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Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on nitroglycerin
therapy? - ANSWERS-To inhibit the development of tolerance
What age-related changes place the elderly at risk for an exaggerated response to
Warfarin (Coumadin) and Heparin? - ANSWERS-Protein binding changes and decrease
in clotting factors.
Along with diet, what drug is used to treat hypertriglyceridemia? - ANSWERS-
Gemfibrozil (Lopid).
What drug is the best choice of treatment for a newly diagnosed patient with type 2
diabetes only having postprandial glucose elevation? - ANSWERS-Meglitinide
(Prandin).
Which medication is considered the safest for a diabetic patient if hypoglycemia is a
major concern? - ANSWERS-Metformin (Glucophage).
What drug is an absolute contraindication if the patient is a smoker and taking
medications for type 2 diabetes? - ANSWERS-Birth control.
How should an oral glucocorticoid be taken? - ANSWERS-With food.
, The normal starting dose of levothyroxine is 50-100mcg per day for primary
hypothroidism. What is the most appropriate starting dose in a 71-year old female
patient? - ANSWERS-25mcg per day.
What drug class should be avoided in patients with a diagnosis of osteopenia or
osteoporosis? - ANSWERS-Clucocorticoids like Prednisone.
What thyroid drug blocks thyroid hormone production and release? - ANSWERS-L-
thyroxine (Levothyroid).
What drug class exacerbates hyperglycemia? - ANSWERS-Corticosteroids like
Prednisone (Deltasone).
What drug would you add for a patient who has been taking a sulfonylurea medication
like Glipizide (Glucotrol) for type 2 diabetes when there is poor glucose control? -
ANSWERS-Add Metformin (Glucophage) to the sulfonylurea.
Which drug class may predispose an insulin dependent patient to hypoglycemia? -
ANSWERS-A selective beta-adrenergic blocker like Nadolol (Corgard).
What side effects may an elderly patient who has just been placed on a calcium channel
blocker for treatment of hypertension and angina except to watch for? - ANSWERS-
Constipation, peripheral edema, and decreased heart rate.
What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with uncomplicated
stage I hypertension? - ANSWERS-Thiazide diuretics
What is the effect of cardiac glycosides? - ANSWERS-Digitalis glycosides have a
negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells.
Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control medication? -
ANSWERS-Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)