ABO CERTIFICATION EXAM PRACTICE TEST American Board of
Opticianry Basic Certification Complete Practice Exam - 200 Questions
with Correct Answers & Explanations Based on ABO Exam
Specifications, ANSI Z80.1 Standards, and Current Opticianry Practice
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SECTION 1: OCULAR ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (Questions 1-30)
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Question 1
The extra-ocular muscles are inserted into the sclera and serve to rotate the eye in all possible
directions. How many of these muscles are there?
A) Four
B) Six
C) Eight
D) Ten
Answer: B
Explanation: There are six extra-ocular muscles: four rectus muscles (superior, inferior, medial,
lateral) and two oblique muscles (superior and inferior). These muscles control eye movement
in all directions .
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,Question 2
The fibrous tunic of the eye is comprised of which structures?
A) Retina and choroid
B) Sclera and cornea
C) Iris and ciliary body
D) Lens and vitreous
Answer: B
Explanation: The fibrous tunic is the outermost layer of the eye and consists of the sclera (the
"white" of the eye) and the cornea (the transparent front portion). These structures provide
protection and shape to the eye .
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Question 3
The aqueous fluid is continually being manufactured by which structure?
A) The lens
B) The retina
C) The ciliary body
D) The cornea
Answer: C
,Explanation: The ciliary body produces aqueous humor, which fills the anterior chamber of the
eye. This fluid provides nutrients to the cornea and lens and maintains intraocular pressure .
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Question 4
The ability of the eye to bring objects of varying distances to focus on the retina is known as:
A) Refraction
B) Accommodation
C) Convergence
D) Adaptation
Answer: B
Explanation: Accommodation is the process by which the crystalline lens changes shape to focus
on objects at different distances. The ciliary muscles contract or relax to alter the lens curvature
.
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Question 5
When accommodation is at rest, rays of light from a distant source come to focus behind the
retina. This condition is known as:
A) Myopia
B) Hyperopia
, C) Presbyopia
D) Emmetropia
Answer: B
Explanation: Hyperopia (farsightedness) occurs when the eye is too short or the cornea is too
flat, causing light to focus behind the retina when the eye is at rest. Plus lenses are used to
correct this condition .
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Question 6
Impulses are carried from the retina to the brain along which structure?
A) Optic nerve
B) Optic tract
C) Optic chiasm
D) Oculomotor nerve
Answer: A
Explanation: The optic nerve (cranial nerve II) carries visual information from the retina to the
brain. The optic nerves from both eyes meet at the optic chiasm before proceeding to the visual
cortex .
---
Opticianry Basic Certification Complete Practice Exam - 200 Questions
with Correct Answers & Explanations Based on ABO Exam
Specifications, ANSI Z80.1 Standards, and Current Opticianry Practice
---
SECTION 1: OCULAR ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (Questions 1-30)
---
Question 1
The extra-ocular muscles are inserted into the sclera and serve to rotate the eye in all possible
directions. How many of these muscles are there?
A) Four
B) Six
C) Eight
D) Ten
Answer: B
Explanation: There are six extra-ocular muscles: four rectus muscles (superior, inferior, medial,
lateral) and two oblique muscles (superior and inferior). These muscles control eye movement
in all directions .
---
,Question 2
The fibrous tunic of the eye is comprised of which structures?
A) Retina and choroid
B) Sclera and cornea
C) Iris and ciliary body
D) Lens and vitreous
Answer: B
Explanation: The fibrous tunic is the outermost layer of the eye and consists of the sclera (the
"white" of the eye) and the cornea (the transparent front portion). These structures provide
protection and shape to the eye .
---
Question 3
The aqueous fluid is continually being manufactured by which structure?
A) The lens
B) The retina
C) The ciliary body
D) The cornea
Answer: C
,Explanation: The ciliary body produces aqueous humor, which fills the anterior chamber of the
eye. This fluid provides nutrients to the cornea and lens and maintains intraocular pressure .
---
Question 4
The ability of the eye to bring objects of varying distances to focus on the retina is known as:
A) Refraction
B) Accommodation
C) Convergence
D) Adaptation
Answer: B
Explanation: Accommodation is the process by which the crystalline lens changes shape to focus
on objects at different distances. The ciliary muscles contract or relax to alter the lens curvature
.
---
Question 5
When accommodation is at rest, rays of light from a distant source come to focus behind the
retina. This condition is known as:
A) Myopia
B) Hyperopia
, C) Presbyopia
D) Emmetropia
Answer: B
Explanation: Hyperopia (farsightedness) occurs when the eye is too short or the cornea is too
flat, causing light to focus behind the retina when the eye is at rest. Plus lenses are used to
correct this condition .
---
Question 6
Impulses are carried from the retina to the brain along which structure?
A) Optic nerve
B) Optic tract
C) Optic chiasm
D) Oculomotor nerve
Answer: A
Explanation: The optic nerve (cranial nerve II) carries visual information from the retina to the
brain. The optic nerves from both eyes meet at the optic chiasm before proceeding to the visual
cortex .
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