PrepIQ Maine Counselor Pastoral Conditional
Ultimate Exam
**Question 1.** Which ACA ethical principle emphasizes the counselor’s responsibility to respect the
dignity and worth of all persons?
A) Autonomy
B) Beneficence
C) Justice
D) Fidelity
Answer: C
Explanation: The principle of Justice requires counselors to treat persons fairly and to respect their
inherent dignity and worth.
**Question 2.** In multicultural counseling, the term “microaggression” refers to:
A) Overt discrimination based on race
B) Subtle, often unintentional, slights toward a marginalized group
C) Institutional policies that disadvantage minorities
D) A therapeutic technique for building rapport
Answer: B
Explanation: Microaggressions are brief, everyday exchanges that send denigrating messages to target
persons based on group membership.
**Question 3.** According to Erikson, the developmental task of “generativity vs. stagnation” occurs
during which life stage?
A) Early childhood
B) Adolescence
C) Middle adulthood
D) Late adulthood
Answer: C
Explanation: Erikson’s stage of generativity vs. stagnation is typical of middle adulthood, focusing on
productivity and contribution.
, PrepIQ Maine Counselor Pastoral Conditional
Ultimate Exam
**Question 4.** Which of the following career development theories emphasizes the interaction of
personal traits and environmental factors?
A) Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice
B) Super’s Life‑Span, Life‑Space Theory
C) Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory of Career Decision Making
D) Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise
Answer: C
Explanation: Krumboltz’s theory integrates personal traits, learning experiences, and environmental
conditions in career decisions.
**Question 5.** In group counseling, the “forming” stage is characterized by:
A) Conflict and power struggles
B) High cohesion and trust
C) Uncertainty and orientation to group norms
D) Disbanding and termination activities
Answer: C
Explanation: The forming stage involves members getting to know each other, establishing roles, and
clarifying goals.
**Question 6.** Which psychometric property refers to the consistency of measurement across time?
A) Validity
B) Reliability
C) Standardization
D) Norms
Answer: B
Explanation: Reliability assesses the stability and consistency of test scores over repeated
administrations.
, PrepIQ Maine Counselor Pastoral Conditional
Ultimate Exam
**Question 7.** The term “construct validity” is best defined as:
A) The degree to which a test predicts future performance
B) The extent to which a test measures the theoretical construct it intends to measure
C) The consistency of test scores across different raters
D) The similarity of test scores to a criterion measure
Answer: B
Explanation: Construct validity evaluates whether a test accurately reflects the underlying theoretical
concept.
**Question 8.** In research methodology, a “quasi‑experimental” design differs from a true experiment
because it:
A) Randomly assigns participants to conditions
B. Uses a control group with no treatment
C. Lacks random assignment to groups
D. Employs only qualitative data
Answer: C
Explanation: Quasi‑experimental designs do not use random assignment, limiting internal validity
compared with true experiments.
**Question 9.** Which DSM‑5‑TR diagnostic criterion is essential for a diagnosis of Major Depressive
Disorder?
A) At least two weeks of depressed mood or anhedonia
B. Presence of psychotic symptoms
C. History of manic episodes
D. Chronic medical illness causing mood changes
Answer: A
Explanation: A core criterion for Major Depressive Disorder is a minimum of two weeks of depressed
mood or loss of interest/pleasure.
**Question 10.** The “duty to warn” legal principle obligates counselors to:
, PrepIQ Maine Counselor Pastoral Conditional
Ultimate Exam
A. Report all client disclosures to law enforcement
B. Notify a client’s family about treatment plans
C. Warn identifiable third parties of a credible threat of harm
D. Disclose client records to insurance companies without consent
Answer: C
Explanation: Duty to warn requires counselors to breach confidentiality when a client poses a serious,
imminent threat to an identifiable person.
**Question 11.** In the ACA Code of Ethics, “conflict of interest” is primarily addressed under which
section?
A. A.1.a – The Counseling Relationship
B. B.1.b – Confidentiality and Privileged Communication
C. A.6.c – Conflict of Interest
D. E.5 – Supervision
Answer: C
Explanation: Section A.6.c specifically outlines counselors’ responsibilities regarding conflicts of interest.
**Question 12.** Which of the following is a primary goal of trauma‑informed counseling?
A. To diagnose comorbid disorders before treatment
B. To ensure safety, trustworthiness, choice, collaboration, and empowerment
C. To focus exclusively on cognitive restructuring
D. To minimize client participation in treatment planning
Answer: B
Explanation: Trauma‑informed practice emphasizes safety, trust, choice, collaboration, and
empowerment throughout the therapeutic process.
**Question 13.** The “person‑centered” therapeutic approach was developed by:
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Carl Rogers
Ultimate Exam
**Question 1.** Which ACA ethical principle emphasizes the counselor’s responsibility to respect the
dignity and worth of all persons?
A) Autonomy
B) Beneficence
C) Justice
D) Fidelity
Answer: C
Explanation: The principle of Justice requires counselors to treat persons fairly and to respect their
inherent dignity and worth.
**Question 2.** In multicultural counseling, the term “microaggression” refers to:
A) Overt discrimination based on race
B) Subtle, often unintentional, slights toward a marginalized group
C) Institutional policies that disadvantage minorities
D) A therapeutic technique for building rapport
Answer: B
Explanation: Microaggressions are brief, everyday exchanges that send denigrating messages to target
persons based on group membership.
**Question 3.** According to Erikson, the developmental task of “generativity vs. stagnation” occurs
during which life stage?
A) Early childhood
B) Adolescence
C) Middle adulthood
D) Late adulthood
Answer: C
Explanation: Erikson’s stage of generativity vs. stagnation is typical of middle adulthood, focusing on
productivity and contribution.
, PrepIQ Maine Counselor Pastoral Conditional
Ultimate Exam
**Question 4.** Which of the following career development theories emphasizes the interaction of
personal traits and environmental factors?
A) Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice
B) Super’s Life‑Span, Life‑Space Theory
C) Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory of Career Decision Making
D) Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise
Answer: C
Explanation: Krumboltz’s theory integrates personal traits, learning experiences, and environmental
conditions in career decisions.
**Question 5.** In group counseling, the “forming” stage is characterized by:
A) Conflict and power struggles
B) High cohesion and trust
C) Uncertainty and orientation to group norms
D) Disbanding and termination activities
Answer: C
Explanation: The forming stage involves members getting to know each other, establishing roles, and
clarifying goals.
**Question 6.** Which psychometric property refers to the consistency of measurement across time?
A) Validity
B) Reliability
C) Standardization
D) Norms
Answer: B
Explanation: Reliability assesses the stability and consistency of test scores over repeated
administrations.
, PrepIQ Maine Counselor Pastoral Conditional
Ultimate Exam
**Question 7.** The term “construct validity” is best defined as:
A) The degree to which a test predicts future performance
B) The extent to which a test measures the theoretical construct it intends to measure
C) The consistency of test scores across different raters
D) The similarity of test scores to a criterion measure
Answer: B
Explanation: Construct validity evaluates whether a test accurately reflects the underlying theoretical
concept.
**Question 8.** In research methodology, a “quasi‑experimental” design differs from a true experiment
because it:
A) Randomly assigns participants to conditions
B. Uses a control group with no treatment
C. Lacks random assignment to groups
D. Employs only qualitative data
Answer: C
Explanation: Quasi‑experimental designs do not use random assignment, limiting internal validity
compared with true experiments.
**Question 9.** Which DSM‑5‑TR diagnostic criterion is essential for a diagnosis of Major Depressive
Disorder?
A) At least two weeks of depressed mood or anhedonia
B. Presence of psychotic symptoms
C. History of manic episodes
D. Chronic medical illness causing mood changes
Answer: A
Explanation: A core criterion for Major Depressive Disorder is a minimum of two weeks of depressed
mood or loss of interest/pleasure.
**Question 10.** The “duty to warn” legal principle obligates counselors to:
, PrepIQ Maine Counselor Pastoral Conditional
Ultimate Exam
A. Report all client disclosures to law enforcement
B. Notify a client’s family about treatment plans
C. Warn identifiable third parties of a credible threat of harm
D. Disclose client records to insurance companies without consent
Answer: C
Explanation: Duty to warn requires counselors to breach confidentiality when a client poses a serious,
imminent threat to an identifiable person.
**Question 11.** In the ACA Code of Ethics, “conflict of interest” is primarily addressed under which
section?
A. A.1.a – The Counseling Relationship
B. B.1.b – Confidentiality and Privileged Communication
C. A.6.c – Conflict of Interest
D. E.5 – Supervision
Answer: C
Explanation: Section A.6.c specifically outlines counselors’ responsibilities regarding conflicts of interest.
**Question 12.** Which of the following is a primary goal of trauma‑informed counseling?
A. To diagnose comorbid disorders before treatment
B. To ensure safety, trustworthiness, choice, collaboration, and empowerment
C. To focus exclusively on cognitive restructuring
D. To minimize client participation in treatment planning
Answer: B
Explanation: Trauma‑informed practice emphasizes safety, trust, choice, collaboration, and
empowerment throughout the therapeutic process.
**Question 13.** The “person‑centered” therapeutic approach was developed by:
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Carl Rogers
