NSE111 EXAM REVIEW
143 Questions and Answers
Rated 100% Correct
Foundations in Nursing Practice
Comprehensive Exam Review
2026|2027 Standards Aligned
NMBA Registered Nurse Standards | AACN Essentials Domains 1 & 2
NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (NCJMM)
Document Type Academic Paper - Comprehensive Exam Review
Total Questions 143 Multiple-Choice Questions (A-D Format)
Cognitive Levels 30% Recall | 50% Application | 20% Analysis
Question Design 75% Scenario-Based | 25% Direct Knowledge
Standards Alignment NMBA 2026, AACN Essentials, NCSBN NCJMM
Sections 7 Comprehensive Content Domains
Academic Paper Format | April 2026
,NSE111 Exam Review | Foundations in Nursing Practice | 2026/2027 Academic Paper 143 Questions & Complete Solutions
Abstract
This comprehensive exam review presents 143 carefully constructed multiple-choice
questions designed to assess foundational nursing competencies aligned with the
2026|2027 Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) Registered Nurse
Standards for Practice, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)
Essentials Domains 1 and 2, and the National Council of State Boards of Nursing
(NCSBN) Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (NCJMM). The examination spans seven
critical domains of nursing practice: professional identity and ethical frameworks;
health assessment and clinical documentation; infection control and safety
protocols; pharmacology and medication safety; foundational nursing care including
hygiene, mobility, and nutrition; therapeutic communication and interprofessional
collaboration; and clinical reasoning with prioritization frameworks. Each question
incorporates scenario-based clinical vignettes with plausible distractors to
develop clinical judgment skills. Complete rationales accompany every question,
providing step-by-step clinical reasoning pathways and addressing common nursing
student misconceptions to support 100% mastery validation.
Keywords: NSE111, nursing foundations, clinical judgment, NMBA standards, AACN
Essentials, NCJMM, exam review, patient assessment, infection control, medication
safety, therapeutic communication, clinical reasoning, prioritization, nursing process,
professional identity
Page 1
,NSE111 Exam Review | Foundations in Nursing Practice | 2026/2027 Academic Paper 143 Questions & Complete Solutions
Section 1: Professional Nursing Identity, Ethics & Scope of
Practice
Q1: A nursing student asks their preceptor to explain the foundation of the nursing process.
Which response by the preceptor best describes the purpose of the nursing process according to
the NMBA Registered Nurse Standards for Practice (2026)?
A. It provides a structured clinical reasoning framework to deliver person-centred,
evidence-based care through systematic problem-solving. [CORRECT]
B. It is a linear checklist that ensures all medications and treatments are administered
within the prescribed time frame.
C. It is primarily used to document nursing tasks for legal protection and hospital
accreditation purposes.
D. It replaces the medical model by enabling nurses to independently diagnose and treat
medical conditions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process (ADPIE) is a systematic clinical reasoning framework endorsed by
the NMBA for delivering safe, person-centred care. Option B incorrectly reduces it to a
medication checklist; option C misrepresents it as purely documentation-focused; option D
wrongly suggests it replaces medical diagnosis.
Q2: During morning handover, a registered nurse receives a patient assignment that includes
four patients, one of whom is a post-operative patient requiring hourly neurological
observations. The nurse determines that the assistant in nursing (AIN) can assist with vital
signs for the three stable patients. Which of the five rights of delegation has the nurse
applied?
A. Right supervision
B. Right circumstances
C. Right person
D. Right task [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse has identified that measuring vital signs for stable patients is an
appropriate task to delegate. The right task means the activity falls within the delegate's scope
and is routine and predictable. Right person, supervision, and circumstances are also important
but the core decision here is about task appropriateness.
Q3: A registered nurse is caring for Mr. Thompson, a 68-year-old patient admitted with
congestive heart failure. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse notes
bilateral ankle oedema (2+), crackles at both lung bases, and a weight gain of 3 kg over the
past week. Which of the following statements best reflects the purpose of this assessment data
collection?
A. The data establishes a baseline to identify actual and potential problems that will
guide the planning and implementation of nursing care. [CORRECT]
B. The data confirms the medical diagnosis of congestive heart failure and requires no
further nursing assessment.
C. The data is collected primarily for the purpose of communicating with the physiotherapy
department.
D. The data should only be reported to the physician and not used independently by the
nurse for care planning.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The assessment phase of ADPIE gathers comprehensive data to establish a baseline,
identify actual and potential nursing diagnoses, and guide care planning. Option B incorrectly
stops at the medical diagnosis; option C inappropriately narrows the purpose; option D violates
Page 2
, NSE111 Exam Review | Foundations in Nursing Practice | 2026/2027 Academic Paper 143 Questions & Complete Solutions
the NMBA standard that nurses use assessment data to inform their own clinical reasoning and care
delivery.
Q4: A graduate nurse is assigned to care for Mrs. Chen, a 45-year-old woman with advanced
breast cancer who has expressed a desire to discontinue all active treatment. The oncologist
strongly recommends continuing chemotherapy. The nurse feels personally conflicted because
they believe all possible treatments should be pursued. According to the NMBA Code of Conduct
for Nurses (2026), what is the nurse's most appropriate action?
A. Encourage Mrs. Chen to follow the oncologist's recommendation because the physician
knows what is medically best.
B. Recognise their personal bias, set it aside, and support Mrs. Chen's right to
self-determination while facilitating access to appropriate resources. [CORRECT]
C. Refuse the assignment on the grounds of conscientious objection and request a different
patient.
D. Report the situation to the hospital ethics committee without informing Mrs. Chen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The NMBA Code of Conduct requires nurses to respect patient autonomy and
self-determination. Nurses must recognise their own values and biases, ensuring they do not
impose personal beliefs on patients. Option A violates autonomy; option C is premature as the
conflict is internal bias, not a genuine conscientious objection; option D bypasses
communication with the patient.
Q5: An enrolled nurse (EN) working under the supervision of a registered nurse (RN) asks the
RN to clarify which tasks they can perform independently. According to the NMBA Enrolled Nurse
Standards for Practice and delegation guidelines, which of the following best describes the
EN's scope of independent practice?
A. The EN may independently perform any task that appears on the ward's task allocation
sheet.
B. The EN may independently alter a patient's care plan based on their clinical judgment
without consulting the RN.
C. The EN may independently prescribe and administer Schedule 4 medications without RN
oversight.
D. The EN may independently perform activities for which they have been educated and
assessed as competent, and that are within the delegated direction of the supervising RN.
[CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The NMBA defines EN scope as activities they are educated, authorised, and competent
to perform, under the direction and delegation of an RN. Option A incorrectly equates task lists
with scope; option C is wrong as ENs cannot independently prescribe; option B violates the
requirement for RN oversight of care plan changes.
Q6: A patient, Mr. Rivera, tells the nurse that he is confused about his diagnosis and
treatment plan because the surgeon and the medical registrar gave him different explanations.
Which nursing action best demonstrates the role of patient advocacy according to the NMBA
Registered Nurse Standards for Practice?
A. Advise the patient to follow the surgeon's recommendation because surgeons have more
authority in the hospital hierarchy.
B. Document the patient's confusion in the nursing notes and take no further action as this
is a medical communication issue.
C. Arrange a multidisciplinary meeting with the patient present to clarify the treatment
plan, ensuring the patient understands and can participate in decisions about their care.
[CORRECT]
D. File a formal complaint about the medical staff's lack of communication to the hospital
management.
Page 3
143 Questions and Answers
Rated 100% Correct
Foundations in Nursing Practice
Comprehensive Exam Review
2026|2027 Standards Aligned
NMBA Registered Nurse Standards | AACN Essentials Domains 1 & 2
NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (NCJMM)
Document Type Academic Paper - Comprehensive Exam Review
Total Questions 143 Multiple-Choice Questions (A-D Format)
Cognitive Levels 30% Recall | 50% Application | 20% Analysis
Question Design 75% Scenario-Based | 25% Direct Knowledge
Standards Alignment NMBA 2026, AACN Essentials, NCSBN NCJMM
Sections 7 Comprehensive Content Domains
Academic Paper Format | April 2026
,NSE111 Exam Review | Foundations in Nursing Practice | 2026/2027 Academic Paper 143 Questions & Complete Solutions
Abstract
This comprehensive exam review presents 143 carefully constructed multiple-choice
questions designed to assess foundational nursing competencies aligned with the
2026|2027 Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) Registered Nurse
Standards for Practice, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)
Essentials Domains 1 and 2, and the National Council of State Boards of Nursing
(NCSBN) Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (NCJMM). The examination spans seven
critical domains of nursing practice: professional identity and ethical frameworks;
health assessment and clinical documentation; infection control and safety
protocols; pharmacology and medication safety; foundational nursing care including
hygiene, mobility, and nutrition; therapeutic communication and interprofessional
collaboration; and clinical reasoning with prioritization frameworks. Each question
incorporates scenario-based clinical vignettes with plausible distractors to
develop clinical judgment skills. Complete rationales accompany every question,
providing step-by-step clinical reasoning pathways and addressing common nursing
student misconceptions to support 100% mastery validation.
Keywords: NSE111, nursing foundations, clinical judgment, NMBA standards, AACN
Essentials, NCJMM, exam review, patient assessment, infection control, medication
safety, therapeutic communication, clinical reasoning, prioritization, nursing process,
professional identity
Page 1
,NSE111 Exam Review | Foundations in Nursing Practice | 2026/2027 Academic Paper 143 Questions & Complete Solutions
Section 1: Professional Nursing Identity, Ethics & Scope of
Practice
Q1: A nursing student asks their preceptor to explain the foundation of the nursing process.
Which response by the preceptor best describes the purpose of the nursing process according to
the NMBA Registered Nurse Standards for Practice (2026)?
A. It provides a structured clinical reasoning framework to deliver person-centred,
evidence-based care through systematic problem-solving. [CORRECT]
B. It is a linear checklist that ensures all medications and treatments are administered
within the prescribed time frame.
C. It is primarily used to document nursing tasks for legal protection and hospital
accreditation purposes.
D. It replaces the medical model by enabling nurses to independently diagnose and treat
medical conditions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process (ADPIE) is a systematic clinical reasoning framework endorsed by
the NMBA for delivering safe, person-centred care. Option B incorrectly reduces it to a
medication checklist; option C misrepresents it as purely documentation-focused; option D
wrongly suggests it replaces medical diagnosis.
Q2: During morning handover, a registered nurse receives a patient assignment that includes
four patients, one of whom is a post-operative patient requiring hourly neurological
observations. The nurse determines that the assistant in nursing (AIN) can assist with vital
signs for the three stable patients. Which of the five rights of delegation has the nurse
applied?
A. Right supervision
B. Right circumstances
C. Right person
D. Right task [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse has identified that measuring vital signs for stable patients is an
appropriate task to delegate. The right task means the activity falls within the delegate's scope
and is routine and predictable. Right person, supervision, and circumstances are also important
but the core decision here is about task appropriateness.
Q3: A registered nurse is caring for Mr. Thompson, a 68-year-old patient admitted with
congestive heart failure. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse notes
bilateral ankle oedema (2+), crackles at both lung bases, and a weight gain of 3 kg over the
past week. Which of the following statements best reflects the purpose of this assessment data
collection?
A. The data establishes a baseline to identify actual and potential problems that will
guide the planning and implementation of nursing care. [CORRECT]
B. The data confirms the medical diagnosis of congestive heart failure and requires no
further nursing assessment.
C. The data is collected primarily for the purpose of communicating with the physiotherapy
department.
D. The data should only be reported to the physician and not used independently by the
nurse for care planning.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The assessment phase of ADPIE gathers comprehensive data to establish a baseline,
identify actual and potential nursing diagnoses, and guide care planning. Option B incorrectly
stops at the medical diagnosis; option C inappropriately narrows the purpose; option D violates
Page 2
, NSE111 Exam Review | Foundations in Nursing Practice | 2026/2027 Academic Paper 143 Questions & Complete Solutions
the NMBA standard that nurses use assessment data to inform their own clinical reasoning and care
delivery.
Q4: A graduate nurse is assigned to care for Mrs. Chen, a 45-year-old woman with advanced
breast cancer who has expressed a desire to discontinue all active treatment. The oncologist
strongly recommends continuing chemotherapy. The nurse feels personally conflicted because
they believe all possible treatments should be pursued. According to the NMBA Code of Conduct
for Nurses (2026), what is the nurse's most appropriate action?
A. Encourage Mrs. Chen to follow the oncologist's recommendation because the physician
knows what is medically best.
B. Recognise their personal bias, set it aside, and support Mrs. Chen's right to
self-determination while facilitating access to appropriate resources. [CORRECT]
C. Refuse the assignment on the grounds of conscientious objection and request a different
patient.
D. Report the situation to the hospital ethics committee without informing Mrs. Chen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The NMBA Code of Conduct requires nurses to respect patient autonomy and
self-determination. Nurses must recognise their own values and biases, ensuring they do not
impose personal beliefs on patients. Option A violates autonomy; option C is premature as the
conflict is internal bias, not a genuine conscientious objection; option D bypasses
communication with the patient.
Q5: An enrolled nurse (EN) working under the supervision of a registered nurse (RN) asks the
RN to clarify which tasks they can perform independently. According to the NMBA Enrolled Nurse
Standards for Practice and delegation guidelines, which of the following best describes the
EN's scope of independent practice?
A. The EN may independently perform any task that appears on the ward's task allocation
sheet.
B. The EN may independently alter a patient's care plan based on their clinical judgment
without consulting the RN.
C. The EN may independently prescribe and administer Schedule 4 medications without RN
oversight.
D. The EN may independently perform activities for which they have been educated and
assessed as competent, and that are within the delegated direction of the supervising RN.
[CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The NMBA defines EN scope as activities they are educated, authorised, and competent
to perform, under the direction and delegation of an RN. Option A incorrectly equates task lists
with scope; option C is wrong as ENs cannot independently prescribe; option B violates the
requirement for RN oversight of care plan changes.
Q6: A patient, Mr. Rivera, tells the nurse that he is confused about his diagnosis and
treatment plan because the surgeon and the medical registrar gave him different explanations.
Which nursing action best demonstrates the role of patient advocacy according to the NMBA
Registered Nurse Standards for Practice?
A. Advise the patient to follow the surgeon's recommendation because surgeons have more
authority in the hospital hierarchy.
B. Document the patient's confusion in the nursing notes and take no further action as this
is a medical communication issue.
C. Arrange a multidisciplinary meeting with the patient present to clarify the treatment
plan, ensuring the patient understands and can participate in decisions about their care.
[CORRECT]
D. File a formal complaint about the medical staff's lack of communication to the hospital
management.
Page 3
