Updated 2026
EvaluationA-
AAnswerAassessAaAprocessAorAprogramAtoAprovideAevidenceAandAfeedbackAforAtheAprogram.
ResearchA-
AAnswerAisAanAorganizedAprocessAusingAtheAscientificAmethodAforAinvestigatingAproblems.ACanAbe
AconductedAwithAtheAintentAtoAgeneralizeAfindingsAfromAaAsampleAtoAaAlargerApopulation.ADoesAn
otAalwaysAaimAfor,AorAachieve,AevaluativeAconclusions,AandAitAisArestrictedAtoAempiricalA(ratherAth
anAevaluative)Adata.ABasesAobserved,Ameasured,AorAcalculatedAconclusionsAonAthatAdata.
ReliabilityA-AAnswerAtheAconsistency,Adependability,AandAstabilityAofAtheAmeasurementAprocess.
ValidityA-
AAnswerAtheAdegreeAtoAwhichAaAtestAorAassessmentAmeasuresAwhatAitAisAintendedAtoAmeasure.
VariablesA-
AAnswerAoperationalAformsAofAaAconstruct.ADesignateAhowAtheAconstructAwillAbeAmeasuredAinAdes
ignatedAscenarios.
FormativeAEvaluationA-
AAnswerAlooksAatAanAongoingAprocessAofAevaluationAfromAplanningAthroughAimplementation.AIden
tifyingAandAassessingAtheAstrengthsAandAweaknessesAofAtheAwayAaAhealthAeducatorAimplementsAa
Aprogram.AAllowsAforAcontinualAassessment;AallowsAforAmonitoringAprogress,Atroubleshooting,AandA
correctiveAactions.
ProcessAEvaluationA-
AAnswerAanyAcombinationAofAmeasuresAthatAoccurAasAaAprogramAisAimplementedAtoAassureAorAi
mproveAtheAqualityAofAperformanceAorAdelivery
SummativeAEvaluationA-
AAnswerAoftenAassociatedAwithAmeasuresAofAjudgmentsAthatAenableAtheAinvestigatorAtoAdrawAconc
lusions.AItAisAalsoAcommonlyAassociatedAwithAimpactAandAoutcomeAevaluations.AFocusesAonAtheAou
tcomesAorAproducts
ImpactAEvaluationsA-
AAnswerAfocusesAonAimmediateAandAobservableAeffectsAofAaAprogramAleadingAtoAtheAdesiredAoutc
omes.
,OutcomeAEvaluationA-
AAnswerAfocusedAonAtheAultimateAgoal,AproductAorApolicy.AOftenAmeasuredAinAtermsAofAmorbidity
AandAmortality.
PurposeAStatementA-
AAnswerAidentifiesAinAdetailAwhatAtheAhealthAeducationAspecialistAwantsAtoAlearnAoverAtheAcourse
AofAanAevaluationAorAresearchAproject.AUsuallyAaAsentenceAorAtwoAwrittenAwithAspecificityAandAde
tail.AHelpsAtoAfocusAandAguideAeffortsAinvolvedAwithAdataAcollectionAandAanalysis.
EvaluationAQuestionsA-
AAnswerAspecificallyAdevelopedAquestions.AHelpAtoAestablishAboundariesAforAtheAevaluationAbyAsta
tingAwhatAaspectsAofAtheAprogramAwillAbeAaddressed.ACreatingAencouragesAstakeholdersAtoAreveal
AwhatAtheyAbelieveAtheAevaluationAshouldAAnswer.AUseAtoAmonitorAandAmeasureAprocesses,Aactivi
ties,AoutputsAandAexpectedAoutcomes.
SearchAStrategiesA-AAnswerAtypicallyArequireAhealthAeducationAspecialistsAto:
identifyAkeyAsearchAterms
identifyAaAperiodAofAtimeAtoAconductAtheAsearch
characteristicsAofAtheAtargetApopulation
healthAconditionsAofAinterest.
SystematicAReviewsA-
AAnswerAaApublishedAqualitativeAreviewAofAaAcomprehensiveAsynthesisAofApublicationsAonAparticul
arAtopics.
Meta-analysesA-
AAnswerAaAsystematicAmethodAofAevaluatingAstatisticalAdataAbasedAonAresultsAofAseveralAindepen
dentAstudiesAofAtheAsameAproblem.
PooledAanalysesA-
AAnswerAaAmethodAforAcollectingAallAtheAindividualAdataAfromAaAgroupAofAstudies,AcombiningAth
emAintoAoneAlargeAsetAofAdata,AandAthenAanalyzingAtheAdataAasAitAcameAfromAoneAbigAstudy.
QuantitativeAMethodologyA-
AAnswerAfocusesAonAquantifying,AorAmeasuring,AthingsArelatedAtoAhealthAeducationAprogramsAthro
ughAtheAuseAofAnumericalAdataAtoAhelpAdescribe,Aexplain,AorApredictAphenomena.
,QualitativeAMethodologyA-
AAnswerAdescriptiveAinAnatureAandAattemptsAtoAdiscoverAmeaningAorAinterpretAwhyAphenomenaAa
reAoccurring.
MixedAMethodsAApproachA-
AAnswerAdataAcollectionAtoA"tellAtheAstory"AandAdescribeAclassifications,AasAwellAasAtoAindicateA
whyAaAphenomenonAisAoccurringAwithinAaApopulation
HealthAandAPsychosocialAInstrumentsA(HaPI)AdatabaseA-
AAnswerAhelpAhealthAeducationAspecialistsAidentifyAusefulAexistingAdataAcollectionAinstruments.ADat
abaseAcollectsAratingAscales,Aquestionnaires,Achecklists,Atests,AinterviewAschedules,AandAcodingAsche
mes/manualsAforAhealthAandAsocialAsciences.AHealthAandApsychosocialAinstrumentsAinAthisAdatabas
eAareAusedAand/orApublishedAinAliteratureAandAoftenArecognizeAreliabilityAandAvalidityAconcerns.A
UsedAforAassessmentAand/orAevaluationApurposes.
LogicAModelA-
AAnswerAusedAinAevaluationAtoAassistAinAdescribingAkeyAaspectsAofAprogramsAinAtermsAofAaAsim
pleAflowAchart.
InputsA-
AAnswerAresources,Acontributions,AandAotherAinvestmentsAthatAgoAintoAaAprogram.AHuman,Afiscal,
Aphysical,AandAintellectualAresourcesAneededAtoAaddressAtheAobjectivesAofAaAprogram.
OutputsA-
AAnswerAtheAactivities,Aservices,AandAproductsAthatAwillAreachAtheAparticipantsAofAaAprogram.AAct
ivities,AproductsAandAservicesAthatAwillAinfluenceAshort-termAoutcomes.
OutcomesA-AAnswerAareAoftenAdepictedAasAshort-term,Aintermediate,AorAlong-term.
Short-termAOutcomesA-
AAnswerAoftenAdescribedAasAquantifiableAchangesAinAknowledge,AskillsAorAaccessAtoAresourcesAtha
tAhappenAifAplannedAactivitiesAareAsuccessfullyAcarriedAout.AChangesAinAknowledgeAorAskillsAamon
gAparticipantsAofAtheAprogram.
IntermediateAOutcomesA-
AAnswerAmeasuredAinAtermsAofAchangesAinAbehaviorsAthatAresultAfromAachievementAofAtheAshort-
termAoutcomes.AChangesAinAbehaviorsAorApolicy.
, Long-termAOutcomesA-
AAnswerAmeasuredAinAtermsAofAfundamentalAchangesAinAconditionsAleadingAtoAmorbidityAorAmort
ality.AChangesAinAmorbidityAorAmortality.
DataAAnalysisAPlanA-
AAnswerAbeginAwithAtheAplanningAofAaAprogram.ADeterminesAifAoutcomesAwereAdifferentAthanAex
pected.AGoalAisAtoAreduce,Asynthesize,Aorganize,AandAsummarizeAinformationAtoAmakeAsenseAofAit.
QuantitativeA-AAnswerAclosed-endedAitemsA-
ArespondentsAmakeAselectionsAthatArepresentAtheirAknowledge,AattitudeAorAself-
reportedAbehaviorAfromApredeterminedAlists,AscalesAorAcategories.AParticipantsAchooseAaAresponseA
predeterminedAbyAtheAresearcher;AtheyAmayAbeAmultipleAchoice,Acategorical,ALikert-
scale,AordinalAorAnumerical.ALendAthemselvesAmoreAreadilyAtoAmathematicalAoperationsAandAadvan
cedAstatisticalAanalysis.
QualitativeA-AAnswerAopen-
endedAitemsAsolicitAwrittenAorAverbalAresponsesAtoAitemsAthatAcannotAbeAadequatelyAAnsweredAwi
thAaAsingleAwordAorAphrase.AParticipantsAofferAinAtheirAownAwordsAandAprovideAdescriptiveAinfor
mation.AEnablesAtheAresearcherAtoAdescribeAtheAphenomenaAofAinterestAinAgreatAdetailAandAinAthe
AoriginalAlanguageAofAtheAresearchAparticipants.
ContentAvalidityA-
AAnswerA(face)AconsidersAtheAinstrument'sAitemsAofAmeasurementAforAtheArelevantAareasAofAintere
st.
CriterionAValidityA-
AAnswerArefersAtoAoneAmeasure'sAcorrelationAtoAanotherAmeasureAofAaAvariable.
ConstructAValidityA-
AAnswerAensuresAthatAtheAconceptsAofAanAinstrumentArelateAtoAtheAconceptsAofAaAparticularAtheor
y.
ReliabilityA-AAnswerAassessAwhetherAtheAinstrumentAisAmeasuringAconceptsAconsistently.
InternalAConsistencyA-AAnswerAconsidersAintercorrelationsAamongAitemsAwithinAanAinstrument
Test-RetestAReliabilityA-AAnswerAconsidersAevidenceAofAstabilityAoverAtime.