Diagnostic Reasoning
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST 2026-2027
GRADED A+
bronchoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER-a doctor may collect a small piece of tissue from either
the lung or a nearby lymph node. ... Biopsies can detect cancer, infection, sarcoidosis, and other
conditions.
Chest CT - CORRECT ANSWER-uses x-rays to make detailed cross-sectional images of your
body. ... CT scans are more likely to show lung tumors than routine chest x-rays. They can also
show the size, shape, and position of any lung tumors and can help find enlarged lymph nodes
that might contain cancer that has spread from the lung.
Chest X-ray - CORRECT ANSWER-can detect cancer, infection or air collecting in the space
around a lung (pneumothorax). They can also show chronic lung conditions, such as
emphysema or cystic fibrosis, as well as complications related to these conditions. Heart-related
lung problems. A chest radiograph, colloquially called a chest X-ray, or chest film, is a projection
,radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby
structures.
Lung Scan - CORRECT ANSWER-s a type of nuclear imaging test. This means that a tiny
amount of a radioactive matter is used during the scan. The radioactive matter called tracer
sends out gamma rays. These rays are picked up by the scanner to make a picture of your lungs.
A lung scan can be a ventilation scan or a perfusion scan.
Ventilation lung scan - CORRECT ANSWER-A pulmonary ventilation/perfusion (or VQ) scan is
a series of two lung scans. The scans are either performed together or one after the other, but
are often referred to as one procedure.
One of the scans measures how well air is able to flow through your lungs. The other scan
shows where blood flows in your lungs.
Both scans involve the use of a low-risk radioactive substance that can be traced by a special
type of scanner. The substance will show up in the scanned image and can tell your doctor
information about how well your lungs are working. The substance will gather at areas of
abnormal blood or airflow, which may indicate a blockage in the lung.
Pleural Tap or thoracentesis - CORRECT ANSWER-Thoracentesis is a procedure to remove
fluid from the space between the lining of the outside of the lungs (pleura) and the wall of the
chest. Normally, very little fluid is present in this space. An accumulation of excess fluid between
the layers of the pleura is called a pleural effusion
Abdominal X-rays - CORRECT ANSWER-Abdominal x-ray is a commonly performed diagnostic
x-ray examination that produces images of the organs in the abdominal cavity including the
stomach, liver, intestines and spleen.
An abdominal X-ray may be one of the first tests done to find a cause of belly pain, swelling,
nausea, or vomiting.
,KUB - CORRECT ANSWER-A kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) X-ray may be performed to
assess the abdominal area for causes of abdominal pain, or to assess the organs and structures
of the urinary and/or gastrointestinal (GI) system. A KUB X-ray may be the first diagnostic
procedure used to assess the urinary system
Upper GI series - CORRECT ANSWER-An upper GI series is a group of X-ray tests that look at
your food pipe (the esophagus), stomach, and the first part of your small intestine (the
duodenum) while they're working. It's sometimes called UGI for short.
Burping
Trouble swallowing
Heartburn
Upset stomach
Throwing up
Belly pain
Abdominal Ultrasound - CORRECT ANSWER-is a type of imaging test. It is used to look at
organs in the abdomen, including the liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys. The
blood vessels that lead to some of these organs, such as the inferior vena cava and aorta, can
also be examined with ultrasound.
ERCP - CORRECT ANSWER-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a
procedure that combines upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and x-rays to treat problems of
the bile and pancreatic ducts.
Doctors use ERCP to treat problems of the bile and pancreatic ducts. Doctors also use ERCP to
diagnose problems of the bile and pancreatic ducts if they expect to treat problems during the
procedure.
Endoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER-An upper endoscopy is used to diagnose and, sometimes,
treat conditions that affect the upper part of your digestive system, including the esophagus,
stomach and beginning of the small intestine (duodenum)
, sigmoidoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER-Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a procedure that allows your
doctor to examine the rectum and the lower (sigmoid) colon. The flexible sigmoidoscope is a
flexible tube 60 cm long and about the thickness of your little finger. It is inserted gently into the
anus and advanced slowly into the rectum and the lower colon. It is an accurate and simple
method of investigating the cause of rectal bleeding, change in bowel habit, and rectal
symptoms such as pain and diarrhea.
Colonoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER-is an exam used to detect changes or abnormalities in the
large intestine (colon) and rectum.
During a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube (colonoscope) is inserted into the rectum. A tiny
video camera at the tip of the tube allows the doctor to view the inside of the entire colon.
polyps or other types of abnormal tissue can be removed through the scope during a
colonoscopy. Tissue samples (biopsies) can be taken during a colonoscopy as well
Fecal occult blood - CORRECT ANSWER-A test for fecal occult blood looks for blood in your
poop, or feces. It can be a sign of a problem in your digestive system, such as a growth, or polyp,
or cancer in the colon or rectum.
Growths or polyps of the colon
Hemorrhoids (swollen blood vessels near the anus and lower rectum that can rupture, causing
bleeding)
Anal fissures (splits or cracks in the lining of the anal opening)
Intestinal infections that cause inflammation
Ulcers
Ulcerative colitis
Crohn's disease
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS LATEST 2026-2027
GRADED A+
bronchoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER-a doctor may collect a small piece of tissue from either
the lung or a nearby lymph node. ... Biopsies can detect cancer, infection, sarcoidosis, and other
conditions.
Chest CT - CORRECT ANSWER-uses x-rays to make detailed cross-sectional images of your
body. ... CT scans are more likely to show lung tumors than routine chest x-rays. They can also
show the size, shape, and position of any lung tumors and can help find enlarged lymph nodes
that might contain cancer that has spread from the lung.
Chest X-ray - CORRECT ANSWER-can detect cancer, infection or air collecting in the space
around a lung (pneumothorax). They can also show chronic lung conditions, such as
emphysema or cystic fibrosis, as well as complications related to these conditions. Heart-related
lung problems. A chest radiograph, colloquially called a chest X-ray, or chest film, is a projection
,radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby
structures.
Lung Scan - CORRECT ANSWER-s a type of nuclear imaging test. This means that a tiny
amount of a radioactive matter is used during the scan. The radioactive matter called tracer
sends out gamma rays. These rays are picked up by the scanner to make a picture of your lungs.
A lung scan can be a ventilation scan or a perfusion scan.
Ventilation lung scan - CORRECT ANSWER-A pulmonary ventilation/perfusion (or VQ) scan is
a series of two lung scans. The scans are either performed together or one after the other, but
are often referred to as one procedure.
One of the scans measures how well air is able to flow through your lungs. The other scan
shows where blood flows in your lungs.
Both scans involve the use of a low-risk radioactive substance that can be traced by a special
type of scanner. The substance will show up in the scanned image and can tell your doctor
information about how well your lungs are working. The substance will gather at areas of
abnormal blood or airflow, which may indicate a blockage in the lung.
Pleural Tap or thoracentesis - CORRECT ANSWER-Thoracentesis is a procedure to remove
fluid from the space between the lining of the outside of the lungs (pleura) and the wall of the
chest. Normally, very little fluid is present in this space. An accumulation of excess fluid between
the layers of the pleura is called a pleural effusion
Abdominal X-rays - CORRECT ANSWER-Abdominal x-ray is a commonly performed diagnostic
x-ray examination that produces images of the organs in the abdominal cavity including the
stomach, liver, intestines and spleen.
An abdominal X-ray may be one of the first tests done to find a cause of belly pain, swelling,
nausea, or vomiting.
,KUB - CORRECT ANSWER-A kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) X-ray may be performed to
assess the abdominal area for causes of abdominal pain, or to assess the organs and structures
of the urinary and/or gastrointestinal (GI) system. A KUB X-ray may be the first diagnostic
procedure used to assess the urinary system
Upper GI series - CORRECT ANSWER-An upper GI series is a group of X-ray tests that look at
your food pipe (the esophagus), stomach, and the first part of your small intestine (the
duodenum) while they're working. It's sometimes called UGI for short.
Burping
Trouble swallowing
Heartburn
Upset stomach
Throwing up
Belly pain
Abdominal Ultrasound - CORRECT ANSWER-is a type of imaging test. It is used to look at
organs in the abdomen, including the liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys. The
blood vessels that lead to some of these organs, such as the inferior vena cava and aorta, can
also be examined with ultrasound.
ERCP - CORRECT ANSWER-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a
procedure that combines upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and x-rays to treat problems of
the bile and pancreatic ducts.
Doctors use ERCP to treat problems of the bile and pancreatic ducts. Doctors also use ERCP to
diagnose problems of the bile and pancreatic ducts if they expect to treat problems during the
procedure.
Endoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER-An upper endoscopy is used to diagnose and, sometimes,
treat conditions that affect the upper part of your digestive system, including the esophagus,
stomach and beginning of the small intestine (duodenum)
, sigmoidoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER-Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a procedure that allows your
doctor to examine the rectum and the lower (sigmoid) colon. The flexible sigmoidoscope is a
flexible tube 60 cm long and about the thickness of your little finger. It is inserted gently into the
anus and advanced slowly into the rectum and the lower colon. It is an accurate and simple
method of investigating the cause of rectal bleeding, change in bowel habit, and rectal
symptoms such as pain and diarrhea.
Colonoscopy - CORRECT ANSWER-is an exam used to detect changes or abnormalities in the
large intestine (colon) and rectum.
During a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube (colonoscope) is inserted into the rectum. A tiny
video camera at the tip of the tube allows the doctor to view the inside of the entire colon.
polyps or other types of abnormal tissue can be removed through the scope during a
colonoscopy. Tissue samples (biopsies) can be taken during a colonoscopy as well
Fecal occult blood - CORRECT ANSWER-A test for fecal occult blood looks for blood in your
poop, or feces. It can be a sign of a problem in your digestive system, such as a growth, or polyp,
or cancer in the colon or rectum.
Growths or polyps of the colon
Hemorrhoids (swollen blood vessels near the anus and lower rectum that can rupture, causing
bleeding)
Anal fissures (splits or cracks in the lining of the anal opening)
Intestinal infections that cause inflammation
Ulcers
Ulcerative colitis
Crohn's disease
