NURS 611 PATHO EXAM 1 [MARYVILLE]
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS TESTED AND GRADED
A+ LATEST UPDATE
What is the #1 cause of cellular injury leading to necrosis (especially the kidney
and heart) - ANS✔✔--hypoxia
What is the #1 cause of hypoxia? - ANS✔✔---ischemia
Main component of a cell - ANS✔✔---nucleus
What does the Golgi apparatus do? - ANS✔✔---takes proteins from the ER and
processes/packages them into small membrane-bound vesicles called "secretory
vesicles, and refines and directs traffic in the cell
What are lysosomes and what do they do? - ANS✔✔---maintain cellular health by
removal of toxic cellular components, removal of useless organelles, termination of
signal transduction, and signals cellular adaption
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,How does aging affect lysosomes? - ANS✔✔---leads to progressive loss of
lysosomal efficiency which declines the regenerative capacity of organs and tissue
The mitochondrial matrix contains what kind of pathways (1), involve what two
things (2), and metabolizes what three things (3)? - ANS✔✔---1- metabolic
2- urea and heme synthesis
3- carbs, proteins, and lipids
What can accumulate intracellularly caused by stresses form metabolic
dearangements? - ANS✔✔--carbs, proteins, and lipids
What is physiologic atrophy? - ANS✔✔---occurs in early development. ex: thymus
glad during childhood
What is pathologic atrophy? - ANS✔✔---occurs as a result of decreases in
workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition, and hormonal stimulation.
Ex: Shrinking of gonads in an adolescent pt in response to decreased hormonal
stimulation. and an pt immobilized in bed for a prolonged time
what is hypertrophy? - ANS✔✔---increase in cell size
, What functions do lysosomal components integrate? - ANS✔✔---nutrient
abundance, energy levels, and cell stressors and will translate them into
instructions that regulate cellular metabolism toward either proliferation or
inactivity
What is mitochondria responsible for? - ANS✔✔---cellular respiration, cellular
metabolism , and energy production
What does the inner membrane of mitochondria contain? - ANS✔✔---enzymes of
the respiratory chain and are essential to the process of oxidative phosphorylation
that generates most of the cell's ATP
example of hormonal hyperplasia - ANS✔✔---enlargement of the uterus during
pregnancy
What is metaplasia? - ANS✔✔---replacement of the cells
example of metaplasia - ANS✔✔---normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the
bronchial lining being replaced by squamous cells. can be reversed if irritant
stopped
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EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS TESTED AND GRADED
A+ LATEST UPDATE
What is the #1 cause of cellular injury leading to necrosis (especially the kidney
and heart) - ANS✔✔--hypoxia
What is the #1 cause of hypoxia? - ANS✔✔---ischemia
Main component of a cell - ANS✔✔---nucleus
What does the Golgi apparatus do? - ANS✔✔---takes proteins from the ER and
processes/packages them into small membrane-bound vesicles called "secretory
vesicles, and refines and directs traffic in the cell
What are lysosomes and what do they do? - ANS✔✔---maintain cellular health by
removal of toxic cellular components, removal of useless organelles, termination of
signal transduction, and signals cellular adaption
Page 1 of 30
,How does aging affect lysosomes? - ANS✔✔---leads to progressive loss of
lysosomal efficiency which declines the regenerative capacity of organs and tissue
The mitochondrial matrix contains what kind of pathways (1), involve what two
things (2), and metabolizes what three things (3)? - ANS✔✔---1- metabolic
2- urea and heme synthesis
3- carbs, proteins, and lipids
What can accumulate intracellularly caused by stresses form metabolic
dearangements? - ANS✔✔--carbs, proteins, and lipids
What is physiologic atrophy? - ANS✔✔---occurs in early development. ex: thymus
glad during childhood
What is pathologic atrophy? - ANS✔✔---occurs as a result of decreases in
workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition, and hormonal stimulation.
Ex: Shrinking of gonads in an adolescent pt in response to decreased hormonal
stimulation. and an pt immobilized in bed for a prolonged time
what is hypertrophy? - ANS✔✔---increase in cell size
, What functions do lysosomal components integrate? - ANS✔✔---nutrient
abundance, energy levels, and cell stressors and will translate them into
instructions that regulate cellular metabolism toward either proliferation or
inactivity
What is mitochondria responsible for? - ANS✔✔---cellular respiration, cellular
metabolism , and energy production
What does the inner membrane of mitochondria contain? - ANS✔✔---enzymes of
the respiratory chain and are essential to the process of oxidative phosphorylation
that generates most of the cell's ATP
example of hormonal hyperplasia - ANS✔✔---enlargement of the uterus during
pregnancy
What is metaplasia? - ANS✔✔---replacement of the cells
example of metaplasia - ANS✔✔---normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the
bronchial lining being replaced by squamous cells. can be reversed if irritant
stopped
Page 3 of 30
