GLPTI EVALUATION EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Blood pressure(BP) - ✔✔Systolic pressure- pressure on artery walls as heart
contracts
Diastolic pressure- pressure on artery walls as heart relaxes
Average resting BP is 120/80. 120 systolic, 80 diastolic
During exercise, systolic increases, diastolic stays the same or decreases
✔✔Heart Rate(HR) - ✔✔Number of times the heart beats in 1 minute
Resting HR= approximately 72 bpm
Pulse- felt at arteries close to the skin.
Increase in oxygen demand results in increase in HR
✔✔Stroke Volume(SV) - ✔✔The amount of blood that left the ventricle ejects in one
heartbeat
✔✔Respiratory system - ✔✔Exchange of gases occurs as a result of ventilation and
diffusion
✔✔Physiological benefits of Cardiorespiratory training - ✔✔Definition- Any for of training
that improves cardio-respiratory capacity
Cardio-respiratory capacity- Bodies ability to take in, deliver and use oxygen to create
energy.
Bigger mitochondria, more mitochondria
✔✔FITT formula in relation to cardiorespiratory training - ✔✔Frequency- Higher
frequency will result faster results
Intensity- Max HR run, 60-70% (moderate run)
Time- length of cardiorespiratory training is a variable to consider however it is not used
to change the intensity
Type- type of equipment used. Ex: biking vs running
✔✔Methods of assessing cardiorespiratory training - ✔✔HRmax=220-age
Target heart rate zones:
%HRmax method= (220-age)x intensity percentage
This method is typically used with beginners
HRR method= {(220-age-RHR) x intensity %} +RHR
RHR= resting heart rate
RPE- Rate of Perceived exertion.
✔✔General vs specific warm-up - ✔✔General warm-up guidelines:
Intensity of 10% of total workout time(typically 5-8min)
Specific Warm-up guidelines:
50% 1RM for 10-15 reps of the exercise to be attempted or similar movement pattern
, Minimal movement patterns, for the main workout, fires and gets ready neuromuscular
system
✔✔Cardio-Respiratory recovery(Cooldown) - ✔✔Active recovery- Is the completion of
low-intensity activity at a reduced ROM after completing a heavy workout or athletic
event in order to assist with recovery by promoting increased circulation above resting
levels.
✔✔Anatomical positions - ✔✔Anterior/posterior
Medial/Lateral
Superior/Inferior
Supine/Prone- flat back, face plant
Dorsal/Plantar
Proxima/Distal- close far
✔✔Synovial joints - ✔✔Gliding- Allows minimal movement in one plane, with rotation
Pivot- Allows rotation along a long axis
Hinge- allows movement in one direction or plane of motion
Condyloid- Allows movement in two directions or planes of motion
Saddle- Allows movement in several directions similar to but greater than condyloid
joints
Ball and Socket- Allows movement in three directions or planes of motion
✔✔Spinal stabilization and muscles of the core - ✔✔control subsystem(neural)
passive subsystem(spinal column)
active subsystem(spinal muscle)
✔✔Key structures of skeletal muscle - ✔✔Excitability
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity
✔✔Sliding filament theory of muscular contraction - ✔✔states that the actin filaments at
each end of the sarcomere slide inward on myosin filaments, pulling the Z-lines toward
the center of the sarcomere and thus shortening the muscle fiber
✔✔Types of muscle contraction - ✔✔concentric, eccentric, isometric
Synergists: help agonist contract, some secondary, some stabilizers, allows agonist
muscles to move efficiently.
Movement of the weight depends if its concentric or eccentric
Weight going up -> concentric
Weight going down -> eccentric
✔✔2 parts of the nervous system - ✔✔Central Nervous System(CNS)
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Blood pressure(BP) - ✔✔Systolic pressure- pressure on artery walls as heart
contracts
Diastolic pressure- pressure on artery walls as heart relaxes
Average resting BP is 120/80. 120 systolic, 80 diastolic
During exercise, systolic increases, diastolic stays the same or decreases
✔✔Heart Rate(HR) - ✔✔Number of times the heart beats in 1 minute
Resting HR= approximately 72 bpm
Pulse- felt at arteries close to the skin.
Increase in oxygen demand results in increase in HR
✔✔Stroke Volume(SV) - ✔✔The amount of blood that left the ventricle ejects in one
heartbeat
✔✔Respiratory system - ✔✔Exchange of gases occurs as a result of ventilation and
diffusion
✔✔Physiological benefits of Cardiorespiratory training - ✔✔Definition- Any for of training
that improves cardio-respiratory capacity
Cardio-respiratory capacity- Bodies ability to take in, deliver and use oxygen to create
energy.
Bigger mitochondria, more mitochondria
✔✔FITT formula in relation to cardiorespiratory training - ✔✔Frequency- Higher
frequency will result faster results
Intensity- Max HR run, 60-70% (moderate run)
Time- length of cardiorespiratory training is a variable to consider however it is not used
to change the intensity
Type- type of equipment used. Ex: biking vs running
✔✔Methods of assessing cardiorespiratory training - ✔✔HRmax=220-age
Target heart rate zones:
%HRmax method= (220-age)x intensity percentage
This method is typically used with beginners
HRR method= {(220-age-RHR) x intensity %} +RHR
RHR= resting heart rate
RPE- Rate of Perceived exertion.
✔✔General vs specific warm-up - ✔✔General warm-up guidelines:
Intensity of 10% of total workout time(typically 5-8min)
Specific Warm-up guidelines:
50% 1RM for 10-15 reps of the exercise to be attempted or similar movement pattern
, Minimal movement patterns, for the main workout, fires and gets ready neuromuscular
system
✔✔Cardio-Respiratory recovery(Cooldown) - ✔✔Active recovery- Is the completion of
low-intensity activity at a reduced ROM after completing a heavy workout or athletic
event in order to assist with recovery by promoting increased circulation above resting
levels.
✔✔Anatomical positions - ✔✔Anterior/posterior
Medial/Lateral
Superior/Inferior
Supine/Prone- flat back, face plant
Dorsal/Plantar
Proxima/Distal- close far
✔✔Synovial joints - ✔✔Gliding- Allows minimal movement in one plane, with rotation
Pivot- Allows rotation along a long axis
Hinge- allows movement in one direction or plane of motion
Condyloid- Allows movement in two directions or planes of motion
Saddle- Allows movement in several directions similar to but greater than condyloid
joints
Ball and Socket- Allows movement in three directions or planes of motion
✔✔Spinal stabilization and muscles of the core - ✔✔control subsystem(neural)
passive subsystem(spinal column)
active subsystem(spinal muscle)
✔✔Key structures of skeletal muscle - ✔✔Excitability
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity
✔✔Sliding filament theory of muscular contraction - ✔✔states that the actin filaments at
each end of the sarcomere slide inward on myosin filaments, pulling the Z-lines toward
the center of the sarcomere and thus shortening the muscle fiber
✔✔Types of muscle contraction - ✔✔concentric, eccentric, isometric
Synergists: help agonist contract, some secondary, some stabilizers, allows agonist
muscles to move efficiently.
Movement of the weight depends if its concentric or eccentric
Weight going up -> concentric
Weight going down -> eccentric
✔✔2 parts of the nervous system - ✔✔Central Nervous System(CNS)
