2026
1. Which phase of the Backward Design process focuses on determining how
students will demonstrate their learning?
A. Stage 1: Identify Desired Results
B. Stage 3: Plan Learning Experiences
C. Stage 2: Determine Assessment Evidence
D. Stage 4: Evaluation of Standards
Answer: C
Rationale: Stage 2 of Backward Design is where educators determine the evidence
(assessments) needed to prove students have achieved the desired results.
2. What is the primary goal of ‘Horizontal Alignment’ in curriculum mapping?
A. Aligning local curriculum with national standards only
B. Ensuring skills build logically from one grade level to the next
C. Ensuring consistency across the same grade level or course
D. Reducing the total number of subjects taught in a school
Answer: C
Rationale: Horizontal alignment ensures that all teachers teaching the same grade level or
subject are covering the same standards and using similar assessments.
,3. Which term describes the process of identifying missing components or skills
in a curriculum?
A. Redundancy analysis
B. Vertical spiraling
C. Scaffolding
D. Gap analysis
Answer: D
Rationale: Gap analysis is used to identify areas where the curriculum fails to address
necessary standards or skills required for student success.
4. In the context of curriculum mapping, what does ‘Vertical Alignment’ refer
to?
A. Consistency between different sections of the same course
B. The relationship between extracurricular activities and core subjects
C. The logical flow of learning from kindergarten through graduation
D. The alignment of teacher salaries with years of experience
Answer: C
Rationale: Vertical alignment ensures that the curriculum at one grade level prepares
students for the challenges and content of the next grade level.
5. What is ‘Backward Design’ primarily intended to prevent in curriculum
planning?
A. Collaborative planning among teachers
B. Activity-oriented instruction without clear goals
C. The use of technology in the classroom
D. The implementation of standardized testing
Answer: B
, Rationale: Backward Design helps avoid ‘twin sins’: activity-oriented instruction (doing
things without clear goals) and coverage-oriented instruction (moving through a book
without deep understanding).
6. Which of the following is an example of a ‘Summative Assessment’?
A. An exit ticket at the end of a daily lesson
B. A quick check-for-understanding during a lecture
C. A final exam at the end of a semester
D. Think-Pair-Share discussion groups
Answer: C
Rationale: Summative assessments are administered at the end of a defined instructional
period to evaluate student learning against standards.
7. What are ‘Essential Questions’ in the Understanding by Design (UbD)
framework?
A. Questions that have a single correct answer for testing
B. Questions that provoke deep thought and stimulate inquiry
C. Questions asked at the beginning of every class to take attendance
D. Questions found only in the teacher edition of a textbook
Answer: B
Rationale: Essential questions are open-ended, thought-provoking, and point toward the
core ideas of a unit.
8. Which component of a curriculum map outlines the specific timing of when
content is taught?
A. Gap analysis
B. Pacing guide
C. Rubric
D. Affective domain
Answer: B