PSY 1001 EXAM PRAC QUESTIONS AND
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
What is the misinformation effect?
Exposure to misleading information after an event changes the memory of that event.
What are source monitoring errors?
The source of a memory is misattributed or forgotten.
What are the different types of levels of processing for memory?
Structural (looks like), phonetic (sounds like), and semantic (means).
Which level of processing produces the best recall?
Semantic (deep) processing.
What is anterograde amnesia?
Inability to form new long-term memories after onset.
What is retrograde amnesia?
Inability to recall memories from before trauma.
What is a flashbulb memory?
A highly vivid and detailed memory around an important event.
What is the difference between recall and recognition?
Recall is retrieving information without cues; recognition is identifying previously learned
information when presented with it.
What is context-dependent learning?
Information learned in a specific environment is easier to recall in that same environment.
What is state-dependent learning?
If you learn something while in a particular state, it's easier to remember when in the same state.
Who was Ebbinghaus?
He studied forgetting and found that humans forget information rapidly if it is not reviewed.
What is decay in the context of forgetting?
Memories dissolve over time.
What is interference in forgetting?
, Memories are forgotten because new memories are put in place over them.
What is retroactive interference?
Newly acquired information impairs the recollection of a past event.
What is proactive interference?
Previously learned information hinders the ability to learn or retrieve new information.
What are heuristics?
Rules of thumb that produce quick solutions at the cost of possible errors.
What are algorithms?
A procedure that always produces a correct solution.
What is inductive reasoning?
Specific to general.
What is a descriptive approach?
How we solve this problem.
What is a normative approach?
How we should solve this problem.
What are base rates?
How likely it is that one thing or another occurs.
How do people ignore base rates?
By making assumptions.
What is the availability heuristic?
We judge the likelihood of something by how easily we can think of examples.
What is the representativeness heuristic?
Estimation of the probability of an event based on a prototype.
What is confirmation bias?
Looking for evidence that works with a preexisting idea in our heads.
What is deductive reasoning?
General to specific.
What are the initial state, goal state, and current state in problem-solving?
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
What is the misinformation effect?
Exposure to misleading information after an event changes the memory of that event.
What are source monitoring errors?
The source of a memory is misattributed or forgotten.
What are the different types of levels of processing for memory?
Structural (looks like), phonetic (sounds like), and semantic (means).
Which level of processing produces the best recall?
Semantic (deep) processing.
What is anterograde amnesia?
Inability to form new long-term memories after onset.
What is retrograde amnesia?
Inability to recall memories from before trauma.
What is a flashbulb memory?
A highly vivid and detailed memory around an important event.
What is the difference between recall and recognition?
Recall is retrieving information without cues; recognition is identifying previously learned
information when presented with it.
What is context-dependent learning?
Information learned in a specific environment is easier to recall in that same environment.
What is state-dependent learning?
If you learn something while in a particular state, it's easier to remember when in the same state.
Who was Ebbinghaus?
He studied forgetting and found that humans forget information rapidly if it is not reviewed.
What is decay in the context of forgetting?
Memories dissolve over time.
What is interference in forgetting?
, Memories are forgotten because new memories are put in place over them.
What is retroactive interference?
Newly acquired information impairs the recollection of a past event.
What is proactive interference?
Previously learned information hinders the ability to learn or retrieve new information.
What are heuristics?
Rules of thumb that produce quick solutions at the cost of possible errors.
What are algorithms?
A procedure that always produces a correct solution.
What is inductive reasoning?
Specific to general.
What is a descriptive approach?
How we solve this problem.
What is a normative approach?
How we should solve this problem.
What are base rates?
How likely it is that one thing or another occurs.
How do people ignore base rates?
By making assumptions.
What is the availability heuristic?
We judge the likelihood of something by how easily we can think of examples.
What is the representativeness heuristic?
Estimation of the probability of an event based on a prototype.
What is confirmation bias?
Looking for evidence that works with a preexisting idea in our heads.
What is deductive reasoning?
General to specific.
What are the initial state, goal state, and current state in problem-solving?
