RN ATI NUTRITION PROCTORED
EXAM WITH NGN QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED RATIONALIZED ANSWERS,
(2026/ 2027), 100% GUARANTEE
PASS
small meals to decrease effort of eating -electrolytes may be
messed up due to diuretics: potassium, sodium, zinc (except
spinrolactone=K sparing) A person with heart failure should have a
daily sodium intake of: - ANSWER//2000 mg or less Foods high in
potassium: - ANSWER//apricots bananas potatoes tomatoes
avocado fish spinach beans Daily cholesterol intake should be less
than: - ANSWER//200 mg DASH diet for HTN: - ANSWER//-low
sodium -high potassium -high calcium A client with diabetes that
may be experiencing hypoglycemia should be instructed to: -
ANSWER//eat 15-20 g of carbs such as juice, soda, candies,
honey, glucose tablets, etc. General nutritional guidelines for a
client with diabetes: - ANSWER//Carbs: 130 g/day from grains,
fruits, legumes, milk. No simple carbs. Fats: sat fat less than 7% of
total calories, trans fatty acid less than 1% of total daily caloric
intake, limit fried foods. Cholesterol: 200-300 mg/day Fiber: 14 g
per 1000 calories from beans, oats, veggies, whole grains Protein:
15-20% total caloric intake from meats, eggs, fish, nuts, beans, &
soy products NO TOBACCO, LIMIT ALCOHOL Hyperlipidemia?
NO ALCOHOL Artificial sweeteners okay, except preggo! sucrose
(table sugar) can be included in diabetic diet as long as adequate
insulin is available A nurse is reinforcing diet teaching to a client
who has type 2 DM. Which of the following should the nurse
include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Carbs should
comprise 55% of daily caloric intake B. Use hydrogenated oils for
cooking C. Table sugar may be added to cereals D. Drink an
alcoholic beverage w/meals E. Protein foods can be substituted for
carb foods - ANSWER//A, C, D Not B-hydrogenated oils contain
trans fatty acids & cause hyperlipidemia Not E-carbs can be
exchanged but not w/proteins A nurse is reviewing dietary
guidelines to include in the plan of care for a client who has type 2
DM. Which of the following guidelines should the nurse include?
Select all that apply. A. Weight management B. Lipid profile C.
,Cultural needs D. Sleep patterns E. Personal preferences -
ANSWER//A, B, C, E To avoid hypoglycemia, the client should
consume alcohol... - ANSWER//with a meal or immediately after a
meal _______________can be included in a diabetic diet as long
as adequate insulin or other agents are provided to cover the
sugar intake. - ANSWER//Sucrose (table sugar) What food
sources are high in protein? - ANSWER//meats eggs fish nuts
beans soy products The nurse should instruct the diabetic client
that their intake of carbohydrates should be ___to___% of total
daily caloric intake. - ANSWER//45-60% The nurse should instruct
the diabetic client that they should limit their total daily cholesterol
intake to: - ANSWER//200-300 mg/day A diabetic client should be
instructed that sat fats should account for less than __% of total
calories. - ANSWER//7% The USDA and HSS diet guidelines for
fats: - ANSWER//-fats may average 30% of total caloric intake -
less than 10% from sat fats The USDA and HHS recommend to
limit _______and _______foods to prevent occurrence of dental
caries. - ANSWER//sugar and starchy foods The USDA & HHS
recommends less than ________mg (about 1 tsp) of salt per day. -
ANSWER//2300 USDA myplate recommended servings based on
a 2000 calorie diet: Grains=___oz Veggies=______cups
Fruits=_______cups Milk=____cups Protein foods=_____oz
Oils=____tsp - ANSWER//grains=6 oz veggies= 2 1/2 cups fruits=
2 cups milk= 3 cups protein foods= 5 1/2 oz oils= 6 tsp The lacto-
ovo vegetarian diet includes: - ANSWER//dairy products and eggs
Healthy heart diet: Limit saturated fat to __% of calories &
cholesterol to ___mg/day For elevated LDL, increase what? What
type of diet for HTN? - ANSWER//limit sat fat to 10% of calories &
cholesterol to 300 mg/day For elevated LDL, increase
monosaturated fats & soluble fiber. HTN diet=DASH Normal bowel
functioning depends on adequate fluid intake and ____g/day fiber
for women and ___g/day fiber for men. - ANSWER//women=25
g/day men=38 g/day Diet teaching to prevent cancer: Increase:
Limit: - ANSWER//Increase: high fiber plant based foods,
monosaturated fat or omega 3 fatty acids (nuts & fish) Limit:
sodium, alcohol, saturated & polyunsaturated fat A nurse is
teaching a client measures for healthy bones. Which of the
following statements by the client requires additional teaching? A.
"I will eat foods high in calcium." B. "I will increase my fluid intake."
C. "I should participate in weight bearing exercises." D. "I should
get my vitamin D from the sunlight." - ANSWER//B. increasing fluid
does not promote healthy bones A nurse is conducting a nutritional
class to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following
,should be included in the teaching? A. Limit saturated fat to 10% of
total caloric intake. B. Good bowel function requires 35 g/day of
fiber for women. C. Limit cholesterol consumption to 400 mg/day D.
Normal functioning cardiac systems depends on B-complex
vitamins - ANSWER//A A nurse is discussing essential nutrients for
normal functioning of the nervous system. Which of the following
should be included in the teaching? Select all that apply. A.
Calcium B. Thiamin C. Vitamin B6 D. Sodium E. Phosphorus -
ANSWER//A, B, C, D A school nurse is teaching a group of
students how to read food labels. Which of the following should be
included in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Total
carbohydrates B. Total fat C. Calories D. Magnesium E. Dietary
fiber - ANSWER//A, B, C, E Normal functioning of the nervous
system depends on adequate levels of the B-complex vitamins,
especially: and also adequate levels of ____and _____for
regulators of nerve responses. - ANSWER//thiamin, niacin, vitamin
B6 and B12 calcium and sodium normal BMI: - ANSWER//18.5-
24.9 obesity BMI is classified as: - ANSWER//BMI greater than or
equal to 30 Basic food choices for kosher (orthodox Judaism) diets:
- ANSWER//-meat -no mixing meat and diary (cheeseburger) -no
pork or shellfish -fish must have scales & fins to be kosher A client
who follows seventh-day Adventist dietary laws will eat a strict:
They also avoid: - ANSWER//vegetarian diet, some are lacto-ovo,
some are vegan. they avoid alcohol, coffee, tea and caffeinated
beverages. Managing nausea following chemo: - ANSWER//-eat
cold or room temp foods -high carb, low fat foods -avoid fried foods
-do not eat prior to chemo/radiation -take prescribed antiemetic,
zofran A nurse is teaching a client who has cancer about
appropriate food choices. The nurse determines that the client
understands the information when she chooses which of the
following snacks? Select all that apply. A. Peanut butter sandwich
on whole wheat bread w/2% milk B. Popcorn w/soda C. Yogurt
topped w/granola & a banana D. Meat lasagna w/buttered garlic
bread E. Plain baked potato - ANSWER//A, C, D Dumping
syndrome interventions: - ANSWER//o Drink liquid to slow
movement o Complex carbs better than simple o Not associate w/
fat or protein content of food o Lie down after eat to slow food
movement via GI o Decrease fiber to slow gastric emptying When
beginning a new prescription for enteral nutrition by intermittent
tube feeding how should you first initiate this feeding? -
ANSWER//Increase the formula over the first 4 to 6 feedings until
the prescribed volume is achieved Three complications of TPN: -
ANSWER//Diarrhea Polyuria Hypocalciumia Patients who adhere
, to a kosher diet do eat dairy products combined with what: -
ANSWER//Non-meat products at the same meal i.e. noodles (no
shellfish or pork) What has more calcium: yogurt or cheese? What
has more salt? - ANSWER//yogurt cheese has more salt Niacin is
found in sources such as: - ANSWER//Beef liver nuts legumes
whole-grain enriched breads and cereals Two medications may be
added to PN solutions however administering any IV medication
through a PN IV line or port is contraindicated. What are the two
medications? - ANSWER//Heparin and insulin TPN is commonly
used for patients who are undergoing treatment for cancer, bowel
disorders and... - ANSWER//Those suffering from trauma or
extensive burns Expected reference range for pre-albumin: -
ANSWER//23-43 If the PN solution is unavailable what is
administered to avoid hypoglycemia? - ANSWER//IV of dextrose
10% to 20% in water How often should the bag and tubing be
changed with a central line? - ANSWER//q 24 hr or per facility
protocol Enteral (w/in GI) tube feed - ANSWER//o Place in fowlers
position o Verify tube placement o Check residual o Flush w/ 30mL
water o Admin @ room temp; cold induce cramp/D o Admin @ full
strength o Bolus IM feeding over 15-30min o IM feeding over 30-
60min o Promote tolerance - inc vol each feeding f/ 1st 4-6hr o
Discard open cans in 24hr o Feed in sm, freq o Switch to high cal
to pv D o Dec abd distention risk to pv aspiration - ambulate, turn
pt on R side (inc GI movement), avoid inc rat, switch to low fat
formula (NOT high fat) o If tube clogs switch to less cal dense
formula o Tube feeding stops - flush 30-50mL warm water to re-
establish flow o Pv aspration w/ monitor gastric residuals q4hr,
HOB 30-45 degrees, check tube placement w/ xray once @
beginning o Maintain patency by flushing 30-50mL water b4 & after
Rx o Dec D - low fat formula, cont feed, warm b4 admin, dec rate
to inc abs Dietary teaching for patient with dumping syndrome
which causes diarrhea and dehydration: - ANSWER//-Avoid foods
with concentrated sugars -Restrict/avoid foods with lactose -dry
diet -lie down 20 to 30 minutes after meals to delay gastric
emptying. Caring for a client who has dysphagia: - ANSWER//-
upright position or high fowlers -oral care prior and post -small
bites, adequate time for eating -pills taken w/at least 8 oz of fluid -
avoid thin liquids & sticky foods (add thickener) -drooling=at risk -
don't hyper-extend neck -mechanical soft diet (eggs, mashed
potatoes) A nurse is caring for a patient who is to receive a full
liquid diet due to dysphagia. What is the highest nursing priority: -
ANSWER//add thickener to liquids If a patient has dysphagia what
should be avoided? - ANSWER//thin liquids and sticky foods Diet
EXAM WITH NGN QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED RATIONALIZED ANSWERS,
(2026/ 2027), 100% GUARANTEE
PASS
small meals to decrease effort of eating -electrolytes may be
messed up due to diuretics: potassium, sodium, zinc (except
spinrolactone=K sparing) A person with heart failure should have a
daily sodium intake of: - ANSWER//2000 mg or less Foods high in
potassium: - ANSWER//apricots bananas potatoes tomatoes
avocado fish spinach beans Daily cholesterol intake should be less
than: - ANSWER//200 mg DASH diet for HTN: - ANSWER//-low
sodium -high potassium -high calcium A client with diabetes that
may be experiencing hypoglycemia should be instructed to: -
ANSWER//eat 15-20 g of carbs such as juice, soda, candies,
honey, glucose tablets, etc. General nutritional guidelines for a
client with diabetes: - ANSWER//Carbs: 130 g/day from grains,
fruits, legumes, milk. No simple carbs. Fats: sat fat less than 7% of
total calories, trans fatty acid less than 1% of total daily caloric
intake, limit fried foods. Cholesterol: 200-300 mg/day Fiber: 14 g
per 1000 calories from beans, oats, veggies, whole grains Protein:
15-20% total caloric intake from meats, eggs, fish, nuts, beans, &
soy products NO TOBACCO, LIMIT ALCOHOL Hyperlipidemia?
NO ALCOHOL Artificial sweeteners okay, except preggo! sucrose
(table sugar) can be included in diabetic diet as long as adequate
insulin is available A nurse is reinforcing diet teaching to a client
who has type 2 DM. Which of the following should the nurse
include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Carbs should
comprise 55% of daily caloric intake B. Use hydrogenated oils for
cooking C. Table sugar may be added to cereals D. Drink an
alcoholic beverage w/meals E. Protein foods can be substituted for
carb foods - ANSWER//A, C, D Not B-hydrogenated oils contain
trans fatty acids & cause hyperlipidemia Not E-carbs can be
exchanged but not w/proteins A nurse is reviewing dietary
guidelines to include in the plan of care for a client who has type 2
DM. Which of the following guidelines should the nurse include?
Select all that apply. A. Weight management B. Lipid profile C.
,Cultural needs D. Sleep patterns E. Personal preferences -
ANSWER//A, B, C, E To avoid hypoglycemia, the client should
consume alcohol... - ANSWER//with a meal or immediately after a
meal _______________can be included in a diabetic diet as long
as adequate insulin or other agents are provided to cover the
sugar intake. - ANSWER//Sucrose (table sugar) What food
sources are high in protein? - ANSWER//meats eggs fish nuts
beans soy products The nurse should instruct the diabetic client
that their intake of carbohydrates should be ___to___% of total
daily caloric intake. - ANSWER//45-60% The nurse should instruct
the diabetic client that they should limit their total daily cholesterol
intake to: - ANSWER//200-300 mg/day A diabetic client should be
instructed that sat fats should account for less than __% of total
calories. - ANSWER//7% The USDA and HSS diet guidelines for
fats: - ANSWER//-fats may average 30% of total caloric intake -
less than 10% from sat fats The USDA and HHS recommend to
limit _______and _______foods to prevent occurrence of dental
caries. - ANSWER//sugar and starchy foods The USDA & HHS
recommends less than ________mg (about 1 tsp) of salt per day. -
ANSWER//2300 USDA myplate recommended servings based on
a 2000 calorie diet: Grains=___oz Veggies=______cups
Fruits=_______cups Milk=____cups Protein foods=_____oz
Oils=____tsp - ANSWER//grains=6 oz veggies= 2 1/2 cups fruits=
2 cups milk= 3 cups protein foods= 5 1/2 oz oils= 6 tsp The lacto-
ovo vegetarian diet includes: - ANSWER//dairy products and eggs
Healthy heart diet: Limit saturated fat to __% of calories &
cholesterol to ___mg/day For elevated LDL, increase what? What
type of diet for HTN? - ANSWER//limit sat fat to 10% of calories &
cholesterol to 300 mg/day For elevated LDL, increase
monosaturated fats & soluble fiber. HTN diet=DASH Normal bowel
functioning depends on adequate fluid intake and ____g/day fiber
for women and ___g/day fiber for men. - ANSWER//women=25
g/day men=38 g/day Diet teaching to prevent cancer: Increase:
Limit: - ANSWER//Increase: high fiber plant based foods,
monosaturated fat or omega 3 fatty acids (nuts & fish) Limit:
sodium, alcohol, saturated & polyunsaturated fat A nurse is
teaching a client measures for healthy bones. Which of the
following statements by the client requires additional teaching? A.
"I will eat foods high in calcium." B. "I will increase my fluid intake."
C. "I should participate in weight bearing exercises." D. "I should
get my vitamin D from the sunlight." - ANSWER//B. increasing fluid
does not promote healthy bones A nurse is conducting a nutritional
class to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following
,should be included in the teaching? A. Limit saturated fat to 10% of
total caloric intake. B. Good bowel function requires 35 g/day of
fiber for women. C. Limit cholesterol consumption to 400 mg/day D.
Normal functioning cardiac systems depends on B-complex
vitamins - ANSWER//A A nurse is discussing essential nutrients for
normal functioning of the nervous system. Which of the following
should be included in the teaching? Select all that apply. A.
Calcium B. Thiamin C. Vitamin B6 D. Sodium E. Phosphorus -
ANSWER//A, B, C, D A school nurse is teaching a group of
students how to read food labels. Which of the following should be
included in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Total
carbohydrates B. Total fat C. Calories D. Magnesium E. Dietary
fiber - ANSWER//A, B, C, E Normal functioning of the nervous
system depends on adequate levels of the B-complex vitamins,
especially: and also adequate levels of ____and _____for
regulators of nerve responses. - ANSWER//thiamin, niacin, vitamin
B6 and B12 calcium and sodium normal BMI: - ANSWER//18.5-
24.9 obesity BMI is classified as: - ANSWER//BMI greater than or
equal to 30 Basic food choices for kosher (orthodox Judaism) diets:
- ANSWER//-meat -no mixing meat and diary (cheeseburger) -no
pork or shellfish -fish must have scales & fins to be kosher A client
who follows seventh-day Adventist dietary laws will eat a strict:
They also avoid: - ANSWER//vegetarian diet, some are lacto-ovo,
some are vegan. they avoid alcohol, coffee, tea and caffeinated
beverages. Managing nausea following chemo: - ANSWER//-eat
cold or room temp foods -high carb, low fat foods -avoid fried foods
-do not eat prior to chemo/radiation -take prescribed antiemetic,
zofran A nurse is teaching a client who has cancer about
appropriate food choices. The nurse determines that the client
understands the information when she chooses which of the
following snacks? Select all that apply. A. Peanut butter sandwich
on whole wheat bread w/2% milk B. Popcorn w/soda C. Yogurt
topped w/granola & a banana D. Meat lasagna w/buttered garlic
bread E. Plain baked potato - ANSWER//A, C, D Dumping
syndrome interventions: - ANSWER//o Drink liquid to slow
movement o Complex carbs better than simple o Not associate w/
fat or protein content of food o Lie down after eat to slow food
movement via GI o Decrease fiber to slow gastric emptying When
beginning a new prescription for enteral nutrition by intermittent
tube feeding how should you first initiate this feeding? -
ANSWER//Increase the formula over the first 4 to 6 feedings until
the prescribed volume is achieved Three complications of TPN: -
ANSWER//Diarrhea Polyuria Hypocalciumia Patients who adhere
, to a kosher diet do eat dairy products combined with what: -
ANSWER//Non-meat products at the same meal i.e. noodles (no
shellfish or pork) What has more calcium: yogurt or cheese? What
has more salt? - ANSWER//yogurt cheese has more salt Niacin is
found in sources such as: - ANSWER//Beef liver nuts legumes
whole-grain enriched breads and cereals Two medications may be
added to PN solutions however administering any IV medication
through a PN IV line or port is contraindicated. What are the two
medications? - ANSWER//Heparin and insulin TPN is commonly
used for patients who are undergoing treatment for cancer, bowel
disorders and... - ANSWER//Those suffering from trauma or
extensive burns Expected reference range for pre-albumin: -
ANSWER//23-43 If the PN solution is unavailable what is
administered to avoid hypoglycemia? - ANSWER//IV of dextrose
10% to 20% in water How often should the bag and tubing be
changed with a central line? - ANSWER//q 24 hr or per facility
protocol Enteral (w/in GI) tube feed - ANSWER//o Place in fowlers
position o Verify tube placement o Check residual o Flush w/ 30mL
water o Admin @ room temp; cold induce cramp/D o Admin @ full
strength o Bolus IM feeding over 15-30min o IM feeding over 30-
60min o Promote tolerance - inc vol each feeding f/ 1st 4-6hr o
Discard open cans in 24hr o Feed in sm, freq o Switch to high cal
to pv D o Dec abd distention risk to pv aspiration - ambulate, turn
pt on R side (inc GI movement), avoid inc rat, switch to low fat
formula (NOT high fat) o If tube clogs switch to less cal dense
formula o Tube feeding stops - flush 30-50mL warm water to re-
establish flow o Pv aspration w/ monitor gastric residuals q4hr,
HOB 30-45 degrees, check tube placement w/ xray once @
beginning o Maintain patency by flushing 30-50mL water b4 & after
Rx o Dec D - low fat formula, cont feed, warm b4 admin, dec rate
to inc abs Dietary teaching for patient with dumping syndrome
which causes diarrhea and dehydration: - ANSWER//-Avoid foods
with concentrated sugars -Restrict/avoid foods with lactose -dry
diet -lie down 20 to 30 minutes after meals to delay gastric
emptying. Caring for a client who has dysphagia: - ANSWER//-
upright position or high fowlers -oral care prior and post -small
bites, adequate time for eating -pills taken w/at least 8 oz of fluid -
avoid thin liquids & sticky foods (add thickener) -drooling=at risk -
don't hyper-extend neck -mechanical soft diet (eggs, mashed
potatoes) A nurse is caring for a patient who is to receive a full
liquid diet due to dysphagia. What is the highest nursing priority: -
ANSWER//add thickener to liquids If a patient has dysphagia what
should be avoided? - ANSWER//thin liquids and sticky foods Diet
