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CJ 101 Introduction to Criminal Justice Exam with precise
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detailed answers ||
Informal sanctions - ✔✔social norms that are enforced through the social forces of family,
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school, government, and religion.
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Social norms - ✔✔The expected normative behavior in a society.
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Formal sanctions - ✔✔Social norms enforced through the laws of the criminal justice system.
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Order maintenance - ✔✔activities of law enforcement that resolve conflicts and assist in the
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regulation of day-to-day interactions of citizens.
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System of social control - ✔✔A social system designed to maintain order and regulate
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interactions.
Due process rights - ✔✔Rights guaranteed to persons by the Constitution and its amendments.
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Crime-control (public order) model - ✔✔A model of the criminal justice system in which
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emphasis is placed on fighting crime and protecting potential victims.
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Due process model - ✔✔A model that ensures that individuals are protected from arbitrary and
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excessive abuse of power by the government.
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Criminal justice system - ✔✔The enforcement, by the police, the courts, and correctional
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institutions, of obedience to laws. || || || ||
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Picket fence model - ✔✔The model of the criminal justice system in which the local, state, and
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federal criminal justice systems are depicted as three horizontal levels connected vertically by the
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roles, functions, and activities of the agencies that comprise them.
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Checks and balances - ✔✔The authority of agencies to void actions of other criminal justice
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agencies.
Input-output model - ✔✔A model of how people are processed through the criminal justice|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
system until they exit the system.
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Arrest - ✔✔To restrict the freedom of a person by taking him or her into police custody.
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Booking - ✔✔Police activity that establishes the identification of an arrested person and formally
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charges that person with a crime. || || || || ||
Bail - ✔✔Release of the defendant prior to trial.
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Indictment - ✔✔The formal verdict of the grand jury that there is sufficient evidence to bring a
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person to trial. || ||
Preliminary hearing - ✔✔A hearing before a magistrate judge in which the prosecution presents
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evidence to convince the judge that there is probable cause to bring that defendant to trail.
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Probable cause hearing - ✔✔A hearing to determine whether there is a direct link between a
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suspect and a crime. || || ||
Grand jury - ✔✔A panel of citizens that decides whether there is probable cause to indict a
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defendant on the alleged charges. || || || ||
True bill - ✔✔A jury's decision that authorizes the prosecutor to arraign the defendant.
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CJ 101 Introduction to Criminal Justice Exam with precise
|| || || || || || || || ||
detailed answers ||
Informal sanctions - ✔✔social norms that are enforced through the social forces of family,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
school, government, and religion.
|| || ||
Social norms - ✔✔The expected normative behavior in a society.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Formal sanctions - ✔✔Social norms enforced through the laws of the criminal justice system.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Order maintenance - ✔✔activities of law enforcement that resolve conflicts and assist in the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
regulation of day-to-day interactions of citizens.
|| || || || ||
System of social control - ✔✔A social system designed to maintain order and regulate
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
interactions.
Due process rights - ✔✔Rights guaranteed to persons by the Constitution and its amendments.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Crime-control (public order) model - ✔✔A model of the criminal justice system in which
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
emphasis is placed on fighting crime and protecting potential victims.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Due process model - ✔✔A model that ensures that individuals are protected from arbitrary and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
excessive abuse of power by the government.
|| || || || || ||
Criminal justice system - ✔✔The enforcement, by the police, the courts, and correctional
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
institutions, of obedience to laws. || || || ||
, 2
Picket fence model - ✔✔The model of the criminal justice system in which the local, state, and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
federal criminal justice systems are depicted as three horizontal levels connected vertically by the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
roles, functions, and activities of the agencies that comprise them.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Checks and balances - ✔✔The authority of agencies to void actions of other criminal justice
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
agencies.
Input-output model - ✔✔A model of how people are processed through the criminal justice|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
system until they exit the system.
|| || || || ||
Arrest - ✔✔To restrict the freedom of a person by taking him or her into police custody.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Booking - ✔✔Police activity that establishes the identification of an arrested person and formally
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
charges that person with a crime. || || || || ||
Bail - ✔✔Release of the defendant prior to trial.
|| || || || || || || ||
Indictment - ✔✔The formal verdict of the grand jury that there is sufficient evidence to bring a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
person to trial. || ||
Preliminary hearing - ✔✔A hearing before a magistrate judge in which the prosecution presents
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
evidence to convince the judge that there is probable cause to bring that defendant to trail.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Probable cause hearing - ✔✔A hearing to determine whether there is a direct link between a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
suspect and a crime. || || ||
Grand jury - ✔✔A panel of citizens that decides whether there is probable cause to indict a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
defendant on the alleged charges. || || || ||
True bill - ✔✔A jury's decision that authorizes the prosecutor to arraign the defendant.
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