APEA 3P FINAL EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|WELL STRUCTURED|100% PASS
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
What would cause decrease in Digoxin levels? Antacids
Taking Pyridium for UTI, what can Pyridium cause? Hemolytic Anemia
Increased insulin levels (Hyperinsulinemia), Androgens,
What can PCOS result in?
Hirsutism
Methyldopa (Alpha-2-Agonist), Labetalol, Nifedipine, Hy-
What are the anti-hypertensives used in pregnancy?
dralazine
What is a characteristic of Placenta Previa? Painless, red bleeding
What is a chacteristic of Rheumatoid Arthritis? Tender, warm, swollen joints
Aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, NSAIDs, antihistamines,
Medications that can cause ototoxicity?
nasal decongestants
What is the treatment time for enterobiasis? 2 weeks
Mean Corpuscular Volume helps diagnose ditterent types
What does MCV lab value measure? of anemia such as B12 & Folate (Macrocytic) and Fe ane-
mia (Microcytic)
Rhogam is given at how many week gestation? 27-28 weeks
They are irregular, non-tender hemorrhagic macules lo-
What are Janeway lesions and what do they indicate?
cated on the hands and feet. Seen in Infective Endocarditis
They are split pea-sized, erythematous, tender nodules lo-
What are Osler's Nodes and what do they indicate? cated on the pads of the fingers and toes. Seen in Infective
Endocarditis
What is the recommendation for Warfarin management If within 12 hours of the dose time, take it. If over 12 hours
when a patient misses a dose? patient will need a INR redraw
A dry hacking cough is a common side ettect of ACEs and
will go away within a week after discontinuing. ACEs &
What do we need to know about ACEs and ARBs? ARBs are indicated for patients with DM, CKD, and HTN.
Not recommended as 1st line agent with African Ameri-
cans & can cause angioedema.
, Contraindications for Hydrochlorothiazide Sulfa allergy, PCN hypersensitivity, Asthma, Gout
MR = Mitral Regurge (SOB/Fatigue HF)
Peyton Manning = Physiologic Murmur (Asymptomatic)
Systolic Murmurs (Benign) AS = Aortic Stenosis (Angina, Syncope HF)
MVP = Mitral Valve Prolapse ("Click", Women 14-30, Pal-
pitations, Chest Pain
AR = Aortic Regurgitation (Angina, HF, Dizziness, Chest
Diastolic Murmurs (Abnormal) Pain)
MS = Mitral Stenosis (Dyspnea, AFib)
S1 Closure of the Atrioventricular Valves (Mitral & Tricuspid
What does S1 indicate?
Valves)
S2 Closure of the Semilunar Valves (Aortic & Pulmonic
What does S2 indicate?
Valves)
S3 is often heard in? CHF, possibly normal for athletic adolescents
Diastolic HF, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), Poorly
S4 is often heard in?
controlled HTN, MI
Antiplatelets (Plavix, ASA), Pentoxifylline (Decreases blood
Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
viscosity)
Gold Standard = Angiography
Diagnosing Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Ankle Brachial Index (ABI)
Aotrvastatin/Rosuvastatin = If LDL>150 use high doses.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) treatment Watch for LFTs & arthralgia. Change type & dose if issues.
Helps stabilize plaques.
ACEs, ARBs, ARNI w/BBs, Aldosterone Recepter Antago-
What medications are indicated for HF treatment?
nists
Topical Permetherin massaged from head to soles of feet
What is the treatment for Sarcopter Scabiei (Scabies)? and wash ott with shower or bath after 8-14hrs. Treat
again in 1 week.
Names of skin lesions?
, Macule: Flat <1cm i.e. freckle
Papule: Raised <1cm i.e. acne
Nodule: Raised >1cm i.e. lipoma
Vesicle: Blister <1cm i.e. HSV, Chickenpox
Bulla: Blister >1cm i.e. 2nd Degree Burn, Bullous Pem-
phigod
Plaque: Raised, flat-top >1cm i.e. Psoriasis & Seborrheic
Keratoses
Patch: Flat, discolored >1cm i.e. Vitiligo & Port-Wine
Stains
Wheal: Raised & Red Area i.e. Hives & Insect Bite reaction
Hyperthrophic scar that is invasive beyond point of origi-
Keloid
nal injury
Scalp Ring-Worm. Round, scaly patches on scalp (Cradle
What is Tinea Capitis and What is the treatment? Cap). Treatment is Grisefulvin 500mg with high fat meals
for 4-6weeks
Body Ring-Worm. Red, scaly plaques on the body or trunk
What is Tinea Corporis and What is the treatment? in a ring-like/circular pattern. Topical Azoles (I.E. Clotrima-
zole) for 2 weeks.
ABCDE (Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter >6mm, and
How do you assess Melanoma?
Evolution/Elevation
Silvery-White Scales, Pitted Nails, Positive Auspitz Sign
Signs & Symptoms of Psoriasis?
(Pinpoint bleeding when lesions/scales are scraped)
- Unilateral Dermatomal Rash which starts as a painful red
rash (patch) and progresses to blisters (vesicles).
- Post herpetic neuralgia pain is common and can last
Facts about Shingles (Herpes Zoster) longer than 1 month after rash resolves.
- May transmit chickenpox virus to unvaccinated & suscep-
tible patients.
- Treatment consists of Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, or Famciclovir
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
What would cause decrease in Digoxin levels? Antacids
Taking Pyridium for UTI, what can Pyridium cause? Hemolytic Anemia
Increased insulin levels (Hyperinsulinemia), Androgens,
What can PCOS result in?
Hirsutism
Methyldopa (Alpha-2-Agonist), Labetalol, Nifedipine, Hy-
What are the anti-hypertensives used in pregnancy?
dralazine
What is a characteristic of Placenta Previa? Painless, red bleeding
What is a chacteristic of Rheumatoid Arthritis? Tender, warm, swollen joints
Aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, NSAIDs, antihistamines,
Medications that can cause ototoxicity?
nasal decongestants
What is the treatment time for enterobiasis? 2 weeks
Mean Corpuscular Volume helps diagnose ditterent types
What does MCV lab value measure? of anemia such as B12 & Folate (Macrocytic) and Fe ane-
mia (Microcytic)
Rhogam is given at how many week gestation? 27-28 weeks
They are irregular, non-tender hemorrhagic macules lo-
What are Janeway lesions and what do they indicate?
cated on the hands and feet. Seen in Infective Endocarditis
They are split pea-sized, erythematous, tender nodules lo-
What are Osler's Nodes and what do they indicate? cated on the pads of the fingers and toes. Seen in Infective
Endocarditis
What is the recommendation for Warfarin management If within 12 hours of the dose time, take it. If over 12 hours
when a patient misses a dose? patient will need a INR redraw
A dry hacking cough is a common side ettect of ACEs and
will go away within a week after discontinuing. ACEs &
What do we need to know about ACEs and ARBs? ARBs are indicated for patients with DM, CKD, and HTN.
Not recommended as 1st line agent with African Ameri-
cans & can cause angioedema.
, Contraindications for Hydrochlorothiazide Sulfa allergy, PCN hypersensitivity, Asthma, Gout
MR = Mitral Regurge (SOB/Fatigue HF)
Peyton Manning = Physiologic Murmur (Asymptomatic)
Systolic Murmurs (Benign) AS = Aortic Stenosis (Angina, Syncope HF)
MVP = Mitral Valve Prolapse ("Click", Women 14-30, Pal-
pitations, Chest Pain
AR = Aortic Regurgitation (Angina, HF, Dizziness, Chest
Diastolic Murmurs (Abnormal) Pain)
MS = Mitral Stenosis (Dyspnea, AFib)
S1 Closure of the Atrioventricular Valves (Mitral & Tricuspid
What does S1 indicate?
Valves)
S2 Closure of the Semilunar Valves (Aortic & Pulmonic
What does S2 indicate?
Valves)
S3 is often heard in? CHF, possibly normal for athletic adolescents
Diastolic HF, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), Poorly
S4 is often heard in?
controlled HTN, MI
Antiplatelets (Plavix, ASA), Pentoxifylline (Decreases blood
Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
viscosity)
Gold Standard = Angiography
Diagnosing Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Ankle Brachial Index (ABI)
Aotrvastatin/Rosuvastatin = If LDL>150 use high doses.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) treatment Watch for LFTs & arthralgia. Change type & dose if issues.
Helps stabilize plaques.
ACEs, ARBs, ARNI w/BBs, Aldosterone Recepter Antago-
What medications are indicated for HF treatment?
nists
Topical Permetherin massaged from head to soles of feet
What is the treatment for Sarcopter Scabiei (Scabies)? and wash ott with shower or bath after 8-14hrs. Treat
again in 1 week.
Names of skin lesions?
, Macule: Flat <1cm i.e. freckle
Papule: Raised <1cm i.e. acne
Nodule: Raised >1cm i.e. lipoma
Vesicle: Blister <1cm i.e. HSV, Chickenpox
Bulla: Blister >1cm i.e. 2nd Degree Burn, Bullous Pem-
phigod
Plaque: Raised, flat-top >1cm i.e. Psoriasis & Seborrheic
Keratoses
Patch: Flat, discolored >1cm i.e. Vitiligo & Port-Wine
Stains
Wheal: Raised & Red Area i.e. Hives & Insect Bite reaction
Hyperthrophic scar that is invasive beyond point of origi-
Keloid
nal injury
Scalp Ring-Worm. Round, scaly patches on scalp (Cradle
What is Tinea Capitis and What is the treatment? Cap). Treatment is Grisefulvin 500mg with high fat meals
for 4-6weeks
Body Ring-Worm. Red, scaly plaques on the body or trunk
What is Tinea Corporis and What is the treatment? in a ring-like/circular pattern. Topical Azoles (I.E. Clotrima-
zole) for 2 weeks.
ABCDE (Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter >6mm, and
How do you assess Melanoma?
Evolution/Elevation
Silvery-White Scales, Pitted Nails, Positive Auspitz Sign
Signs & Symptoms of Psoriasis?
(Pinpoint bleeding when lesions/scales are scraped)
- Unilateral Dermatomal Rash which starts as a painful red
rash (patch) and progresses to blisters (vesicles).
- Post herpetic neuralgia pain is common and can last
Facts about Shingles (Herpes Zoster) longer than 1 month after rash resolves.
- May transmit chickenpox virus to unvaccinated & suscep-
tible patients.
- Treatment consists of Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, or Famciclovir
