Providing First Aid for Cold Exposure (Continued)
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Frostbite
- Freezing of tissue fluids with damage to skin and underlying tissues
- Caused by exposure to freezing or below-freezing temperatures
- Early signs and symptoms are redness and tingling
- Other signs and symptoms as frostbite progresses
Objectives of first aid
Common sites: fingers, toes, ears, nose, cheeks
First aid care: avoid further injury
Assess for signs and symptoms of shock and treatment as needed
,Providing First Aid for Bleeding and Wounds
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Wound is an injury to soft tissues
Open
- Break in skin or mucous membranes
Closed
- No break in skin or mucous membranes, but injury occurs to underlying
tissues
Type of Open Wounds
- Abrasion
- Incision
- Laceration
- Puncture
- Avulsion
- Amputation
Providing First Aid for Sudden Illness
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Can be difficult to determine exact illness being experienced
Base care on signs and symptoms
Obtain information from victim if possible
Look for medical alert bracelets or necklaces or medical cards
, Treatment for Burns
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Remove source of heat
Cool affected skin area
Cover the burn
Relieve pain
Observe for and treat shock
Prevent infection
Usually not required for superficial and mild partial-thickness burnes
Rule of nines
- Refer to Figure 17-26
How to treat superficial and mold partial-thickness burns
How to treat severe partial- or full-thickness burns
How to treat chemical burns
- If eyes are burned by chemicals or irritating gases, flush with large
amounts of water for 15 to 30 minutes
Dehydration can result quickly with severe burns
Injuries to Genital Organs
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Frostbite
- Freezing of tissue fluids with damage to skin and underlying tissues
- Caused by exposure to freezing or below-freezing temperatures
- Early signs and symptoms are redness and tingling
- Other signs and symptoms as frostbite progresses
Objectives of first aid
Common sites: fingers, toes, ears, nose, cheeks
First aid care: avoid further injury
Assess for signs and symptoms of shock and treatment as needed
,Providing First Aid for Bleeding and Wounds
Give this one a try later!
Wound is an injury to soft tissues
Open
- Break in skin or mucous membranes
Closed
- No break in skin or mucous membranes, but injury occurs to underlying
tissues
Type of Open Wounds
- Abrasion
- Incision
- Laceration
- Puncture
- Avulsion
- Amputation
Providing First Aid for Sudden Illness
Give this one a try later!
Can be difficult to determine exact illness being experienced
Base care on signs and symptoms
Obtain information from victim if possible
Look for medical alert bracelets or necklaces or medical cards
, Treatment for Burns
Give this one a try later!
Remove source of heat
Cool affected skin area
Cover the burn
Relieve pain
Observe for and treat shock
Prevent infection
Usually not required for superficial and mild partial-thickness burnes
Rule of nines
- Refer to Figure 17-26
How to treat superficial and mold partial-thickness burns
How to treat severe partial- or full-thickness burns
How to treat chemical burns
- If eyes are burned by chemicals or irritating gases, flush with large
amounts of water for 15 to 30 minutes
Dehydration can result quickly with severe burns
Injuries to Genital Organs
Give this one a try later!
