PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS: MENINGITIS,
SEIZURES, HEAD INJURY, AND SENSORY IMPAIRMENTS |
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% ACCURATE, A+
GRADED, GUARANTEED SUCCESS!
Photophobia Answer: Sensitivity to light.
Vomiting Answer: The act of expelling contents from the stomach through the mouth.
Irritability Answer: A state of being easily annoyed or angered.
Meningitis Answer: An inflammation of the meninges caused by bacteria, a virus, or
fungus in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Newborn Meningitis Symptoms Answer: Poor muscle tone, weak cry, poor suck,
refuses feeding, and vomiting or diarrhea.
Reye Syndrome Answer: A life-threatening disorder that involves acute encephalopathy
and fatty changes of the liver.
Seizures Answer: Sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain, often
presenting with a high-pitched cry in infants.
Nuchal Rigidity Answer: Stiffness of the neck, often associated with meningitis.
Brudzinski's Sign Answer: Flexion of extremities occurring with deliberate flexion of the
child's neck.
Kernig's Sign Answer: Resistance to extension of the child's leg from a flexed position.
Bacterial Meningitis Answer: A contagious infection with a prognosis that depends on
how quickly care is initiated.
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,Viral Meningitis Answer: Usually requires supportive care for recovery.
Petechiae Answer: Small red or purple spots on the body, often associated with
meningococcal infection.
Purpuric Rash Answer: A rash that appears as purple spots on the skin, indicating
bleeding under the skin.
CSF Analysis Answer: A test that can indicate the presence of meningitis.
Cloudy CSF Answer: A sign indicative of bacterial meningitis.
Elevated WBC Count Answer: An increase in white blood cells, often seen in infections.
Elevated Protein Content Answer: An increase in protein levels in the CSF, often
associated with meningitis.
Decreased Glucose Content Answer: Lower levels of glucose in the CSF, indicative of
bacterial meningitis.
Positive Gram Stain Answer: Indicates the presence of bacteria in the CSF.
Clear CSF Answer: A sign indicative of viral meningitis.
Slightly Elevated WBC Count Answer: A mild increase in white blood cells in the CSF,
often seen in viral meningitis.
Normal Glucose Content Answer: Normal levels of glucose in the CSF, indicative of
viral meningitis.
Negative Gram Stain Answer: Indicates the absence of bacteria in the CSF.
Lumbar puncture Answer: The definitive diagnostic test for meningitis.
NPO status Answer: Maintain NPO status if the client has a decreased level of
consciousness.
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, Spinal needle insertion Answer: The provider inserts a spinal needle into the
subarachnoid space between L3 and L4, or L4 and L5 vertebral spaces.
Environmental stimuli reduction Answer: Decrease environmental stimuli to provide a
quiet environment.
Client positioning Answer: Position the client without a pillow, and slightly elevate the
head of the bed.
Topical anesthetic application Answer: A topical anesthetic cream (lidocaine and
prilocaine) can be applied over the biopsy area 45 min to 1 hr prior to the procedure.
Safety measures Answer: Maintain safety by keeping the bed in a low position and
implementing seizure precautions.
Sedation Answer: The client can be sedated with fentanyl and midazolam.
Antibiotics Answer: Administer IV antibiotics for bacterial infections; therapy can last up
to 10 days.
Client education on bed rest Answer: Remain in bed in a flat position to prevent
leakage and a resulting spinal headache.
CT scan or MRI Answer: Performed to identify increased intracranial pressure (ICP) or
an abscess.
Corticosteroids: dexamethasone Answer: Assists with initial management of increased
ICP, but might not be effective for long-term complications.
Analgesics Answer: Acetaminophen with codeine can be used to relieve discomfort.
Peak incidence of Reye syndrome Answer: Occurs when influenza is most common.
Client education on immunizations Answer: Maintain appropriate immunizations for the
client.
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
SEIZURES, HEAD INJURY, AND SENSORY IMPAIRMENTS |
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% ACCURATE, A+
GRADED, GUARANTEED SUCCESS!
Photophobia Answer: Sensitivity to light.
Vomiting Answer: The act of expelling contents from the stomach through the mouth.
Irritability Answer: A state of being easily annoyed or angered.
Meningitis Answer: An inflammation of the meninges caused by bacteria, a virus, or
fungus in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Newborn Meningitis Symptoms Answer: Poor muscle tone, weak cry, poor suck,
refuses feeding, and vomiting or diarrhea.
Reye Syndrome Answer: A life-threatening disorder that involves acute encephalopathy
and fatty changes of the liver.
Seizures Answer: Sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain, often
presenting with a high-pitched cry in infants.
Nuchal Rigidity Answer: Stiffness of the neck, often associated with meningitis.
Brudzinski's Sign Answer: Flexion of extremities occurring with deliberate flexion of the
child's neck.
Kernig's Sign Answer: Resistance to extension of the child's leg from a flexed position.
Bacterial Meningitis Answer: A contagious infection with a prognosis that depends on
how quickly care is initiated.
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Viral Meningitis Answer: Usually requires supportive care for recovery.
Petechiae Answer: Small red or purple spots on the body, often associated with
meningococcal infection.
Purpuric Rash Answer: A rash that appears as purple spots on the skin, indicating
bleeding under the skin.
CSF Analysis Answer: A test that can indicate the presence of meningitis.
Cloudy CSF Answer: A sign indicative of bacterial meningitis.
Elevated WBC Count Answer: An increase in white blood cells, often seen in infections.
Elevated Protein Content Answer: An increase in protein levels in the CSF, often
associated with meningitis.
Decreased Glucose Content Answer: Lower levels of glucose in the CSF, indicative of
bacterial meningitis.
Positive Gram Stain Answer: Indicates the presence of bacteria in the CSF.
Clear CSF Answer: A sign indicative of viral meningitis.
Slightly Elevated WBC Count Answer: A mild increase in white blood cells in the CSF,
often seen in viral meningitis.
Normal Glucose Content Answer: Normal levels of glucose in the CSF, indicative of
viral meningitis.
Negative Gram Stain Answer: Indicates the absence of bacteria in the CSF.
Lumbar puncture Answer: The definitive diagnostic test for meningitis.
NPO status Answer: Maintain NPO status if the client has a decreased level of
consciousness.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, Spinal needle insertion Answer: The provider inserts a spinal needle into the
subarachnoid space between L3 and L4, or L4 and L5 vertebral spaces.
Environmental stimuli reduction Answer: Decrease environmental stimuli to provide a
quiet environment.
Client positioning Answer: Position the client without a pillow, and slightly elevate the
head of the bed.
Topical anesthetic application Answer: A topical anesthetic cream (lidocaine and
prilocaine) can be applied over the biopsy area 45 min to 1 hr prior to the procedure.
Safety measures Answer: Maintain safety by keeping the bed in a low position and
implementing seizure precautions.
Sedation Answer: The client can be sedated with fentanyl and midazolam.
Antibiotics Answer: Administer IV antibiotics for bacterial infections; therapy can last up
to 10 days.
Client education on bed rest Answer: Remain in bed in a flat position to prevent
leakage and a resulting spinal headache.
CT scan or MRI Answer: Performed to identify increased intracranial pressure (ICP) or
an abscess.
Corticosteroids: dexamethasone Answer: Assists with initial management of increased
ICP, but might not be effective for long-term complications.
Analgesics Answer: Acetaminophen with codeine can be used to relieve discomfort.
Peak incidence of Reye syndrome Answer: Occurs when influenza is most common.
Client education on immunizations Answer: Maintain appropriate immunizations for the
client.
3
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