Answers 2026
1. What spurred SDN was developed in order to make computer networks more programmable.
the development With so many ditterent technologies and vendors for network devices, SDN helps
of Software De- redesign networks to make them more manageable.
fined Networking
(SDN)?
2. 3 phases in the 1. Active Networks
history of SDN 2. Control and Data Plane Separation
3. OpenFlow API and network operating systems
3. 1. Active Net- 1990s-2000s
works
Active networking envisioned a programming interface that exposed network
nodes and supported customization of functionalities for subsets of packets pass-
ing through the network nodes.
4. Two types of pro- 1. Capsule Model - code to execute was carried in-band in data packets
gramming mod-
2. Programmable router/switch model - code to execute was established by
els in active net-
out-of-band mechanisms.
working
5. Pushes that en- 1. Reduction in computation cost
couraged active
networking 2. Advancement in programming languages and VM technology to protect active
code.
3. Advancement in code compilation
6. 3 Major Contri- 1. Programmable functions in the network to lower the barrier to innovation.
butions of Ac-
tive Networking 2. Network virtualization
towards SDN
3. The vision of a unified architecture for middlebox orchestration
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