far as tissues and
organs?
1-BONES -yes.
2-LIGAMENTS associated ligaments. I am not sure about the
“uterosacral” ligament which attaches the uterus to the sacrum, but I would
place it in reproductive system. Remember that these “systems” are an
invention of man, and used as a “filing system” to help us understand
human biology – anatomy and physiology
3-CARTILAGES associated include the articular cartilage and growth
plate “epiphyseal plate hyaline cartilage” of the long bones, but surely does
not include the cartilage of the nose, for example. (If we say the nose
cartilage belongs to the respiratory system, we would certainly be more
‘correct.’ The nasal bone could be said to belong to skeletal and respiratory
systems both.)
4-The red and yellow bone marrow in bone is housed in bones like
the ilium, but the red bone marrow is usually considered lymphoid
(lymphatic) system.
5?-Tendons are part of muscles and help connect one bone to
another bone with a muscle in between, but are considered part of
MUSCLES as organs, and usually NOT considered skeletal system, unless
you say “musculoskeletal” system which is akin to combining the skeletal
and muscular system. NOTE: In spirit, skeletal muscles which cross
synovial joints do stabilize those joints, and are said to be more
important than ligaments in stabilizing the knee.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
1-protection, leverage, support
2-housing for red bone marrow
3-storage of minerals, and even fat
4-attachment site for skeletal muscles
5-allows for birth and subsequent growth of brain
6-and more
, What is the role of bone in blood cell formation? Is the bone marrow part of
the bone? Part of the skeletal system? Lymphatic system?
1-red bone marrow is the place from which most blood cells come
2-the bone marrow is part of a bone but often is considered belonging
to the lymphatic system
How do we classify bones?
1-we can classify it 100 different ways, if not an infinite number.
2-we can classify them as axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.
3-we can classify them into shapes (short, long, flat, irregular, etc.)
4-we can classify them into forming, growing…
5-we can classify them into male and female-type (skull, pelvis, etc.)
6-we can classify them into healthy and broken, or demineralized.
There are thousands of ways to classify them.
What are some SHAPES of bones? Give examples of each.
1- Long – femur, tibia, fibula, radius, ulna, humerus
2- Short – tarsals (cuboid, navicular); carpals (scaphoid, lunate, etc.)
3- Flat -scapula, parietal bones
4- Irregular – vertebral bones, the sphenoid bone
5- Sesamoid – (some say it is a type of short bone) – patella and sesamoid bones
under many people’s feet
6- Sutural, Inca, Wormian bones – in skull
Draw a long bone and label parts. Define and draw:
Drawing activity. See YouTube playlist.
Epiphysis (proximal and distal)
Metaphysis
Epiphyseal plate (child) or line (if adult)
Diaphysis (shaft)
Medullary cavity
Periosteum
Articular cartilage
Endosteum
Red bone marrow in spongy bone
Yellow bone marrow in diaphysis
Name and describe the blood supply
to and through a long bone.
Note: Regarding blood vessels:
arteries bring blood in from the heart,
they divide into tiny capillaries
which pass blood into veins,
which fuse and carry blood to the heart.
Could years of physical activity affect size of bone markings? Why?
