NURS 6011 AND 6013 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
The __ is the site of the cough reflex - ans.... -carina
Patients who need nasotracheal suctioning will cough when the nasotracheal
tubing reaches the - ans.... -carina (approximately the 2nd rib space)
This signals that tubing is near the lungs and if the cough is effective suctioning
may begin
During cpr hand are placed above the __ process to avoid breaking it off form the
sternum and causing complications such as pneumothorax, hem thorax, or liver
injury - ans.... -xiphoid
The left lung has __ lobes. The right lung has __ lobes - ans.... -two, three
The __ refers to the very bottom of the lung fields, the __ is the very top opposite
of the labeling of the heart - ans.... -base, apex
Lungs are auscultated from - ans.... -apex to base
The apex of each lung rises above the clavicle where lungs sounds are ___ - ans....
-audible
,Breath sounds over the trachea and mainstream bronchi are __ and __ than over
the other lung fields because these airways have larger diameters and thus more
airflow than smaller airways - ans.... -louder and harsher
Gas exchange occurs in - ans.... -the alveoli of the lungs
When fluid fills the alveoli __ __ may be audible on auscultation - ans.... -fine
crackles
Excessive fluid in the alveoli interfere with - ans.... -gas exchange, resulting in
decreased or absent breath sounds in that portion of the lung
The upper respiratory tract is responsible for - ans.... -moisturizing inhaled air and
filtering noxious particles
Respiration - ans.... -is primarily an automatic process initiated by the respiratory
center of the brainstem (pons and medulla) based on cellular demands
The main trigger for breathing is - ans.... -increased level of carbon dioxide in the
blood
When breathing is trigger - ans.... -the diaphragm contacts and flattens pulling the
lungs down. The thorax and lungs elongate increasing the vertical diameter
With aging respiratory strength __ - ans.... -declines
,With aging respiratory strength declines lungs lose __, flexibility __ in the
cartilage of the ribs, and bone density ___. - ans.... -elasticity, decreases,
decreases
If a patient has acute shortness of breath, immediately assess airway respiratory
and pulse rates, bp, and oxygen saturation. Auscultate the lungs to identify? -
ans.... -abnormalities such as diminished or absent breath sounds or evidence of
fluid in the lungs
-administer oxygen or a bronchodilating inhaler as ordered. If the patient is in bed
elevate the head of the bed to reduce the effect of gravity on the effort of
breathing
Orthopnea - ans.... -difficulty breathing when lying flat often sleep on two or more
pillows or even in recliners
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (pnd) - ans.... -patients who awaken at night with
sudden shortness of breath. The cause is fluid overload resulting from the
elevation of the legs, which shifts the fluid present there to the bodies core
Wheezing - ans.... -associated with asthma, chf, and bronchitis
-it occurs in response to narrowed bronchioles
-wheezing with asthma is worse in response to offending allergies, at night, and in
the early morning
Patients in respiratory distress or with copd often assume a __ position, leaning
forward on a stationary object such as table or with their elbows on their knees.
This position increases the size of the thoracic cavity, facilitating airflow. - ans.... -
tripod
, Hypoxemia - ans.... -a low level of oxygen in the blood
Bradypnea - ans.... -is less than 10 breaths/min
Tachypnea - ans.... -is breathing greater than 24 breaths/min
Pallor or cyanosis of the nail beds indicate __ - ans.... -hypoxia
Crackles - ans.... -are discontinuous sounds that are caused by fluid in the airways
or alveoli or that result from the opening of collapsed airways and alveoli while
they reinflate during deep breathing. They sound like hairs rubbing together near
the ear or velcro opening and are most often heard on inspiration although they
can occasionally be heard during expiration
__ are continous, high-pitched, musical sounds caused by air squeezing through
narrowed airways, as occurs in asthma. - ans.... -wheezing
Rhonchi - ans.... -continous, low-pitched, snoring sounds resulting from secretions
moving around in airways. May be clear with coughing and are heard most
commonly in patients with chronic bronchitis
Bronchophony - ans.... -the word 99 is clear and louder over denser areas. It
sounds as if the patient is speaking directly into the stethoscope this is
documented as positive bronchophony
Egophony - ans.... -the "eee" sounds like a loud "aaa"
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
The __ is the site of the cough reflex - ans.... -carina
Patients who need nasotracheal suctioning will cough when the nasotracheal
tubing reaches the - ans.... -carina (approximately the 2nd rib space)
This signals that tubing is near the lungs and if the cough is effective suctioning
may begin
During cpr hand are placed above the __ process to avoid breaking it off form the
sternum and causing complications such as pneumothorax, hem thorax, or liver
injury - ans.... -xiphoid
The left lung has __ lobes. The right lung has __ lobes - ans.... -two, three
The __ refers to the very bottom of the lung fields, the __ is the very top opposite
of the labeling of the heart - ans.... -base, apex
Lungs are auscultated from - ans.... -apex to base
The apex of each lung rises above the clavicle where lungs sounds are ___ - ans....
-audible
,Breath sounds over the trachea and mainstream bronchi are __ and __ than over
the other lung fields because these airways have larger diameters and thus more
airflow than smaller airways - ans.... -louder and harsher
Gas exchange occurs in - ans.... -the alveoli of the lungs
When fluid fills the alveoli __ __ may be audible on auscultation - ans.... -fine
crackles
Excessive fluid in the alveoli interfere with - ans.... -gas exchange, resulting in
decreased or absent breath sounds in that portion of the lung
The upper respiratory tract is responsible for - ans.... -moisturizing inhaled air and
filtering noxious particles
Respiration - ans.... -is primarily an automatic process initiated by the respiratory
center of the brainstem (pons and medulla) based on cellular demands
The main trigger for breathing is - ans.... -increased level of carbon dioxide in the
blood
When breathing is trigger - ans.... -the diaphragm contacts and flattens pulling the
lungs down. The thorax and lungs elongate increasing the vertical diameter
With aging respiratory strength __ - ans.... -declines
,With aging respiratory strength declines lungs lose __, flexibility __ in the
cartilage of the ribs, and bone density ___. - ans.... -elasticity, decreases,
decreases
If a patient has acute shortness of breath, immediately assess airway respiratory
and pulse rates, bp, and oxygen saturation. Auscultate the lungs to identify? -
ans.... -abnormalities such as diminished or absent breath sounds or evidence of
fluid in the lungs
-administer oxygen or a bronchodilating inhaler as ordered. If the patient is in bed
elevate the head of the bed to reduce the effect of gravity on the effort of
breathing
Orthopnea - ans.... -difficulty breathing when lying flat often sleep on two or more
pillows or even in recliners
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (pnd) - ans.... -patients who awaken at night with
sudden shortness of breath. The cause is fluid overload resulting from the
elevation of the legs, which shifts the fluid present there to the bodies core
Wheezing - ans.... -associated with asthma, chf, and bronchitis
-it occurs in response to narrowed bronchioles
-wheezing with asthma is worse in response to offending allergies, at night, and in
the early morning
Patients in respiratory distress or with copd often assume a __ position, leaning
forward on a stationary object such as table or with their elbows on their knees.
This position increases the size of the thoracic cavity, facilitating airflow. - ans.... -
tripod
, Hypoxemia - ans.... -a low level of oxygen in the blood
Bradypnea - ans.... -is less than 10 breaths/min
Tachypnea - ans.... -is breathing greater than 24 breaths/min
Pallor or cyanosis of the nail beds indicate __ - ans.... -hypoxia
Crackles - ans.... -are discontinuous sounds that are caused by fluid in the airways
or alveoli or that result from the opening of collapsed airways and alveoli while
they reinflate during deep breathing. They sound like hairs rubbing together near
the ear or velcro opening and are most often heard on inspiration although they
can occasionally be heard during expiration
__ are continous, high-pitched, musical sounds caused by air squeezing through
narrowed airways, as occurs in asthma. - ans.... -wheezing
Rhonchi - ans.... -continous, low-pitched, snoring sounds resulting from secretions
moving around in airways. May be clear with coughing and are heard most
commonly in patients with chronic bronchitis
Bronchophony - ans.... -the word 99 is clear and louder over denser areas. It
sounds as if the patient is speaking directly into the stethoscope this is
documented as positive bronchophony
Egophony - ans.... -the "eee" sounds like a loud "aaa"
