NSG 503 - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
REVIEWED AND VERIFIED 2026
Disturbance in consciousness and a change in cognition developing over a short period of time
Usually ____ if the underlying cause identified
Should be treated as ____ - correct answers Delirium
reversible
An Emergency
ACUTE cognitive impairment = _____
CHRONIC cognitive impairment = ______ - correct answers Acute = Delirium
Chronic = Dementia
Delirium
Disturbance in ___ and a change in cognition developing over a ____ - correct answers
consciousness
short period of time
Delirium
- Key diagnostic criteria is _____ - correct answers Impaired consciousness
- Less aware of environment, loss of ability to focus
- Problems in memory, orientation and language
,Delirium - Epidemiology
Common in ____ - correct answers Older POSTOP patients
Delirium - Etiology
Can be caused by an imbalance in key neurochemicals, such as: ___ - correct answers DA
Serotonin
Cortisol
Acetylcholine
Glutamate
GABA
Delirium - Nursing interventions - Psychological domain
Adequate ___, reasonable ____
____ clocks and calendars
Frequent ___ orientation
___ and ____ readily available - correct answers Adequate lighting, reasonable noise level
Easy-to-read calendars and clocks
Frequent verbal orientation
Eyeglass and hearing aids readily available
____ is the inability to retain new information and impaired ability to recall memory - correct
answers Dementia
Dementia - Types
____ has rapid progression
____ more common - correct answers Early onset - rapid progression
, Late onset - more common
AZ - Landmark feature is ___ - correct answers Amnesia - partial or complete memory loss
AZ - diagnostic criteria
One or more of the following
____ alterations in language
____ Impaired ability to execute a movement
--> Person puts toothpaste on the toothbrush but they are unable to brush their teeth
____ Failure to recognize or identify objects
--> Person may try to comb their hair with a fork - correct answers Aphasia
Apraxia
Agnosia
First sign of dementia is ____ - correct answers Difficulty remembering what happened
yesterday or last week (short term)
AZ - Epidemiology
Higher incidence in _____ and ____ - correct answers African Americans and Latinos
AZ disease progression
1. ____ Completely dependent on others, incontinent. Long-term care placement
2. ____ Inability to retain new info, long-term memory loss. Behavioral, personality changes,
wandering. Assistance with ADLs, confusion
3. ____ Memory loss, language difficulties. Diminished judgement, personality changes. -
correct answers 1. Severe
2. Moderate
REVIEWED AND VERIFIED 2026
Disturbance in consciousness and a change in cognition developing over a short period of time
Usually ____ if the underlying cause identified
Should be treated as ____ - correct answers Delirium
reversible
An Emergency
ACUTE cognitive impairment = _____
CHRONIC cognitive impairment = ______ - correct answers Acute = Delirium
Chronic = Dementia
Delirium
Disturbance in ___ and a change in cognition developing over a ____ - correct answers
consciousness
short period of time
Delirium
- Key diagnostic criteria is _____ - correct answers Impaired consciousness
- Less aware of environment, loss of ability to focus
- Problems in memory, orientation and language
,Delirium - Epidemiology
Common in ____ - correct answers Older POSTOP patients
Delirium - Etiology
Can be caused by an imbalance in key neurochemicals, such as: ___ - correct answers DA
Serotonin
Cortisol
Acetylcholine
Glutamate
GABA
Delirium - Nursing interventions - Psychological domain
Adequate ___, reasonable ____
____ clocks and calendars
Frequent ___ orientation
___ and ____ readily available - correct answers Adequate lighting, reasonable noise level
Easy-to-read calendars and clocks
Frequent verbal orientation
Eyeglass and hearing aids readily available
____ is the inability to retain new information and impaired ability to recall memory - correct
answers Dementia
Dementia - Types
____ has rapid progression
____ more common - correct answers Early onset - rapid progression
, Late onset - more common
AZ - Landmark feature is ___ - correct answers Amnesia - partial or complete memory loss
AZ - diagnostic criteria
One or more of the following
____ alterations in language
____ Impaired ability to execute a movement
--> Person puts toothpaste on the toothbrush but they are unable to brush their teeth
____ Failure to recognize or identify objects
--> Person may try to comb their hair with a fork - correct answers Aphasia
Apraxia
Agnosia
First sign of dementia is ____ - correct answers Difficulty remembering what happened
yesterday or last week (short term)
AZ - Epidemiology
Higher incidence in _____ and ____ - correct answers African Americans and Latinos
AZ disease progression
1. ____ Completely dependent on others, incontinent. Long-term care placement
2. ____ Inability to retain new info, long-term memory loss. Behavioral, personality changes,
wandering. Assistance with ADLs, confusion
3. ____ Memory loss, language difficulties. Diminished judgement, personality changes. -
correct answers 1. Severe
2. Moderate
