EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG
LATEST 2026 TEST BANK| BRAND
NEW COMPLETE WITH OVER 450
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
The nurse is caring for a client 4 days after the client was admitted to the hospital with burns on
the trunk and arms. The nurse collaborates with the dietician to develop a dietary plan for the
following day. Which plan will the nurse follow?
1) High caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg per day
2) High caloric intake, restricted potassium intake, and 1 g protein/kg per day
3) Moderate caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg per day
4) Moderate caloric intake, restricted potassium intake, and 1 g protein/kg per day
1) High caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg per day
A high-calorie diet is needed for the increased metabolic rate associated with burns; the
administration of potassium prevents hypokalemia, which can occur after the first 48 to 72 hours
when potassium moves from the extracellular compartment into the intracellular compartment;
protein promotes tissue repair. High caloric intake, restricted potassium intake, and 1 g
protein/kg per day do not meet the body’s needs for tissue repair; the protein and potassium are
too limited. Moderate caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg per day do not
meet the body’s needs for tissue repair; the calories are too limited. Moderate caloric intake,
restricted potassium intake, and 1 g protein/kg per day do not meet the body’s needs for tissue
repair; the calories, potassium, and protein are too limited.
While providing care for an obese client who underwent an open cholecystectomy, the nurse
identifies a separation in the surgical incision. Which complication is the client experiencing?
,1) Adhesions
2) Dehiscence
3) Evisceration
4) Contractions
2) Dehiscence
Which expected surgical outcome would the nurse include in the preoperative teaching for a
client scheduled for a labyrinthectomy to treat Meniere syndrome?
Absence of pain
Decreased cerumen
Loss of sense of smell
Permanent irreversible deafness
Permanent irreversible deafness
· The labyrinth is the inner ear and consists of the vestibule, cochlea, semicircular canals, and
other structures. A labyrinthectomy alleviates the symptoms of Meniere syndrome but results in
deafness on the affected side because the organ of Corti and cochlear nerve are located in the
inner ear. There is no pain associated with Meniere syndrome. Meniere syndrome does not affect
the production of cerumen. The scheduled surgical procedure does not affect the sense of smell
(anosmia).
Which type of vision problem would the nurse document when a client describes being able to
see near objects clearly, but objects in the distance are blurry?
Myopia
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
Astigmatism
,Myopia
· This client is describing myopia, which is nearsightedness. Hyperopia is farsightedness.
Presbyopia is the loss of accommodation, which causes an inability to focus on near objects.
Astigmatism is an uneven curvature of the cornea, which causes distorted vision.
Which clinical indicators would the nurse expect to identify when assessing a client who has
trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)? Select all that apply.
Prolonged periods of sleep
Hyperactivity
Exhaustion and fatigue
Excessive talkativeness
Inadequate nutritional intake
Exhaustion and fatigue
Inadequate nutritional intake
· Severe, constant pain; emotional stress; muscle tensing; and diminished nutritional intake can
lead to exhaustion and fatigue. The movements associated with chewing and swallowing may
precipitate a painful attack. Because clients are apprehensive and have pain, prolonged periods of
sleep usually do not occur. Pain medications do not normally cause hyperactivity. The client may
speak less for fear of precipitating an attack.
A client reports fever, redness, skin breakdown, and inflammation on the leg. Upon assessment,
the nurse finds the area to be tender and edematous with diffused borders. The nurse would
anticipate teaching the client about which condition?
1) Shingles
2) Cellulitis
3) Folliculitis
4) Onychomycosis
, 2) Cellulitis
Fever and redness due to inflammation are followed by skin breakdown in cellulitis. This
condition is clinically manifested by redness, warmth, and tenderness around the edematous area.
Shingles is characterized by linear distribution along a dermatome of grouped vesicles and
pustules on an erythematous or red base resembling chickenpox. Shingles may not be associated
with edema. Folliculitis is manifested by minimum erythema and small pustules at the hair
follicle opening. Onychomycosis is a fungal infection manifested by brittle, thickened, broken, or
crumbling nails with yellowish discoloration.
A home health nurse teaches a family member to cleanse a client's wound and apply a sterile
dressing. Which action by the family member during a return demonstration indicates the need
for additional teaching?
1) Placing the old dressing in a plastic bag
2) Changing the dressing without wearing a mask
3) Donning nonsterile gloves for removing the old dressing
4) Using a back-and-forth motion with the same gauze while cleaning the wound
4) Using a back-and-forth motion with the same gauze while cleaning the wound
After each swipe, sterile gauze should be discarded, and a new sterile gauze should be used for
the next swipe. The other options are correct. Placing the old dressing in a plastic bag confines
the soiled dressing to a leak-proof bag and prevents contamination of the environment or others.
A mask is not necessary. Nonsterile gloves are acceptable for dressing removal because the
dressing is contaminated; sterile gloves may be required for dressing application.
A client receives an autograft for a severe burn and is taught how to change the dressing. One
week after receiving the graft, the client identifies that the edges of the graft are curling up and
asks the nurse about it. Which is the best response by the nurse?
1) "May I take a look at it?"
2) "It's time for another graft."
LATEST 2026 TEST BANK| BRAND
NEW COMPLETE WITH OVER 450
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
The nurse is caring for a client 4 days after the client was admitted to the hospital with burns on
the trunk and arms. The nurse collaborates with the dietician to develop a dietary plan for the
following day. Which plan will the nurse follow?
1) High caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg per day
2) High caloric intake, restricted potassium intake, and 1 g protein/kg per day
3) Moderate caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg per day
4) Moderate caloric intake, restricted potassium intake, and 1 g protein/kg per day
1) High caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg per day
A high-calorie diet is needed for the increased metabolic rate associated with burns; the
administration of potassium prevents hypokalemia, which can occur after the first 48 to 72 hours
when potassium moves from the extracellular compartment into the intracellular compartment;
protein promotes tissue repair. High caloric intake, restricted potassium intake, and 1 g
protein/kg per day do not meet the body’s needs for tissue repair; the protein and potassium are
too limited. Moderate caloric intake, liberal potassium intake, and 3 g protein/kg per day do not
meet the body’s needs for tissue repair; the calories are too limited. Moderate caloric intake,
restricted potassium intake, and 1 g protein/kg per day do not meet the body’s needs for tissue
repair; the calories, potassium, and protein are too limited.
While providing care for an obese client who underwent an open cholecystectomy, the nurse
identifies a separation in the surgical incision. Which complication is the client experiencing?
,1) Adhesions
2) Dehiscence
3) Evisceration
4) Contractions
2) Dehiscence
Which expected surgical outcome would the nurse include in the preoperative teaching for a
client scheduled for a labyrinthectomy to treat Meniere syndrome?
Absence of pain
Decreased cerumen
Loss of sense of smell
Permanent irreversible deafness
Permanent irreversible deafness
· The labyrinth is the inner ear and consists of the vestibule, cochlea, semicircular canals, and
other structures. A labyrinthectomy alleviates the symptoms of Meniere syndrome but results in
deafness on the affected side because the organ of Corti and cochlear nerve are located in the
inner ear. There is no pain associated with Meniere syndrome. Meniere syndrome does not affect
the production of cerumen. The scheduled surgical procedure does not affect the sense of smell
(anosmia).
Which type of vision problem would the nurse document when a client describes being able to
see near objects clearly, but objects in the distance are blurry?
Myopia
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
Astigmatism
,Myopia
· This client is describing myopia, which is nearsightedness. Hyperopia is farsightedness.
Presbyopia is the loss of accommodation, which causes an inability to focus on near objects.
Astigmatism is an uneven curvature of the cornea, which causes distorted vision.
Which clinical indicators would the nurse expect to identify when assessing a client who has
trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)? Select all that apply.
Prolonged periods of sleep
Hyperactivity
Exhaustion and fatigue
Excessive talkativeness
Inadequate nutritional intake
Exhaustion and fatigue
Inadequate nutritional intake
· Severe, constant pain; emotional stress; muscle tensing; and diminished nutritional intake can
lead to exhaustion and fatigue. The movements associated with chewing and swallowing may
precipitate a painful attack. Because clients are apprehensive and have pain, prolonged periods of
sleep usually do not occur. Pain medications do not normally cause hyperactivity. The client may
speak less for fear of precipitating an attack.
A client reports fever, redness, skin breakdown, and inflammation on the leg. Upon assessment,
the nurse finds the area to be tender and edematous with diffused borders. The nurse would
anticipate teaching the client about which condition?
1) Shingles
2) Cellulitis
3) Folliculitis
4) Onychomycosis
, 2) Cellulitis
Fever and redness due to inflammation are followed by skin breakdown in cellulitis. This
condition is clinically manifested by redness, warmth, and tenderness around the edematous area.
Shingles is characterized by linear distribution along a dermatome of grouped vesicles and
pustules on an erythematous or red base resembling chickenpox. Shingles may not be associated
with edema. Folliculitis is manifested by minimum erythema and small pustules at the hair
follicle opening. Onychomycosis is a fungal infection manifested by brittle, thickened, broken, or
crumbling nails with yellowish discoloration.
A home health nurse teaches a family member to cleanse a client's wound and apply a sterile
dressing. Which action by the family member during a return demonstration indicates the need
for additional teaching?
1) Placing the old dressing in a plastic bag
2) Changing the dressing without wearing a mask
3) Donning nonsterile gloves for removing the old dressing
4) Using a back-and-forth motion with the same gauze while cleaning the wound
4) Using a back-and-forth motion with the same gauze while cleaning the wound
After each swipe, sterile gauze should be discarded, and a new sterile gauze should be used for
the next swipe. The other options are correct. Placing the old dressing in a plastic bag confines
the soiled dressing to a leak-proof bag and prevents contamination of the environment or others.
A mask is not necessary. Nonsterile gloves are acceptable for dressing removal because the
dressing is contaminated; sterile gloves may be required for dressing application.
A client receives an autograft for a severe burn and is taught how to change the dressing. One
week after receiving the graft, the client identifies that the edges of the graft are curling up and
asks the nurse about it. Which is the best response by the nurse?
1) "May I take a look at it?"
2) "It's time for another graft."
