NR503 EPIDEMIOLOGY FINAL, NR 503 EPI FINAL, NR 503
EPI MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS DETAILED
AND VERIFIED 2026
Common risk factors - correct answers unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use
Childhood risk - correct answers conditions before birth and early in childhood influence health
in adult life.
Risk accumulation - correct answers Ageing is an important marker of the accumulation of
modifiable risks for chronic disease
Underlying determinants - correct answers a reflection of the major forces driving social,
economic, and cultural change. I.e. globalization, urbanization, population ageing, and general
policy environment
Poverty - correct answers interconnected with chronic disease in a vicious circle increasing
exposure to risks and decreased access to health services
Primary prevention - correct answers aims to prevent disease. I.e. banning hazardous products,
educating on healthy/safe habits, immunizations
Secondary prevention - correct answers reduce impact of disease or injury that has already
occurred. I.e. screening tests, low-dose ASA, suitably modified work
,Tertiary prevention - correct answers aims to soften impact of ongoing illness. I.e. cardiac or
stroke rehab, support groups, vocational rehab
Cross Cultural Health Care Program (CCHCP) - correct answers materials to improve cultural
competency among health providers to provide healthcare interventions and other cultural
variants
Marginalization - correct answers Major cause of vulnerability referring to exposure to a range
of possible harms
Variables at risk for marginalization - correct answers high risk health literacy, cultural barriers,
low english proficiency
Cultural competence - correct answers a dynamic, fluid, continuous process whereby an
individual, system or health care agency find meaningful and useful care delivery strategies
based on knowledge of the cultural heritage, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those whom
they render care
Norms & values - correct answers soecific practices that guide the actions and decisions of each
person in a group based on their culture. Can be learned or shared.
Kleinman Explanatory Model - correct answers A set of questions that the APN can use in order
to assess the culture of a patient.
Socioeconomic status - correct answers A measure that takes into account three interrelated
dimensions: a person's income level, education level, and typ of occupation.
Disparities - correct answers a higher burden of illness, injury, disability, or mortality
experiences by one grup relative to another
, Minorities - correct answers a group of people who because of their physical or cultural
characteristics, are singled out from the other in society
Food desert - correct answers neighborhoods and communities that have limited access to
affordable and nutritious foods
Social determinants of health - correct answers poverty, education level, raciam, income, and
poor housisng that effect access to healthcare
Social justice theory - correct answers the goal that all people will have equal opportunity to
healthcare access and quality of healthcare will be the same
Data sources utilized to access determinants of health - correct answers Healthy People 2020,
US Census, US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health and Health
Disparities
Accommodation - correct answers To create an environment that accomodates health practice
and ritual from other cultures within a plan of care
Acculturation - correct answers degree to which an individual from one culture has given up the
traits of that culture and adopted the traits of the dominant culture in which they now reside
Assimilation - correct answers the social, economic, and political integration of a cultural group
into mainstream society to which it may have emigrated
Genetics - correct answers place patients at higher risk for certain disease and if family history
reveals this a screening tool could be used to determine the likelihood of a person developing
the disease
EPI MIDTERM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS DETAILED
AND VERIFIED 2026
Common risk factors - correct answers unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use
Childhood risk - correct answers conditions before birth and early in childhood influence health
in adult life.
Risk accumulation - correct answers Ageing is an important marker of the accumulation of
modifiable risks for chronic disease
Underlying determinants - correct answers a reflection of the major forces driving social,
economic, and cultural change. I.e. globalization, urbanization, population ageing, and general
policy environment
Poverty - correct answers interconnected with chronic disease in a vicious circle increasing
exposure to risks and decreased access to health services
Primary prevention - correct answers aims to prevent disease. I.e. banning hazardous products,
educating on healthy/safe habits, immunizations
Secondary prevention - correct answers reduce impact of disease or injury that has already
occurred. I.e. screening tests, low-dose ASA, suitably modified work
,Tertiary prevention - correct answers aims to soften impact of ongoing illness. I.e. cardiac or
stroke rehab, support groups, vocational rehab
Cross Cultural Health Care Program (CCHCP) - correct answers materials to improve cultural
competency among health providers to provide healthcare interventions and other cultural
variants
Marginalization - correct answers Major cause of vulnerability referring to exposure to a range
of possible harms
Variables at risk for marginalization - correct answers high risk health literacy, cultural barriers,
low english proficiency
Cultural competence - correct answers a dynamic, fluid, continuous process whereby an
individual, system or health care agency find meaningful and useful care delivery strategies
based on knowledge of the cultural heritage, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those whom
they render care
Norms & values - correct answers soecific practices that guide the actions and decisions of each
person in a group based on their culture. Can be learned or shared.
Kleinman Explanatory Model - correct answers A set of questions that the APN can use in order
to assess the culture of a patient.
Socioeconomic status - correct answers A measure that takes into account three interrelated
dimensions: a person's income level, education level, and typ of occupation.
Disparities - correct answers a higher burden of illness, injury, disability, or mortality
experiences by one grup relative to another
, Minorities - correct answers a group of people who because of their physical or cultural
characteristics, are singled out from the other in society
Food desert - correct answers neighborhoods and communities that have limited access to
affordable and nutritious foods
Social determinants of health - correct answers poverty, education level, raciam, income, and
poor housisng that effect access to healthcare
Social justice theory - correct answers the goal that all people will have equal opportunity to
healthcare access and quality of healthcare will be the same
Data sources utilized to access determinants of health - correct answers Healthy People 2020,
US Census, US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health and Health
Disparities
Accommodation - correct answers To create an environment that accomodates health practice
and ritual from other cultures within a plan of care
Acculturation - correct answers degree to which an individual from one culture has given up the
traits of that culture and adopted the traits of the dominant culture in which they now reside
Assimilation - correct answers the social, economic, and political integration of a cultural group
into mainstream society to which it may have emigrated
Genetics - correct answers place patients at higher risk for certain disease and if family history
reveals this a screening tool could be used to determine the likelihood of a person developing
the disease
