2
Intro to Criminal Justice 2026 Exam 1 with precise detailed
|| || || || || || || || || ||
answers
Crime - ✔✔A specific act of commission of omission in violation of the law, for which a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
punishment is prescribed. || ||
Public Policy - ✔✔Priorities and actions developed by government to use public resources as a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
means to deal with issues affecting society.
|| || || || || ||
Crime Control Model - ✔✔A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom is so
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
important that every effort must be made to repress crime; it emphasizes efficiency, speed,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
finality, and the capacity to apprehend, try, convict, and dispose of a high proportion of offenders.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(Assembly line) ||
Goal - Repress crime; Value - Efficiency; Process - Administrative; Major Decision Point -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Police, pretrial processes; Basis of Decision Making - Discretion;
|| || || || || || || ||
Due Process Model - ✔✔A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom is so
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
important that every effort must be made to ensure that criminal justice decisions are based on
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
reliable information; it emphasizes the adversarial process, the rights of defendants, and formal
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
decision-making procedures. (Obstacle course) || || ||
Goal - Preserve individual liberties; Value - Reliability; Process - Adversarial; Major Decision
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Point - Courtroom; Basis of Decision Making - Law;
|| || || || || || || ||
Mala in se - ✔✔Offenses that are wrong by their nature. (Murder, rape, robbery etc.)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Mala prohibita - ✔✔Offenses prohibited by law but not wrong in themselves. (Drug use,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
prostitution, gambling etc.) || ||
, 2
Felonies - ✔✔Serious crimes usually carrying a penalty of incarceration for more than one year
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
or the death penalty.
|| || ||
Misdemeanors - ✔✔Offenses less serious than felonies and usually punishable by incarceration || || || || || || || || || || || ||
of no more than one year, probation, or intermediate sanctions.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Visible Crime - ✔✔An offense against persons or property that is committed primarily by
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
members of the lower social classes. Often referred to as "street crime" or "ordinary crime", this
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
type of offense is the one most upsetting to public.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Visible crimes include? - ✔✔Violent Crimes
|| || || || ||
Property Crimes ||
Public Order Crimes || ||
Violent Crimes - ✔✔Acts against people in which death or physical injury results. Including:
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
homicide, assault, rape, robbery || || ||
Property Crimes - ✔✔Acts that threaten property held by individuals or by the state. Including:
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
theft, larceny, shoplifting, embezzlement, and burglary.
|| || || || ||
Public Order Crimes - ✔✔Acts that threaten the general well-being of society and challenge
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
accepted moral principles. Including: public drunkeness, aggressive panhandling, vandalism, and
|| || || || || || || || || ||
disorderly conduct. ||
Occupational Crime - ✔✔Criminal offense committed through opportunities created in a legal || || || || || || || || || || || ||
business or occupation. || ||
What are the four types of occupational crime? - ✔✔1. Occupational crimes for the benefit of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
employing organization. (Price fixing, theft of trade secrets, falsification of produced tests).
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
2. Occupational crimes through the exercise of government authority. (Removal of drugs from
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
evidence room by a police officer, bribe to public official, etc.)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Intro to Criminal Justice 2026 Exam 1 with precise detailed
|| || || || || || || || || ||
answers
Crime - ✔✔A specific act of commission of omission in violation of the law, for which a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
punishment is prescribed. || ||
Public Policy - ✔✔Priorities and actions developed by government to use public resources as a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
means to deal with issues affecting society.
|| || || || || ||
Crime Control Model - ✔✔A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom is so
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
important that every effort must be made to repress crime; it emphasizes efficiency, speed,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
finality, and the capacity to apprehend, try, convict, and dispose of a high proportion of offenders.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(Assembly line) ||
Goal - Repress crime; Value - Efficiency; Process - Administrative; Major Decision Point -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Police, pretrial processes; Basis of Decision Making - Discretion;
|| || || || || || || ||
Due Process Model - ✔✔A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom is so
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
important that every effort must be made to ensure that criminal justice decisions are based on
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
reliable information; it emphasizes the adversarial process, the rights of defendants, and formal
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
decision-making procedures. (Obstacle course) || || ||
Goal - Preserve individual liberties; Value - Reliability; Process - Adversarial; Major Decision
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Point - Courtroom; Basis of Decision Making - Law;
|| || || || || || || ||
Mala in se - ✔✔Offenses that are wrong by their nature. (Murder, rape, robbery etc.)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Mala prohibita - ✔✔Offenses prohibited by law but not wrong in themselves. (Drug use,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
prostitution, gambling etc.) || ||
, 2
Felonies - ✔✔Serious crimes usually carrying a penalty of incarceration for more than one year
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
or the death penalty.
|| || ||
Misdemeanors - ✔✔Offenses less serious than felonies and usually punishable by incarceration || || || || || || || || || || || ||
of no more than one year, probation, or intermediate sanctions.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Visible Crime - ✔✔An offense against persons or property that is committed primarily by
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
members of the lower social classes. Often referred to as "street crime" or "ordinary crime", this
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
type of offense is the one most upsetting to public.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Visible crimes include? - ✔✔Violent Crimes
|| || || || ||
Property Crimes ||
Public Order Crimes || ||
Violent Crimes - ✔✔Acts against people in which death or physical injury results. Including:
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
homicide, assault, rape, robbery || || ||
Property Crimes - ✔✔Acts that threaten property held by individuals or by the state. Including:
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
theft, larceny, shoplifting, embezzlement, and burglary.
|| || || || ||
Public Order Crimes - ✔✔Acts that threaten the general well-being of society and challenge
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
accepted moral principles. Including: public drunkeness, aggressive panhandling, vandalism, and
|| || || || || || || || || ||
disorderly conduct. ||
Occupational Crime - ✔✔Criminal offense committed through opportunities created in a legal || || || || || || || || || || || ||
business or occupation. || ||
What are the four types of occupational crime? - ✔✔1. Occupational crimes for the benefit of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
employing organization. (Price fixing, theft of trade secrets, falsification of produced tests).
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
2. Occupational crimes through the exercise of government authority. (Removal of drugs from
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
evidence room by a police officer, bribe to public official, etc.)
|| || || || || || || || || ||
