OHIO COSMETOLOGY STUDY GUIDE 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Attitude - ✔✔the specific and identifiable emotion and/or reaction one experiences
and projects in dealing with the demands of life
✔✔One of your greatest assets in life - ✔✔an attractive personality
✔✔As personality develops, one establishes their own personal system of moral
principles and values which is know as... - ✔✔personal ethics
✔✔Professional ethics - ✔✔deals with proper conduct in relationships with your
employer, co-workers, and clients
✔✔Microbiology - ✔✔the study of small, living organisms called microbes, such as
bacteria
✔✔Bacteria - ✔✔sometimes called germs or microbes, are one-celled micro-organisms
✔✔Nonpathogenic - ✔✔non-disease-producing bacteria
✔✔Pathogentic - ✔✔disease-producing bacteria
✔✔Saprophytes - ✔✔are nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead matter and do not
produce disease.
✔✔Approximately ____% of all bacteria are nonpathogenic - ✔✔70
✔✔When a disease spreads from one person to another via contact, it is referred to
as... - ✔✔contagious or communicable
✔✔Cocci - ✔✔spherical bacterial cells, which appear singularly or in groups
✔✔Staphylococci - ✔✔pus-forming bacterial cells that form grapelike bunches and are
present in abscesses, pustules, and boils
✔✔Streptococci - ✔✔pus-forming bacterial cells that form in long chains and can cause
septisemia (blood poisoning), strep throat, rheumatic fever and other serious infections
✔✔Diplococci - ✔✔bacterial cells that grow in pairs and are the cause of certain
infections, including pneumonia
, ✔✔Bacilli - ✔✔the most common form of bacterial cells, are bar/rod shaped cells that
can produce a variety of diseases including tetanus, bacterial influenza, typhoid fever,
tuberculosis and diphtheria
✔✔Spirilla - ✔✔spiraled, coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells that cause highly
contagious diseases such as syphilis, cholera, and lyme disease
✔✔Bacteria can cause infections by invading the body through _____ or through any of
the body's ______ - ✔✔a break in the skin, natural openings
✔✔Active stage (bacterial growth) - ✔✔bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly
✔✔Mitosis - ✔✔when cells grow and divide, creating two new cells
✔✔Inactive/dormant stage (bacterial growth) - ✔✔when conditions for living is
unfavorable and bacteria forms spores that are not harmed by disinfectants, cold, or
heat
✔✔Flagella and cilia - ✔✔hairlike projections that allow bacilli and spirilla to move
✔✔Virus - ✔✔sub-microscopic particles (much smaller than bacteria) that cause
diseases like the common cold, chicken pox, mumps, measles, mall pox, yellow fever,
rabies, HIV (AIDS), hepatitis and polio
✔✔Human Hepatitis B (HBV) - ✔✔a highly infectious disease that infects the liver.
✔✔Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) - ✔✔a disease caused by HIV
(Human Immunodeficiency Virus) which is spread when body fluids from an infected
individual are absorbed into the blood stream of an uninfected individual. This causes
the immune system to beak down
✔✔External parasites - ✔✔organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another
organism
✔✔Infection - ✔✔occurs when pathogenic bacteria or viruses enter the body and
multiply to the point of interfering with the body's normal state
✔✔Bloodborne pathogens - ✔✔pathogenic bacteria or viruses that are carried though
the blood or body fluids
✔✔Local infections - ✔✔is located in a small, confined area. Often indicated by a pus-
filled boil, pimple or inflamed area
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Attitude - ✔✔the specific and identifiable emotion and/or reaction one experiences
and projects in dealing with the demands of life
✔✔One of your greatest assets in life - ✔✔an attractive personality
✔✔As personality develops, one establishes their own personal system of moral
principles and values which is know as... - ✔✔personal ethics
✔✔Professional ethics - ✔✔deals with proper conduct in relationships with your
employer, co-workers, and clients
✔✔Microbiology - ✔✔the study of small, living organisms called microbes, such as
bacteria
✔✔Bacteria - ✔✔sometimes called germs or microbes, are one-celled micro-organisms
✔✔Nonpathogenic - ✔✔non-disease-producing bacteria
✔✔Pathogentic - ✔✔disease-producing bacteria
✔✔Saprophytes - ✔✔are nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead matter and do not
produce disease.
✔✔Approximately ____% of all bacteria are nonpathogenic - ✔✔70
✔✔When a disease spreads from one person to another via contact, it is referred to
as... - ✔✔contagious or communicable
✔✔Cocci - ✔✔spherical bacterial cells, which appear singularly or in groups
✔✔Staphylococci - ✔✔pus-forming bacterial cells that form grapelike bunches and are
present in abscesses, pustules, and boils
✔✔Streptococci - ✔✔pus-forming bacterial cells that form in long chains and can cause
septisemia (blood poisoning), strep throat, rheumatic fever and other serious infections
✔✔Diplococci - ✔✔bacterial cells that grow in pairs and are the cause of certain
infections, including pneumonia
, ✔✔Bacilli - ✔✔the most common form of bacterial cells, are bar/rod shaped cells that
can produce a variety of diseases including tetanus, bacterial influenza, typhoid fever,
tuberculosis and diphtheria
✔✔Spirilla - ✔✔spiraled, coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells that cause highly
contagious diseases such as syphilis, cholera, and lyme disease
✔✔Bacteria can cause infections by invading the body through _____ or through any of
the body's ______ - ✔✔a break in the skin, natural openings
✔✔Active stage (bacterial growth) - ✔✔bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly
✔✔Mitosis - ✔✔when cells grow and divide, creating two new cells
✔✔Inactive/dormant stage (bacterial growth) - ✔✔when conditions for living is
unfavorable and bacteria forms spores that are not harmed by disinfectants, cold, or
heat
✔✔Flagella and cilia - ✔✔hairlike projections that allow bacilli and spirilla to move
✔✔Virus - ✔✔sub-microscopic particles (much smaller than bacteria) that cause
diseases like the common cold, chicken pox, mumps, measles, mall pox, yellow fever,
rabies, HIV (AIDS), hepatitis and polio
✔✔Human Hepatitis B (HBV) - ✔✔a highly infectious disease that infects the liver.
✔✔Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) - ✔✔a disease caused by HIV
(Human Immunodeficiency Virus) which is spread when body fluids from an infected
individual are absorbed into the blood stream of an uninfected individual. This causes
the immune system to beak down
✔✔External parasites - ✔✔organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another
organism
✔✔Infection - ✔✔occurs when pathogenic bacteria or viruses enter the body and
multiply to the point of interfering with the body's normal state
✔✔Bloodborne pathogens - ✔✔pathogenic bacteria or viruses that are carried though
the blood or body fluids
✔✔Local infections - ✔✔is located in a small, confined area. Often indicated by a pus-
filled boil, pimple or inflamed area
