DEP 2004 LATEST 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔myelination - ✔✔produced by glial cells, fatty tissue that covers axons, make
messages more efficient, myelination occurs with maturation.
✔✔\experience expectant - ✔✔brain functions require basic common experiences to
develop normally.
✔✔experience dependent - ✔✔brain functions. Depend on particular and variable
experiences to develop.
✔✔Piaget: - ✔✔developmental psychologist focused on children's cognitive
development. Piaget said learn to organize information into schemas
✔✔Infans adapt information in two ways - ✔✔assimilation and accommodation.
✔✔Accommodation - ✔✔intake of new data to readjust, refine, expand prior schema or
actions.
✔✔Assimilation - ✔✔taking in new information by incorporating it into previous
knowledge or schemas.
✔✔stages of cognitive development - ✔✔birth to 2-3 years sensorimotor (6 sub stages)
experience the world through senses and actions ( looking, touching, mouthing)
Object permanence,
stranger anxiety,
first words.
✔✔Primary circular reactions - ✔✔the first of the three types of feedback loop in
sensory motor intelligence. Involving the infants own body, infants senses motion (
sucking, noise) and tries to make sense of it.
✔✔Stage 1 - ✔✔Reflexes ( birth -1 month)
✔✔Stage 2 - ✔✔First Acquired Adaptations -----(1-4months) adaption of reflexes, i.e.
sucking- new information taken in by senses and responded to
✔✔Secondary Circular Reactions - ✔✔feedback loop involving people and objects
✔✔Stage 3 - ✔✔Making Interesting Events Last (4-8months) understand how to
continue experience , repetition
, ✔✔Stage 4 - ✔✔New Adaptation & Anticipation ------(8-12) months :goal directed
behavior ( purposeful actions); object permanence.
✔✔Tertiary Circular Reactions - ✔✔feed loop that involves active experimentation and
exploration. Involves creativity, action and ideas
✔✔Stage 5 - ✔✔New Means through Active Experimentation (12-18 months) little
scientist( experiment in order to see); trial and error.
✔✔Stage 6 - ✔✔New Means through Mental Combinations ---- (18-24 months) mental
combinations, deferred imitation, and representational ability.
✔✔Memory - ✔✔certain amount of experience and maturation in order to process and
remember experiences. ( infants have difficulty storing new memories in their first year
✔✔rovee-collier's research shows very early memories possible if - ✔✔a) situation
similar to real life;
b) motivation high;
c) special measures aid retrieval by acting as reminders
✔✔Language development: ------( what develops in two years? ) - ✔✔Most impressive
intellectual achievement of young child and also of all humans
Receptive vocabulary outpaces expressive vocabulary.
✔✔Sounds from birth to two years - ✔✔1) Reflexive cries ( newborn)
2) Vocalization---crying, cooing, laughing (2-6 months)
3) Babbling (6-9 months)
4) First words (12 months)
5) Naming explosion (18 months)
6) Many new words ( 16-24 months) many nouns
7) Two word sentences ( 24 months
✔✔Theories - Skinner's reinforcement theory - ✔✔( theory 1, infants are taught )
quantity and quality of talking to child affects rate of language development ( learned)
✔✔Chomsky's - nativistic- LAD theory - ✔✔( theory 2, infants teach themselves)
(language acquisition device)----hypothesized neurological (inborn) structure that
prewires all children for language for language, including basic aspects of intonation,
grammar, and vocabulary
a) Infants innately ready to use their minds to understand and speak whatever language
offered to them
b) They are experience expectant.
✔✔Synchrony - ✔✔( year1)-----coordinated interaction between caregiver and infant
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔myelination - ✔✔produced by glial cells, fatty tissue that covers axons, make
messages more efficient, myelination occurs with maturation.
✔✔\experience expectant - ✔✔brain functions require basic common experiences to
develop normally.
✔✔experience dependent - ✔✔brain functions. Depend on particular and variable
experiences to develop.
✔✔Piaget: - ✔✔developmental psychologist focused on children's cognitive
development. Piaget said learn to organize information into schemas
✔✔Infans adapt information in two ways - ✔✔assimilation and accommodation.
✔✔Accommodation - ✔✔intake of new data to readjust, refine, expand prior schema or
actions.
✔✔Assimilation - ✔✔taking in new information by incorporating it into previous
knowledge or schemas.
✔✔stages of cognitive development - ✔✔birth to 2-3 years sensorimotor (6 sub stages)
experience the world through senses and actions ( looking, touching, mouthing)
Object permanence,
stranger anxiety,
first words.
✔✔Primary circular reactions - ✔✔the first of the three types of feedback loop in
sensory motor intelligence. Involving the infants own body, infants senses motion (
sucking, noise) and tries to make sense of it.
✔✔Stage 1 - ✔✔Reflexes ( birth -1 month)
✔✔Stage 2 - ✔✔First Acquired Adaptations -----(1-4months) adaption of reflexes, i.e.
sucking- new information taken in by senses and responded to
✔✔Secondary Circular Reactions - ✔✔feedback loop involving people and objects
✔✔Stage 3 - ✔✔Making Interesting Events Last (4-8months) understand how to
continue experience , repetition
, ✔✔Stage 4 - ✔✔New Adaptation & Anticipation ------(8-12) months :goal directed
behavior ( purposeful actions); object permanence.
✔✔Tertiary Circular Reactions - ✔✔feed loop that involves active experimentation and
exploration. Involves creativity, action and ideas
✔✔Stage 5 - ✔✔New Means through Active Experimentation (12-18 months) little
scientist( experiment in order to see); trial and error.
✔✔Stage 6 - ✔✔New Means through Mental Combinations ---- (18-24 months) mental
combinations, deferred imitation, and representational ability.
✔✔Memory - ✔✔certain amount of experience and maturation in order to process and
remember experiences. ( infants have difficulty storing new memories in their first year
✔✔rovee-collier's research shows very early memories possible if - ✔✔a) situation
similar to real life;
b) motivation high;
c) special measures aid retrieval by acting as reminders
✔✔Language development: ------( what develops in two years? ) - ✔✔Most impressive
intellectual achievement of young child and also of all humans
Receptive vocabulary outpaces expressive vocabulary.
✔✔Sounds from birth to two years - ✔✔1) Reflexive cries ( newborn)
2) Vocalization---crying, cooing, laughing (2-6 months)
3) Babbling (6-9 months)
4) First words (12 months)
5) Naming explosion (18 months)
6) Many new words ( 16-24 months) many nouns
7) Two word sentences ( 24 months
✔✔Theories - Skinner's reinforcement theory - ✔✔( theory 1, infants are taught )
quantity and quality of talking to child affects rate of language development ( learned)
✔✔Chomsky's - nativistic- LAD theory - ✔✔( theory 2, infants teach themselves)
(language acquisition device)----hypothesized neurological (inborn) structure that
prewires all children for language for language, including basic aspects of intonation,
grammar, and vocabulary
a) Infants innately ready to use their minds to understand and speak whatever language
offered to them
b) They are experience expectant.
✔✔Synchrony - ✔✔( year1)-----coordinated interaction between caregiver and infant
