NR503 FINAL EXAM REVIEWED QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026
Pandemic - correct answers a global epidemic of disease that spreads to more than one
continent
Outbreak - correct answers the occurrence of disease in excess of what would normally be
expected in a community, location, or time of year. May last a matter of days, weeks, or years
Quarantine - correct answers The separation and restriction of people who were exposed to
contagious disease to see whether they become ill
Isolation - correct answers seperation of sick people from those who are not ill
Disaster epidemiology - correct answers the use of epidemiology to assess short- and long- term
health effects of disasters. Predict consequences of of future disasters.
Brings together various topic areas of epidemiology including acute, communicable disease,
environmental health, occupational health, chronic disease, injury, mental health, and
behavioral health
What causes new strains/outbreaks of disease - correct answers Antigenic Drift & Antigentic
Shift
, Antigenic Drift - correct answers SMALL CHANGES (mutations) in the genes of a virus that can
lead to surface protein changes
-happen continually over time as virus replicates
-Why people can get a virus (flu) more than once and why vaccines have to be updated
Antigenic Shift - correct answers Abrupt, MAJOR CHANGES in a virus, resulting in new surface
proteins that may affect humans
-happens less than the drift
-example: virus from an animal population now gains the ability to infect humans
Type A viruses - correct answers undergo both antigenic drift and shift
the only flu viruses known to cause PANDEMICS
Type B viruses - correct answers change only by the more gradual process of antigenic shift
Preparation and Actions for future Pandemics - correct answers CDC will request the public and
healthcare provides to decrease the spread of disease through isolation, closing schools, and
distance
-GOALS: maximize safety, meet basics of care, plan & education in place for infection control
Pandemic Severity Index - correct answers Category 1 (least deaths)-5 (most deaths) , based on
case fatality ratio
Implicit Bias - correct answers thoughts and feelings that we are unaware of or mistaken about
VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026
Pandemic - correct answers a global epidemic of disease that spreads to more than one
continent
Outbreak - correct answers the occurrence of disease in excess of what would normally be
expected in a community, location, or time of year. May last a matter of days, weeks, or years
Quarantine - correct answers The separation and restriction of people who were exposed to
contagious disease to see whether they become ill
Isolation - correct answers seperation of sick people from those who are not ill
Disaster epidemiology - correct answers the use of epidemiology to assess short- and long- term
health effects of disasters. Predict consequences of of future disasters.
Brings together various topic areas of epidemiology including acute, communicable disease,
environmental health, occupational health, chronic disease, injury, mental health, and
behavioral health
What causes new strains/outbreaks of disease - correct answers Antigenic Drift & Antigentic
Shift
, Antigenic Drift - correct answers SMALL CHANGES (mutations) in the genes of a virus that can
lead to surface protein changes
-happen continually over time as virus replicates
-Why people can get a virus (flu) more than once and why vaccines have to be updated
Antigenic Shift - correct answers Abrupt, MAJOR CHANGES in a virus, resulting in new surface
proteins that may affect humans
-happens less than the drift
-example: virus from an animal population now gains the ability to infect humans
Type A viruses - correct answers undergo both antigenic drift and shift
the only flu viruses known to cause PANDEMICS
Type B viruses - correct answers change only by the more gradual process of antigenic shift
Preparation and Actions for future Pandemics - correct answers CDC will request the public and
healthcare provides to decrease the spread of disease through isolation, closing schools, and
distance
-GOALS: maximize safety, meet basics of care, plan & education in place for infection control
Pandemic Severity Index - correct answers Category 1 (least deaths)-5 (most deaths) , based on
case fatality ratio
Implicit Bias - correct answers thoughts and feelings that we are unaware of or mistaken about
