NURS 6013 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
What 3 types of patient characteristics may alter the volume of distribution?
Answer - * Age
* Edema
* Gender
What is the term for a drug that displays a degree of affinity for a receptor that
stimulates a response? Answer - Agonist
Which route of administration guarantees 100% bioavailability? Answer - IV
The healthcare provider is going to prescribe a medication for topical
administration. To prevent water absorption or evaporation, which formula
should be used? Answer - Ointment
What type of drug results in a higher volume of distribution b/c of the low-fat
content content in the bloodstream? Answer - Lipid-soluble drugs
Which factor affecting oral absorption of a drug is decreased in pregnant
compared to non pregnant women? Answer - GI motility
At which point after conception does a developing fetus become susceptible to
the effects of drugs? Answer - Day 14
,What is the most common method for pediatric dosing? Answer - Body
weight-based dosing. mg/kg
What is the. best method for reducing the likelihood of a medication error in a
pediatric patient? Answer - Verifying patient weight
A medication with what characteristic is preferred for use during breastfeeding
to reduce the risk of harm to the infant? Answer - Short half-life
What accounts for the increased risk of orthostatic hypotension in older
adults? Answer - * Changes in cerebral blood flow
* Loss of the baroreceptor reflex
A 73-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for pos-op management
following a fall and hip fx. The patient typically drinks 3 to 4 alcoholic drinks per
day. What 1st line symptom-directed therapy for mild symptoms of alcohol
withdrawal is most appropriate? Answer - Lorazepam
Which patient with dementia is an appropriate candidate for consideration of
antipsychotic medication?
A. Patient who is agitated and threatening self-harm
B. Patient experiencing new onset insomnia
C. Patient with uncontrolled pain
,D. Patient experiencing new-onset anxiety Answer - A. patient who is agitated
and threatening self-harm
What is an appropriate HgA1c goal for an OA with moderate comorbidity and a
life expectancy of less than 10 years?
A. < 6.5%
B. 6.5-7%
C. 7.5-8%
D. 8.5-9 % Answer - C. 7.5-8%
What term refers to the study of inherited single or a few gene variations on
drug therapy and response? Answer - Pharmacogenetics
On average, what percentage of the human genome is identical b/w two
unrelated individuals? Answer - 99.9%
When interviewing the parent of a 7yo with CF, the health care provider
discovers that the child's aunt has a hx of hearing loss. The provider counsels
the child's parent that the child may benefit from genetic screening prior to
therapy with what class of drugs? Answer - Aminoglycosides
A 66 yo patient who is prescribed warfarin for afib has a persistently supra
therapeutic INR despite multiple dosage adjustments and excellent medication
adherence. The patient is taking no other medications. Genetic testing of the
patient's CYP2C9 may reveal that the patient's enzyme activity is ... Answer -
decreased
, A patient who recently had a stent placed following a MI undergoes genetic
testing. As a result, the provider decides that the patient should not be given
clopidogrel. Which result appears on the patient's test?
A. CYP2C19 (*1/*1)
B. CYP2C19 (*2/*2)
C. CYP2C9 (*1/*1)
D. CYP2C9 (*2/*2) Answer - B. CYP2C19 (*2/*2)
What is the first step in the prescribing process? Answer - Determine an
accurate diagnosis
In which phase of clinical trials is the most effective routes of administration
and dosage ranges for a drug determined? Answer - Phase I
What is the best method for disposing of an unused drug? Answer - Take it to a
community drug take-back program
Which type of controlled substances require a new prescription to be written
prior to each dispense? Answer - Schedule II drugs
Any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug
doses Answer - Adverse drug reaction
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
What 3 types of patient characteristics may alter the volume of distribution?
Answer - * Age
* Edema
* Gender
What is the term for a drug that displays a degree of affinity for a receptor that
stimulates a response? Answer - Agonist
Which route of administration guarantees 100% bioavailability? Answer - IV
The healthcare provider is going to prescribe a medication for topical
administration. To prevent water absorption or evaporation, which formula
should be used? Answer - Ointment
What type of drug results in a higher volume of distribution b/c of the low-fat
content content in the bloodstream? Answer - Lipid-soluble drugs
Which factor affecting oral absorption of a drug is decreased in pregnant
compared to non pregnant women? Answer - GI motility
At which point after conception does a developing fetus become susceptible to
the effects of drugs? Answer - Day 14
,What is the most common method for pediatric dosing? Answer - Body
weight-based dosing. mg/kg
What is the. best method for reducing the likelihood of a medication error in a
pediatric patient? Answer - Verifying patient weight
A medication with what characteristic is preferred for use during breastfeeding
to reduce the risk of harm to the infant? Answer - Short half-life
What accounts for the increased risk of orthostatic hypotension in older
adults? Answer - * Changes in cerebral blood flow
* Loss of the baroreceptor reflex
A 73-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for pos-op management
following a fall and hip fx. The patient typically drinks 3 to 4 alcoholic drinks per
day. What 1st line symptom-directed therapy for mild symptoms of alcohol
withdrawal is most appropriate? Answer - Lorazepam
Which patient with dementia is an appropriate candidate for consideration of
antipsychotic medication?
A. Patient who is agitated and threatening self-harm
B. Patient experiencing new onset insomnia
C. Patient with uncontrolled pain
,D. Patient experiencing new-onset anxiety Answer - A. patient who is agitated
and threatening self-harm
What is an appropriate HgA1c goal for an OA with moderate comorbidity and a
life expectancy of less than 10 years?
A. < 6.5%
B. 6.5-7%
C. 7.5-8%
D. 8.5-9 % Answer - C. 7.5-8%
What term refers to the study of inherited single or a few gene variations on
drug therapy and response? Answer - Pharmacogenetics
On average, what percentage of the human genome is identical b/w two
unrelated individuals? Answer - 99.9%
When interviewing the parent of a 7yo with CF, the health care provider
discovers that the child's aunt has a hx of hearing loss. The provider counsels
the child's parent that the child may benefit from genetic screening prior to
therapy with what class of drugs? Answer - Aminoglycosides
A 66 yo patient who is prescribed warfarin for afib has a persistently supra
therapeutic INR despite multiple dosage adjustments and excellent medication
adherence. The patient is taking no other medications. Genetic testing of the
patient's CYP2C9 may reveal that the patient's enzyme activity is ... Answer -
decreased
, A patient who recently had a stent placed following a MI undergoes genetic
testing. As a result, the provider decides that the patient should not be given
clopidogrel. Which result appears on the patient's test?
A. CYP2C19 (*1/*1)
B. CYP2C19 (*2/*2)
C. CYP2C9 (*1/*1)
D. CYP2C9 (*2/*2) Answer - B. CYP2C19 (*2/*2)
What is the first step in the prescribing process? Answer - Determine an
accurate diagnosis
In which phase of clinical trials is the most effective routes of administration
and dosage ranges for a drug determined? Answer - Phase I
What is the best method for disposing of an unused drug? Answer - Take it to a
community drug take-back program
Which type of controlled substances require a new prescription to be written
prior to each dispense? Answer - Schedule II drugs
Any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug
doses Answer - Adverse drug reaction
