A&P ll Portage Learning Alternate Final Exam
1. Fill in the Blanks: The ____________ are the receiving end of a neuron, while the
____________ conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.: Dendrites; axon
2. Match the following neurotransmitters with the correct description.: Dopamine:
Regulates emotional responses and muscles tone.
Norepinephrine: Produced by the adrenal glands.
Acetylcholine: Found at the neuromuscular junctions.
3. True or False: If false, explain why the statement is false. The peripheral nervous
system consists of the brain and spinal cord.: This statement is false. The central
nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system
includes all nerves that are not located in the brain or spinal cord.
4. Match the following lobes of the brain with the correct function.: Temporal: Contains
sensory areas for hearing and smelling.
Frontal: Controls higher level executive functions.
Parietal: Receives sensory information from body receptors.
Occipital: Interprets visual input.
5. Which of the following structures of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of afferent
neurons?: Dorsal root ganglion
6. Describe the function of the sympathetic nervous system when a threat is
present.: The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is often referred to as the "fight or flight"
system. When in immediate danger, muscles require a steady, increased supply of glucose
and oxygen for muscular contraction. The SNS accelerates the heartbeat, dilates the
bronchi, and increases the respiratory rate. This supplies the increased need for oxygen
throughout the body. The SNS also causes the liver to deliver more glucose for the body's
increased metabolic needs. Sympathetic activation inhibits the digestive tract because
digestion is not an immediate necessity when in danger or under attack.
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, A&P ll Portage Learning Alternate Final Exam
7. True or False: if false, explain why the statement is false. Visual information from the
left side will eventually be interpreted by the left side of the brain.: This statement is
false. Sensory information gathered from the left side of the body will eventually be
interpreted in the right side of the brain.
8. Explain the main steps in the process of hearing..: First, sound waves are funneled into
the external auditory canal, causing the eardrum to vibrate. The vibrations transmit to
the ossicles, which push against the fluid inside the cochlear duct. As the fluid within the
cochlear duct receives vibrations, the tectorial membrane moves and bends the
attached stereocilia. The mechanical movement of the stereocilia stimulates the
neurons to send impulses through the cochlear nerve to the primary auditory cortex of
the temporal lobe.
9. True or False: If false, explain why the statement is false. The following is the order of
the flow of information through the olfactory system.
Olfactory receptors > olfactory nerves > olfactory bulbs > olfactory tracts > temporal
lobes: This statement is true.
10. Fill in the Blanks: The two upper receiving chambers of the heart are called the
____________, while the two lower pumping chambers are called the
____________.: Atria; ventricles
11. Which vessels are constricted and dilated by muscles controlled by the sympathetic
and parasympathetic nervous system?: Arterioles.
12. True or False: If false, explain why the statement is false. Hydrostatic pressure is the
net pressure in the blood that moves fluid from the tissues into the
circulatory system.: This statement is false. Osmotic pressure is the net pressure in the
blood that moves fluid from the tissues into the circulatory system. Hydrostatic pressure
pushes fluid into the tissues by the pressure of blood pumping through the heart.
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1. Fill in the Blanks: The ____________ are the receiving end of a neuron, while the
____________ conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.: Dendrites; axon
2. Match the following neurotransmitters with the correct description.: Dopamine:
Regulates emotional responses and muscles tone.
Norepinephrine: Produced by the adrenal glands.
Acetylcholine: Found at the neuromuscular junctions.
3. True or False: If false, explain why the statement is false. The peripheral nervous
system consists of the brain and spinal cord.: This statement is false. The central
nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system
includes all nerves that are not located in the brain or spinal cord.
4. Match the following lobes of the brain with the correct function.: Temporal: Contains
sensory areas for hearing and smelling.
Frontal: Controls higher level executive functions.
Parietal: Receives sensory information from body receptors.
Occipital: Interprets visual input.
5. Which of the following structures of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of afferent
neurons?: Dorsal root ganglion
6. Describe the function of the sympathetic nervous system when a threat is
present.: The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is often referred to as the "fight or flight"
system. When in immediate danger, muscles require a steady, increased supply of glucose
and oxygen for muscular contraction. The SNS accelerates the heartbeat, dilates the
bronchi, and increases the respiratory rate. This supplies the increased need for oxygen
throughout the body. The SNS also causes the liver to deliver more glucose for the body's
increased metabolic needs. Sympathetic activation inhibits the digestive tract because
digestion is not an immediate necessity when in danger or under attack.
1/6
, A&P ll Portage Learning Alternate Final Exam
7. True or False: if false, explain why the statement is false. Visual information from the
left side will eventually be interpreted by the left side of the brain.: This statement is
false. Sensory information gathered from the left side of the body will eventually be
interpreted in the right side of the brain.
8. Explain the main steps in the process of hearing..: First, sound waves are funneled into
the external auditory canal, causing the eardrum to vibrate. The vibrations transmit to
the ossicles, which push against the fluid inside the cochlear duct. As the fluid within the
cochlear duct receives vibrations, the tectorial membrane moves and bends the
attached stereocilia. The mechanical movement of the stereocilia stimulates the
neurons to send impulses through the cochlear nerve to the primary auditory cortex of
the temporal lobe.
9. True or False: If false, explain why the statement is false. The following is the order of
the flow of information through the olfactory system.
Olfactory receptors > olfactory nerves > olfactory bulbs > olfactory tracts > temporal
lobes: This statement is true.
10. Fill in the Blanks: The two upper receiving chambers of the heart are called the
____________, while the two lower pumping chambers are called the
____________.: Atria; ventricles
11. Which vessels are constricted and dilated by muscles controlled by the sympathetic
and parasympathetic nervous system?: Arterioles.
12. True or False: If false, explain why the statement is false. Hydrostatic pressure is the
net pressure in the blood that moves fluid from the tissues into the
circulatory system.: This statement is false. Osmotic pressure is the net pressure in the
blood that moves fluid from the tissues into the circulatory system. Hydrostatic pressure
pushes fluid into the tissues by the pressure of blood pumping through the heart.
2/6
