BIOL 2457 final exam QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT | NEW UPDATE
Anatomy - (ANSWER)the study of the structures of the body & their relationships to each other
Physiology - (ANSWER)the study of the functions of the body parts & how they work to carry out their
life-sustaining activities
Gross Anatomy - (ANSWER)Studying anatomy without a microscope
Microscopic Anatomy - (ANSWER)Studying anatomy with a microscope
Molecular Physiology - (ANSWER)Studying the function of individual molecules
Systemic Physiology - (ANSWER)Studying the function of individual organ systems
Cellular Physiology - (ANSWER)Studying the function of individual cells
Pathophysiology - (ANSWER)Studying how diseases & aging alter physiology
Metabolism - (ANSWER)is the sum of all the chemical reactions that keep an organism alive
Catabolism - (ANSWER)the reactions that break down large molecules
Anabolism - (ANSWER)the reactions to build large molecules
Homeostasis - (ANSWER)a relatively constant set of internal conditions that stay the same even when
external conditions change
Negative Feedback Loops - (ANSWER)get the body back to the original set point as quickly as possible.
,BIOL 2457 final exam QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT | NEW UPDATE
Thermoregulation (e.g., body temperature)◦
Chemical balance (e.g., pH or blood salinity)◦
Hormone levels (e.g., insulin & glucagon - regulate blood sugar levels)
Positive Feedback Loops - (ANSWER)Goal: to create a "new (temporary) set point
Examples◦ Blood clotting◦
Labor & delivery◦
Neuron signaling
Integumentary - (ANSWER)The external body covering that makes Vitamin D and has receptors & glands
Muscular - (ANSWER)The system that enables movement, maintains posture, and generates heat
Skeletal - (ANSWER)The system that protects &supports organs and provides a framework for muscle
attachment
Nervous - (ANSWER)The control system that responds to internal & external stimuli
Cardiovascular - (ANSWER)The system that pumps blood(with oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, &
waste)
Lymphatic - (ANSWER)The system that collects fluid that leaks out of blood vessels and houses white
blood cells
Respiratory - (ANSWER)The system that supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide
, BIOL 2457 final exam QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT | NEW UPDATE
Endocrine - (ANSWER)The glands that secrete hormones to regulate growth, reproduction, &
metabolism
Digestive - (ANSWER)The system that breaks down food into absorbable units (that enter the
bloodstream) &eliminates waste
Urinary - (ANSWER)The system that regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance in the blood
Reproductive - (ANSWER)The system that is used to generate offspring
All of the body's organs are found inside_______ - (ANSWER)cavities
Dorsal cavities - (ANSWER)cranial &vertebral
protect: brain and spine or vertebral column
Ventral cavities - (ANSWER)thoracic, abdominal, & pelvic
protect: visceral organs
Axial ( body divisions) - (ANSWER)head, neck trunk
Appendicular ( body divisions) - (ANSWER)limbs
anatomical position - (ANSWER)The body is erect
The palms are facing forward
The feet are slightly separated
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT | NEW UPDATE
Anatomy - (ANSWER)the study of the structures of the body & their relationships to each other
Physiology - (ANSWER)the study of the functions of the body parts & how they work to carry out their
life-sustaining activities
Gross Anatomy - (ANSWER)Studying anatomy without a microscope
Microscopic Anatomy - (ANSWER)Studying anatomy with a microscope
Molecular Physiology - (ANSWER)Studying the function of individual molecules
Systemic Physiology - (ANSWER)Studying the function of individual organ systems
Cellular Physiology - (ANSWER)Studying the function of individual cells
Pathophysiology - (ANSWER)Studying how diseases & aging alter physiology
Metabolism - (ANSWER)is the sum of all the chemical reactions that keep an organism alive
Catabolism - (ANSWER)the reactions that break down large molecules
Anabolism - (ANSWER)the reactions to build large molecules
Homeostasis - (ANSWER)a relatively constant set of internal conditions that stay the same even when
external conditions change
Negative Feedback Loops - (ANSWER)get the body back to the original set point as quickly as possible.
,BIOL 2457 final exam QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT | NEW UPDATE
Thermoregulation (e.g., body temperature)◦
Chemical balance (e.g., pH or blood salinity)◦
Hormone levels (e.g., insulin & glucagon - regulate blood sugar levels)
Positive Feedback Loops - (ANSWER)Goal: to create a "new (temporary) set point
Examples◦ Blood clotting◦
Labor & delivery◦
Neuron signaling
Integumentary - (ANSWER)The external body covering that makes Vitamin D and has receptors & glands
Muscular - (ANSWER)The system that enables movement, maintains posture, and generates heat
Skeletal - (ANSWER)The system that protects &supports organs and provides a framework for muscle
attachment
Nervous - (ANSWER)The control system that responds to internal & external stimuli
Cardiovascular - (ANSWER)The system that pumps blood(with oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, &
waste)
Lymphatic - (ANSWER)The system that collects fluid that leaks out of blood vessels and houses white
blood cells
Respiratory - (ANSWER)The system that supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide
, BIOL 2457 final exam QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT | NEW UPDATE
Endocrine - (ANSWER)The glands that secrete hormones to regulate growth, reproduction, &
metabolism
Digestive - (ANSWER)The system that breaks down food into absorbable units (that enter the
bloodstream) &eliminates waste
Urinary - (ANSWER)The system that regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance in the blood
Reproductive - (ANSWER)The system that is used to generate offspring
All of the body's organs are found inside_______ - (ANSWER)cavities
Dorsal cavities - (ANSWER)cranial &vertebral
protect: brain and spine or vertebral column
Ventral cavities - (ANSWER)thoracic, abdominal, & pelvic
protect: visceral organs
Axial ( body divisions) - (ANSWER)head, neck trunk
Appendicular ( body divisions) - (ANSWER)limbs
anatomical position - (ANSWER)The body is erect
The palms are facing forward
The feet are slightly separated
