Iowa 3OT Pesticide Manual Exam
Questions and Correct Answers| Latest
Update
EPA reported this much was spent on pesticide use for
industrial/commercial/government sector and this much was spend for home
and garden sector in 2012
1.4 billion; 3.3 billion
Define integrated pest management
System that uses all available and suitable pest control tactics to reduce pest
populations to tolerable levels while minimizing adverse environmental side
effects.
Explain how aesthetic thresholds affect IPM tactics
Aesthetic thresholds are based on tolerance, personal comfort, taste, plant
appearance, and specific site conditions.
Nurseries and the like have zero pest tolerance whereas landscape plantings might
have low tolerance.
Healthy lawns have a higher threshold than stressed, weakened lawns
,Explain how IPM can reduce the use of pesticides
Pesticides are not meant to be a solution to all problems.
IPM provides the most effective solutions in all regards, which may not always be
pesticides.
List the six control strategies used in IPM
Cultural
Mechanical
Host resistance
Biological
Regulatory
chemical
Define pesticide
Any material used to kill, attract, repel, regulate, or interrupt growth and mating
of pests, or to regulate plant growth
Contact pesticides
,Must physically touch the pest organism or be sprayed on the site the pest
frequents to exert an action
Example would be protective fungicide
Must be re-applied to new plant tissues or if precipitation washes product off
Systemic pesticide
Enters the plant via roots or above ground plant tissues and is moved inside of the
plant.
Could render plant toxic to insect or mice
Could move through plant to kill parts of the plant
Example would be curative fungicide because it penetrates the plant and stops
disease
Preemergence
Applied prior to weed seed germination.
Little to no effect on weeds that have emerged
Postemergence
Applied to actively growing plants.
Work best in sunlight, high humidity, good soil moisture
, Selective pesticide
Control only certain types or stages of pests while leaving nontarget organisms
unaffected.
Example would be herbicide that kills broadleaf weeds and not turfgrass
Nonselective pesticide
Exert their action on a wide variety of pests.
Control most of the plants they are sprayed on.
Identify the best application timing for effective pest control as it pertains to:
plant diseases, insects, and weeds
Plant diseases
For fungicides, it is critical that susceptible tissues be protected before an
infection begins or at the first appearance of any symptoms
Insects
The younger the stage of insect, the more susceptible it is to chemical control.
Weeds
Generally most effective when applied to actively growing plants and least
effective when plants are not actively growing
Questions and Correct Answers| Latest
Update
EPA reported this much was spent on pesticide use for
industrial/commercial/government sector and this much was spend for home
and garden sector in 2012
1.4 billion; 3.3 billion
Define integrated pest management
System that uses all available and suitable pest control tactics to reduce pest
populations to tolerable levels while minimizing adverse environmental side
effects.
Explain how aesthetic thresholds affect IPM tactics
Aesthetic thresholds are based on tolerance, personal comfort, taste, plant
appearance, and specific site conditions.
Nurseries and the like have zero pest tolerance whereas landscape plantings might
have low tolerance.
Healthy lawns have a higher threshold than stressed, weakened lawns
,Explain how IPM can reduce the use of pesticides
Pesticides are not meant to be a solution to all problems.
IPM provides the most effective solutions in all regards, which may not always be
pesticides.
List the six control strategies used in IPM
Cultural
Mechanical
Host resistance
Biological
Regulatory
chemical
Define pesticide
Any material used to kill, attract, repel, regulate, or interrupt growth and mating
of pests, or to regulate plant growth
Contact pesticides
,Must physically touch the pest organism or be sprayed on the site the pest
frequents to exert an action
Example would be protective fungicide
Must be re-applied to new plant tissues or if precipitation washes product off
Systemic pesticide
Enters the plant via roots or above ground plant tissues and is moved inside of the
plant.
Could render plant toxic to insect or mice
Could move through plant to kill parts of the plant
Example would be curative fungicide because it penetrates the plant and stops
disease
Preemergence
Applied prior to weed seed germination.
Little to no effect on weeds that have emerged
Postemergence
Applied to actively growing plants.
Work best in sunlight, high humidity, good soil moisture
, Selective pesticide
Control only certain types or stages of pests while leaving nontarget organisms
unaffected.
Example would be herbicide that kills broadleaf weeds and not turfgrass
Nonselective pesticide
Exert their action on a wide variety of pests.
Control most of the plants they are sprayed on.
Identify the best application timing for effective pest control as it pertains to:
plant diseases, insects, and weeds
Plant diseases
For fungicides, it is critical that susceptible tissues be protected before an
infection begins or at the first appearance of any symptoms
Insects
The younger the stage of insect, the more susceptible it is to chemical control.
Weeds
Generally most effective when applied to actively growing plants and least
effective when plants are not actively growing
