NUR 521 Module 8 Study Guide – Full
Questions and Answers
Cardiovascular and Renal Pharmacology
2026 Updated | 100% Correct
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS:
o WELL VERIFIED Qs & ANSWERS
o LATEST 2026/2027 UPDATES
o 100% VERIFIED RATIONALES
o INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD
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,Part 1: Hemodynamics and Cardiac Function (Q 1-10)
s s s s s s s
1. sA snurse sis scalculating sa spatient's scardiac soutput. sWhich sformula sshould
sthe snurse suse?
A. sStroke sVolume s× sHeart sRate
B. sBlood sPressure s× sPeripheral sResistance
C. sEnd sDiastolic sVolume s– sEnd sSystolic sVolume
D. sHeart sRate s× sMean sArterial sPressure
Answer: sA s– sStroke sVolume s× sHeart sRate
Rationale: sCardiac soutput s(CO) sis sthe svolume sof sblood spumped sby sthe sheart sper
sminute. sIt sis scalculated sby smultiplying sthe sstroke svolume s(blood sejected sper sbeat)
sby sthe sheart srate s(beats sper sminute) s.
2. sA spatient shas sa sheart srate sof s85 sbpm sand sa sstroke svolume sof s75 smL. sWhat
sis sthe scardiac soutput?
A. s160 smL/min
B. s6,375 smL/min s(6.4 sL/min)
C. s850 smL/min
D. s1,200 smL/min
Answer: sB s– s6,375 smL/min s(6.4 sL/min)
Rationale: sCardiac sOutput s= sHeart sRate s× sStroke sVolume. s85 sbpm s× s75 smL s=
s6,375 smL/min. sThe saverage sresting sCO sis s4-8 sL/min.
3. sA spatient swith sheart sfailure shas sa sreduced sforce sof sventricular
scontraction. sThe snurse sidentifies s this sas sa sdeficit sin swhich sdeterminant sof
sstroke svolume?
A. sAfterload
B. sPreload
C. sContractility
D. sHeart srate
Answer: sC s– sContractility
Rationale: sContractility srefers sto sthe sforce swith swhich sthe sventricles scontract. sIn
, sheart sfailure, scontractility sis sreduced, sdecreasing sthe sejection sfraction sand sstroke
svolume s.
4. sAccording sto sthe sStarling sLaw sof sthe sHeart, sif sa spatient shas sincreased
svenous sreturn s(increased spreload), swhat swill shappen sto sthe sforce sof
scontraction?
A. sIt swill sdecrease
B. sIt swill sstay sthe ssame
C. sIt swill sincrease
D. sIt swill sbecome serratic
Answer: sC s– sIt swill sincrease
Rationale: sThe sStarling sLaw sstates sthat sthe sforce sof sventricular scontraction sis
sproportional sto sthe smuscle sfiber slength. sIncreased spreload sstretches sthe sfibers,
sleading sto sa sstronger scontraction s.
5. sA spatient swith suncontrolled shypertension shas sincreased sresistance sin sthe
saorta. sThe snurse srecognizes sthat sthis s increases sthe sworkload sof sthe sheart sby
sincreasing:
A. sPreload
B. sAfterload
C. sContractility
D. sHeart srate
Answer: sB s– sAfterload
Rationale: sAfterload sis sthe spressure s(resistance) sthe sventricle smust sovercome sto
seject sblood. sHypertension sincreases ssystemic svascular sresistance s(afterload),
sforcing sthe sheart sto swork sharder s.
6. sHeart srate sis sprimarily sregulated sby sthe sautonomic snervous ssystem.
sWhich sreceptors sare sresponsible sfor sincreasing sheart srate?
A. sMuscarinic sreceptors
B. sAlpha-1 sreceptors
C. sBeta-1 sadrenergic sreceptors
D. sBeta-2 sadrenergic sreceptors
Answer: sC s– sBeta-1 sadrenergic sreceptors
Rationale: sSympathetic sstimulation sreleases snorepinephrine, swhich sbinds sto
sBeta-1 sreceptors sin sthe sSA snode sto sincrease sheart srate s(chronotropy) sand
scontractility s.
Questions and Answers
Cardiovascular and Renal Pharmacology
2026 Updated | 100% Correct
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS:
o WELL VERIFIED Qs & ANSWERS
o LATEST 2026/2027 UPDATES
o 100% VERIFIED RATIONALES
o INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD
o 100% PASS GUARANTEED
,Part 1: Hemodynamics and Cardiac Function (Q 1-10)
s s s s s s s
1. sA snurse sis scalculating sa spatient's scardiac soutput. sWhich sformula sshould
sthe snurse suse?
A. sStroke sVolume s× sHeart sRate
B. sBlood sPressure s× sPeripheral sResistance
C. sEnd sDiastolic sVolume s– sEnd sSystolic sVolume
D. sHeart sRate s× sMean sArterial sPressure
Answer: sA s– sStroke sVolume s× sHeart sRate
Rationale: sCardiac soutput s(CO) sis sthe svolume sof sblood spumped sby sthe sheart sper
sminute. sIt sis scalculated sby smultiplying sthe sstroke svolume s(blood sejected sper sbeat)
sby sthe sheart srate s(beats sper sminute) s.
2. sA spatient shas sa sheart srate sof s85 sbpm sand sa sstroke svolume sof s75 smL. sWhat
sis sthe scardiac soutput?
A. s160 smL/min
B. s6,375 smL/min s(6.4 sL/min)
C. s850 smL/min
D. s1,200 smL/min
Answer: sB s– s6,375 smL/min s(6.4 sL/min)
Rationale: sCardiac sOutput s= sHeart sRate s× sStroke sVolume. s85 sbpm s× s75 smL s=
s6,375 smL/min. sThe saverage sresting sCO sis s4-8 sL/min.
3. sA spatient swith sheart sfailure shas sa sreduced sforce sof sventricular
scontraction. sThe snurse sidentifies s this sas sa sdeficit sin swhich sdeterminant sof
sstroke svolume?
A. sAfterload
B. sPreload
C. sContractility
D. sHeart srate
Answer: sC s– sContractility
Rationale: sContractility srefers sto sthe sforce swith swhich sthe sventricles scontract. sIn
, sheart sfailure, scontractility sis sreduced, sdecreasing sthe sejection sfraction sand sstroke
svolume s.
4. sAccording sto sthe sStarling sLaw sof sthe sHeart, sif sa spatient shas sincreased
svenous sreturn s(increased spreload), swhat swill shappen sto sthe sforce sof
scontraction?
A. sIt swill sdecrease
B. sIt swill sstay sthe ssame
C. sIt swill sincrease
D. sIt swill sbecome serratic
Answer: sC s– sIt swill sincrease
Rationale: sThe sStarling sLaw sstates sthat sthe sforce sof sventricular scontraction sis
sproportional sto sthe smuscle sfiber slength. sIncreased spreload sstretches sthe sfibers,
sleading sto sa sstronger scontraction s.
5. sA spatient swith suncontrolled shypertension shas sincreased sresistance sin sthe
saorta. sThe snurse srecognizes sthat sthis s increases sthe sworkload sof sthe sheart sby
sincreasing:
A. sPreload
B. sAfterload
C. sContractility
D. sHeart srate
Answer: sB s– sAfterload
Rationale: sAfterload sis sthe spressure s(resistance) sthe sventricle smust sovercome sto
seject sblood. sHypertension sincreases ssystemic svascular sresistance s(afterload),
sforcing sthe sheart sto swork sharder s.
6. sHeart srate sis sprimarily sregulated sby sthe sautonomic snervous ssystem.
sWhich sreceptors sare sresponsible sfor sincreasing sheart srate?
A. sMuscarinic sreceptors
B. sAlpha-1 sreceptors
C. sBeta-1 sadrenergic sreceptors
D. sBeta-2 sadrenergic sreceptors
Answer: sC s– sBeta-1 sadrenergic sreceptors
Rationale: sSympathetic sstimulation sreleases snorepinephrine, swhich sbinds sto
sBeta-1 sreceptors sin sthe sSA snode sto sincrease sheart srate s(chronotropy) sand
scontractility s.
