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egg, larva, pupa, adult
The four distinct stages of mosquito development
There are ----- species of mosquitoes present in Michigan
60
Some of these species deposit their eggs on damp soil.
Aedes and Psorophora
Larvae breeding sites usually include water that is:
stationary or very slow moving
All larvae are:
air breathers
,Culicinae (Aedes, Culex, Psorphora, etc.) except Coquillettidia hang at an --------
from the surface with the tip of their air tube inserted into the surface film.
angle
Coquillettidia obtain air by inserting their air tubes into hollow roots of aquatic
plants and
never need to go to the surface to breathe.
Adult stage mosquitoes have three distinct body parts.
head, thorax and abdomen
The ----- -segmented palpi originate at the lower front of the head near the
proboscis and vary in size and shape. In female Anopheles, they are about the
same length as the proboscis and straight-sided.
five
Only females take a blood meal, utilizing the protein from blood to
produce eggs
Michigan has 3 classes of mosquitoes grouped on the basis of larval habitats
(breeding sites) and life history.
permanent water mosquitoes, floodwater mosquitoes, and artificial
container/tree hole mosquitoes
Midges and crane flies
, These insects are commonly confused with mosquitoes.
Floodwater mosquitoes have two groups
summer floodwater and spring floodwater
The most important mosquito-borne diseases in Michigan are caused by these.
Viruses
St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE) and West Nile (WN) disease
Caused with a natural transmission cycle involving several species of wild birds
(sparrows and starlings) and mosquitoes.
The causative agent of this is a protozoan parasite, and a filarial worm causes
dog heartworm.
Malaria
Major vectors of WN and SLE in the United States.
Members of genus Culex
Some vertebrates do not develop a high enough level of a virus in their blood to
transmit to another vertebrate.
Dead-end host